Iyini i-Hyperparathyroidism? Izimbangela, Izimpawu kanye Nokwelashwa

i-hyperparathyroidismKwenzeka lapho izindlala ze-parathyroid zenza i-hormone ye-parathyroid eningi kakhulu (PTH). 

Izindlala ze-parathyroid ziyizindlala ezine ze-endocrine ezilingana nepea ezisentanyeni, eduze noma zixhunywe ngemuva kwegilo. 

Izindlala ze-Endocrine zikhiqiza ama-hormone adingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba.

Naphezu kokuba namagama afanayo futhi ahlangene nentamo, izindlala ze-parathyroid kanye ne-thyroid yizitho ezihluke kakhulu. Izindlala ze-parathyroid zisiza ukulawula i-calcium, uvithamini D kanye namazinga e-phosphorus emathanjeni nasegazini.

Abanye abantu abane-hormone ye-parathyroid eyeqile ababi nazo izimpawu futhi abadingi ukwelashwa. Abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezithambile noma ezinzima ezingase zidinge ukuhlinzwa.

Iyini i-Hyperparathyroidism?

i-hyperparathyroidismyisimo esibonakala nge-hormone ye-parathyroid eyeqile egazini. 

Izindlala ze-parathyroid zitholakala eduze kwendlala yegilo entanyeni futhi zikhiqiza ihomoni ebizwa ngokuthi i-parathyroid hormone. 

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezindlala ze-parathyroid emzimbeni i-calcium ve i-phosphorus amazinga okulawula. Umuntu ngamunye unezindlala ezine ezincane ze-parathyroid ngokuvamile ezilingana nohlamvu lwerayisi kuphela.

Ngokuvamile, lapho amazinga e-calcium ehla, umzimba ukhiqiza i-hormone ye-parathyroid (PTH) eyengeziwe ukuze ubuyisele amazinga. Lapho amazinga e-calcium enyuka, umzimba ukhiqiza ihomoni encane ye-parathyroid ukuze amazinga ehle. 

i-hyperparathyroidism Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bane-calcium eningi kanye namanani angaphansi-kwejwayelekile (noma ngezinye izikhathi acishe abe avamile) e-phosphorus egazini labo.

I-hormone ye-Parathyroid inemisebenzi ebalulekile efana nale:

- Ivuselela amathambo ukuthi akhiphe i-calcium ne-phosphate egazini.

Kwenza ukuthi izinso zikhiphe i-calcium encane emchamweni.

Kwenza ukuthi izinso zikhiphe i-phosphate eningi egazini.

- Ivuselela uhlelo lokugaya ukudla ukuze lumunce i-calcium eningi.

- Kubangela ukuthi izinso zenze kusebenze uvithamini D owengeziwe, okuvumela ukumuncwa kwe-calcium okwengeziwe. 

Yiziphi Izinhlobo ze-Hyperparathyroidism?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-hyperparathyroidism: i-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko, i-hyperparathyroidism yesibili kanye ne-tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

I-Hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko

Lolu hlobo lwenzeka lapho kunenkinga okungenani eyodwa yezindlala ze-parathyroid. Izimbangela ezivamile zezinkinga ze-parathyroid zihlanganisa izimila ezingenabungozi ku-gland kanye nokwandiswa okungenani kwezindlala ezimbili. 

Ezimweni ezingavamile, isimila esinomdlavuza sibangela lesi simo. I-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko Ingozi yokuqhamuka nayo iphezulu nakubantu:

- Izifo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa ezithinta izindlala ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni, njenge-multiple endocrine neoplasia.

- Umlando omude wokushoda kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D.

- Ukuchayeka ngemisebe ekwelapheni umdlavuza.

- i-bipolar disorder ukuthatha umuthi obizwa nge-lithium owelaphayo

I-Hyperparathyroidism yesibili

Lolu hlobo lwenzeka lapho kuvela isimo esicashile esidala ukuthi amazinga e-calcium abe phansi ngendlela engavamile.

I-hyperparathyroidism yesibili Izimo eziningi zibangelwa ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli okuholela emazingeni aphansi kavithamini D kanye ne-calcium.

I-Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism

Lolu hlobo lwenzeka lapho izindlala ze-parathyroid ziqhubeka zenza i-PTH eningi ngemva kokuba izinga le-calcium libuyele kokujwayelekile. Lolu hlobo luvame ukubonakala kubantu abanenkinga yezinso.

