Chithokomiro ndi kachithokomiro kakang'ono kooneka ngati gulugufe kamene kamakhala pakhosi kuseri kwa apulo wa Adamu. Imagwira ntchito ngati thermostat ya thupi.
Mavuto a chithokomiro, omwe nthawi zonse amayendetsa zinthu monga kutentha, kuchuluka kwa njala, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi, ndizofala.
Malinga ndi National Women's Health Information Center, pali anthu ambiri omwe amadwala matenda a chithokomiro.Oposa 60% mwa omwe akudwala matenda a chithokomiro amawonda kapena kutopa Sakudziwa kuti gwero la mavuto ake monga chithokomiro ndi chithokomiro.
Akuti mmodzi mwa amayi asanu ndi atatu alionse padziko lapansi adzadwala matenda a chithokomiro panthaŵi ina m’moyo wake. Mwina ndinu mmodzi wa iwo.
m'nkhani "Kodi chithokomiro ndi chiyani", "matenda a chithokomiro ndi chiyani", "zizindikiro za chithokomiro ndi chiyani", "momwe mungachiritsire matenda a chithokomiro mwachilengedwe" mafunso ayankhidwa.
Kodi Matenda A Chithokomiro Odziwika Kwambiri Ndi Chiyani?
Matenda a chithokomiro ndi matenda a chithokomiro ndi zinthu zomwe zingasokoneze pafupifupi mbali zonse za moyo wathu.
Kuchokera ku zovuta zonenepa mpaka kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa, chithokomiro ndichofunikira kuti tisunge moyo wathu wakuthupi, wamaganizidwe ndi wamalingaliro.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mavuto a chithokomiro: hypothyroidism (chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito bwino) ndi hyperthyroidism (chithokomiro chochuluka kwambiri).
Ngakhale pali mavuto ena a chithokomiro, nthawi zambiri amagwera m'magulu awiriwa. hypothyroidismndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa vuto la chithokomiro. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism ndi amayi, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zobereka kapena zaka zapakati.
Mahomoni awiri ofunika kwambiri opangidwa ndi chithokomiro ndi T3 (triiodothyronine) ndi T4 (thyroxine). Mahomoni awiriwa omwe amatuluka m’chithokomiro amasintha mpweya ndi ma calories kukhala mphamvu, zomwe zimawalola kupita ku thupi kudzera m’magazi.
Mphamvu imeneyi ndi yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwachidziwitso, kuwongolera maganizo, kagayidwe kachakudya ndi zina zambiri.
Ayodini ve selenium Zakudya zambiri zimagwira ntchito yofunika koma nthawi zambiri imanyalanyazidwa pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa chithokomiro.
Iodine ndi amino acid (zomangamanga za mapuloteni) amasinthidwa ndi chithokomiro kukhala mahomoni T3 ndi T4.
Zizindikiro ndi Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda a Chithokomiro
hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism ndi chithokomiro chochuluka kwambiri. Hyperthyroidism imakhudza pafupifupi 1 peresenti ya amayi. Sichifala kwambiri mwa amuna.
Matenda a Graves ndi omwe amayambitsa hyperthyroidism, omwe amakhudza pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi chithokomiro chochuluka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa chithokomiro - matenda otchedwa toxic nodular goiter kapena multinodular goiter - angayambitse chithokomiro kutulutsa mahomoni.
Kupanga kwambiri kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumabweretsa zizindikiro monga:
- kusakhazikika
-Kukwiya
- Kugunda kwa mtima
- Kuchuluka thukuta
- Nkhawa
- mavuto ogona
- Kupatulira khungu
- Tsitsi ndi zikhadabo zong'ambika
- kufooka kwa minofu
- kuchepa thupi
- Kutupa kwamaso (m'matenda a Graves)
Kuyeza magazi kumayesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (thyroxine kapena T4) ndi mahomoni olimbikitsa a chithokomiro (TSH) m'magazi. Kuchuluka kwa thyroxine ndi kuchepa kwa TSH kumasonyeza kuti chithokomiro chimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism ndi yosiyana ndi hyperthyroidism. Chithokomiro sichigwira ntchito bwino ndipo sichingathe kupanga mahomoni okwanira.
Hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa matenda a Hashimoto, opaleshoni yochotsa chithokomiro, kapena chithandizo cha radiation.
Kuchepa kwambiri kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumabweretsa zizindikiro monga:
- Kutopa
- Kuuma khungu
- Kuchuluka kwa kuzizira
- Mavuto a kukumbukira
- Kudzimbidwa
- kukhumudwa
- Kuonda
- Kufooka
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima pang'onopang'ono
- koma
Dokotala adzayesa magazi kuti ayese mlingo wa TSH ndi hormone ya chithokomiro. Kuchuluka kwa TSH komanso kuchepa kwa thyroxine kungatanthauze kuti chithokomiro sichigwira ntchito.
Chithandizo chachikulu cha hypothyroidism ndi kumwa mapiritsi a mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kupeza mlingo woyenera n'kofunika chifukwa kumwa kwambiri mahomoni a chithokomiro kungayambitse zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism.
Matenda a Hashimoto
Matenda a HashimotoKomanso amatchedwa chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Zitha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma ndizofala kwambiri mwa amayi apakati.
Matendawa amapezeka pamene chitetezo cha m’thupi chikuukira molakwika ndipo pang’onopang’ono chimawononga chithokomiro komanso mphamvu yake yotulutsa mahomoni.
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a Hashimoto ochepa sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu. Matendawa amatha kukhala okhazikika kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo zizindikiro zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosadziwika bwino.
Komanso sizinthu zenizeni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatsanzira zizindikiro zazinthu zina zambiri. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:
- Kutopa
- kukhumudwa
- Kudzimbidwa
- Kuwonda pang'ono
- Kuuma khungu
- Tsitsi louma, lochepa thupi
-Nkhope yotuwa, yotuwa
- Kutaya magazi kwambiri komanso kusakhazikika kwa msambo
- kusalolera kuzizira
- Kukulitsa chithokomiro kapena goiter
Kuyesa mulingo wa TSH nthawi zambiri ndi gawo loyamba lowunika matenda aliwonse a chithokomiro. Ngati mukukumana ndi zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, dokotala wanu adzalamula kuti ayese magazi kuti ayang'ane mlingo wochepa wa mahomoni a chithokomiro (T3 kapena T4) komanso kuchuluka kwa TSH.
Matenda a Hashimoto ndi matenda a autoimmune, motero kuyezetsa magazi kumawonetsanso ma antibodies omwe amawononga chithokomiro.
Palibe mankhwala odziwika bwino a matenda a Hashimoto. Mankhwala olowa m'malo mwa mahomoni nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza milingo ya mahomoni a chithokomiro kapena kuchepetsa milingo ya TSH.
Zingathandizenso kuthetsa zizindikiro za matendawa. Nthawi zambiri Hashimoto yapamwamba, opaleshoni ingakhale yofunikira kuchotsa mbali kapena zonse za chithokomiro. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka msanga ndipo amakhala okhazikika kwa zaka zambiri pamene akupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono.
Matenda a Manda
Matenda a MandaDzinali linatchedwa dzina la dokotala amene anazifotokoza zaka zoposa 150 zapitazo.
Graves' ndi matenda a autoimmune omwe amachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chikaukira chithokomiro molakwika. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti chithokomiro chizitulutsa mopitilira muyeso mahomoni omwe amawongolera kagayidwe.
Matendawa amatengera kwa makolo ndipo amatha kukula mwa amuna kapena akazi pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma amapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 30. Zowopsa zimaphatikizapo kupsinjika, kutenga pakati komanso kusuta.
Pamene m'magazi muli mlingo waukulu wa mahomoni a chithokomiro, machitidwe a thupi amafulumira, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism. Izi:
Kuyeza thupi pang'onopang'ono kungasonyeze zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa chithokomiro, kukula kwa maso, kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Dokotala adzalamulanso kuyezetsa magazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa T4 komanso kutsika kwa TSH, zonse zomwe zili zizindikiro za matenda a Graves.
Mayeso otengera ayodini a radioactive angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyeza momwe chithokomiro