Yini Ebangela I-Hyperparathyroidism?

i-hyperparathyroidismUkwengeza, eyodwa noma eziningi zezindlala ze-parathyroid ziba zisebenza ngokweqile futhi zenze i-PTH eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yesimila, ukwanda kwezindlala, noma ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo sezindlala ze-parathyroid.

Lapho amazinga e-calcium ephansi kakhulu, izindlala ze-parathyroid zisabela ngokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PTH. Lokhu kuvumela izinso namathumbu ukuba amunce i-calcium eningi.

Iphinde ikhiphe i-calcium eningi emathanjeni. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PTH kubuyela kokujwayelekile lapho izinga le-calcium likhuphuka futhi.

Yiziphi Izingozi Ze-Hyperparathyroidism?

– Ukuba ngowesifazane ngoba lesi simo sijwayeleke kakhulu kwabesifazane (ikakhulukazi abadlule kokuya esikhathini) kunabesilisa.

– Ukuba umuntu omdala omdala.

- Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe entanyeni yokwelapha umdlavuza.

- Ifa lofuzo noma umndeni i-hyperparathyroidism indaba.

- Ukuba nomlando we-neoplasia eminingi ye-endocrine, isifo esingajwayelekile esizuzwe njengefa.

– Umlando wesifo sezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso. Izinso zethu ziguqula uvithamini D abe uhlobo umzimba wethu ongalisebenzisa, futhi uvithamini D uyadingeka ukulinganisela amazinga e-calcium. Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli, hyperparathyroidism yesibiliiyimbangela evame kakhulu ye

- Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium kakhulu.

- Ukushoda kwe-vitamin D kakhulu okuthinta ukumuncwa kwe-calcium.

- Ukuthatha i-lithium, umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha i-bipolar disorder.

Yiziphi Izimpawu ze-Hyperparathyroidism?

Izimpawu zingasukela kokumnene kuye kokuqina, kuye ngohlobo lwakho lwe-hyperparathyroidism.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-Hyperparathyroidism

Ezinye iziguli azinazo izimpawu. Uma izimpawu zikhona, zingasukela kokuncane kuye kwezinzima. Izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu zihlanganisa:

- Ukukhathala

- Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala

- Ukucindezeleka

- ubuhlungu bomzimba

Izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu zihlanganisa:

– ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla

- Ukuqunjelwa

- Ukuhlanza

- Isicanucanu

- ukoma okwedlulele

- ukwanda kokuchama

- ukudideka kwengqondo

- izinkinga zenkumbulo

- Itshe lezinso

Olunye ucwaningo i-hyperparathyroidism eyinhlokoabantu abadala abaningi nge i-parathyroidism zikhombisa ukuthi zikhuluphele kakhulu kunabantu abadala abalingana nabo ubudala abangenakho.

I-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko kungase futhi kuhlotshaniswe nokwanda kokwanda komfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukumelana ne-insulin, izinkinga ze-lipid/fat/cholesterol, nesifo senhliziyo.

Izimpawu ze-hyperparathyroidism yesibili

Lolu hlobo lungase lube nokungahambi kahle kwamathambo njengokuphuka, amalunga avuvukele, nokukhubazeka kwamathambo. Ezinye izimpawu zincike kumbangela, njengokuhluleka kwezinso okungapheli noma ukuntula kakhulu uvithamini D.

Itholakala Kanjani I-Hyperparathyroidism?

Lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kunamazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini, udokotela i-hyperparathyroidismangase asole. Ukuqinisekisa lokhu kuxilongwa, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzodinga futhi ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo.

Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe kuzosiza udokotela ukuthi enze ukuxilonga okunembe kakhudlwana. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole amazinga aphezulu e-PTH, amazinga aphezulu e-alkaline phosphatase, namazinga aphansi e-phosphorus.

Ukuhlola Umchamo

Ukuhlolwa komchamo kusiza udokotela abone ukuthi isimo sinzima kangakanani nokuthi izinkinga zezinso ziyimbangela yini. Uzohlola nomchamo ukuthi uqukethe i-calcium engakanani.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinso

Udokotela angase enze ukuhlolwa kwesithombe sezinso.

Iphathwa Kanjani I-Hyperparathyroidism?

I-Hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko

Uma izinso zisebenza kahle, izinga le-calcium liphakeme kancane, noma ukuminyana kwamathambo kuyinto evamile, ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki.

Kulesi simo, udokotela wakho angase aqaphe isimo kanye ngonyaka futhi ahlole amazinga e-calcium-calcium kabili ngonyaka.

Udokotela ukweluleka ukuthi uqaphe ukusetshenziswa kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D. Kuzodingeka ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ukuze unciphise ingozi yamatshe ezinso. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kubalulekile ukuze uqinise amathambo.

Uma ukwelashwa kudingekile, ukuhlinzwa kuwukwelashwa okuvame ukusetshenziswa. Izinqubo zokuhlinza zihilela ukususa izindlala ze-parathyroid ezikhulisiwe noma izimila ezindlaleni.

Izinkinga azivamile futhi zihlanganisa imizwa yephimbo elimele kanye namazinga ende, aphansi e-calcium.

I-Calcimimetics, esebenza njenge-calcium egazini, ingenye indlela yokwelapha. Le mithi iphoqa izindlala ukuthi zenze i-PTH encane. Udokotela ngezinye izikhathi uyawachaza lapho ukuhlinzwa kungaphumeleli noma kungeyona inketho.

Ngokuvikela amathambo ekulahlekelweni kwe-calcium, ama-bisfonates angase asize ekunciphiseni ingozi ye-osteoporosis.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hormone esikhundleni kusiza amathambo ukuba abambelele ku-calcium. Nakuba lokhu kwelashwa kunezingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kungase kwelaphe abesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini abane-osteoporosis. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo neminye imidlavuza.

I-Hyperparathyroidism yesibili

Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukulungisa imbangela ewumsuka nokubuyisela izinga le-PTH kwejwayelekile. Izindlela zokwelapha zihlanganisa ukusebenzisa i-vitamin D enikezwa ngudokotela uma kukhona ukuntula okukhulu, i-calcium ne-vitamin D ekuhlulekeni kwezinso okungapheli. Uma kukhona ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli, imithi kanye ne-dialysis kungase kudingeke.

Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezihlobene Ne-Hyperparathyroidism?

i-hyperparathyroidism Labo abaphilayo bangase babe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-osteoporosis, ebizwa nangokuthi "ukuncipha" kwethambo.

Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuphuka kwamathambo nokulahlekelwa ukuphakama ngenxa ye-vertebral body (ikholomu yomgogodla) ukuphuka.

Lokhu kungathuthuka lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-PTH ngokweqile kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-calcium eningi emathanjeni, okuwenza buthaka.

I-osteoporosis ivame ukuvela lapho kune-calcium eningi egazini futhi i-calcium ingahlali emathanjeni isikhathi eside.

I-osteoporosis ibeka engcupheni enkulu yokuphuka kwamathambo. Udokotela uhlola izimpawu ze-osteoporosis ngokuthatha ama-X-ray amathambo noma enze ukuhlola ukuminyana kwamaminerali amathambo. Lokhu kuhlola kukala amazinga e-calcium namaminerali amathambo kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile ye-X-ray.

Imithi Yemvelo Yokwelapha I-Hyperparathyroidism

Landela i-Hyperparathyroidism Diet

Izimpawu ze-hyperparathyroidismKubalulekile ukudla ukudla okune-calcium eningi ukuze kuvikelwe ukuntuleka kwe-calcium, okungase kubhebhethekise isifo kanye nezinkinga zaso.  

Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-10-50, abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-51 nangaphezulu, namadoda aneminyaka engu-71 nangaphezulu badinga amamiligremu angu-1.000 e-calcium ngosuku, noma ama-milligram angu-1.200 ngosuku.

Imithombo engcono kakhulu ye-calcium yilezi: imikhiqizo yobisi (ubisi olungaphekiwe, ubisi lwembuzi, i-kefir, iyogathi noma ushizi osekhulile), imifino enamahlamvu aluhlaza, okra, i-chard, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza, izaqathe, itheniphu kanye ne-watercress, ama-alimondi, ubhontshisi we-navy, uphizi onamehlo amnyama, i-organic edamame, ama-sardine, ama-oyster, i-seaweed, i-sesame, imbewu ye-sunflower, ithanga, ubhatata, ama-strawberry, amakhiwane namawolintshi.

i-hyperparathyroidism Okunye ukudla okungasiza ukuphatha kuhlanganisa: zonke izinhlobo zemifino enamaqabunga, ukhokho, ukwatapheya, ubhanana, amafutha anempilo njengamafutha omnqumo namafutha kakhukhunathi, inyama edla utshani, amakhambi amasha nezinongo. i-magnesium ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu.

Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize ukuvimbela amatshe ezinso. Kungcono ukuphuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku ukuze usize ukuvikela izinso zakho.

Kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla okudala ukuvuvukala. Ukudla okuvuvukalayo okufanele kugwenywe kufakwe ushukela, okusanhlamvu okugayiwe, amafutha emifino acolisisiwe, nokudla okunezithako zokwenziwa.

Yehlisa Ubuhlungu Bamathambo Namajoyina

Zama ukuhlala usebenza futhi welule nsuku zonke, uma kungenzeka, ukuze ugcine ukuguquguquka futhi unciphise ukuqina. Ukuzivocavoca njalo, ikakhulukazi ukuphakamisa isisindo nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla, kubalulekile ekugcineni amathambo eqinile. 

Ukwengeza, ukuzivocavoca kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nesifo senhliziyo. Ezinye izindlela zokusiza ukuphatha ubuhlungu bamathambo namalunga zihlanganisa:

– Ukugcoba amafutha e-peppermint ezindaweni ezibuhlungu

- Yenza i-yoga

– Ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele nge-Epsom salt

- I-massage therapy noma i-acupuncture

- Ukuthatha izithasiselo zokulwa nokuvuvukala, okuhlanganisa i-turmeric ne-omega 3 fatty acids

- lala ngokwanele

– Ukudla umuthi oqeda ukuvuvukala

Ukulwa Nesicanucanu kanye Nokulahlekelwa Isifiso Sokudla

Kulabo abahlushwa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla, lawa macebiso azosiza:

- Gwema ukudla okungenza izinkinga zokugaya zibe zimbi kakhulu, njengokudla okunamafutha, ukudla okunesodium ephezulu, imifino enephunga elinamandla, amaprotheni ezilwane amaningi, izinongo, uwoyela noma ushizi. Yidla ukudla okuncane noma ama-snacks usuku lonke esikhundleni sezidlo ezintathu ezinkulu.

- Gcina umzimba uhlanzekile ngokuphuza amanzi noma itiye le-herbal nokudla izithelo nemifino.

– Faka ulamula kanye nejusi yelime emanzini ayiqhwa futhi uwaphuze usuku lonke.

– Zama ukuphuza itiye leginger noma uphuze amaphilisi ejinja izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ukuthatha uvithamini B6 kanye ukuya kathathu ngosuku nakho kunganciphisa isicanucanu.

– Thatha uhambo ngaphandle futhi uthole umoya omusha. Zama ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okulula isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba lokhu kungasiza ukulawula isifiso sokudla.

– Lala ngokwanele ngoba ukukhathala kungakwenza uzizwe kabi.

Lawula Ukudangala Nokukhathala

Izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka nokudangala kanye nokusekela impilo yengqondo zihlanganisa: ukuzivocavoca, ukulala ngokwanele, ukusekelwa komphakathi, ukuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle, ukuzindla, ukutshopa, ukubhala, nokufunda.

Vimbela Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D

Ivithamini D Kuyasiza ukugcina amazinga e-calcium afanele egazini futhi kuvumela uhlelo lokugaya ukudla ukuthi lumunce i-calcium ekudleni. 

Isincomo esijwayelekile sokuthatha uvithamini D amayunithi angama-1 wamazwe ngamazwe (IU) ngosuku kubantu abaneminyaka engu-70-600 kanye nama-71 IU ngosuku kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-800 nangaphezulu.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuntuleka kwevithamini D ukuchayeka elangeni okuqondile. Umzimba ukhiqiza uvithamini D lapho isikhumba sichayeka elangeni. Ngokwezinga elincane, singathola uvithamini D ekudleni esikudlayo. 

Khuluma nodokotela mayelana nokudinga i-vitamin D kanye ne-calcium supplement, njengoba ngokuvamile kudingekile ukugcina amazinga avamile.

Gwema Ukubhema Nemithi Ethize

Ukubhema kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuwohloka kwamathambo nokungase kube nomthelela ezinkingeni zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. 

Khuluma nodokotela mayelana nendlela engcono kakhulu yokuyeka ukubhema, njengokujoyina iqembu lokuyeka ukubhema, ukusebenzisa i-nicotine patch, noma ukuzama i-hypnosis, ukuzindla, noma ezinye izindlela.

Kufanele futhi ugweme ukuphuza utshwala obuningi noma ukuthatha imishanguzo ekhulisa i-calcium, kuhlanganise nama-diuretics kanye ne-lithium.

i-hyperparathyroidismKuthinta umzimba kakhulu. Ingabe umuntu une-hyperparathyroidism? Ungabhala imibono.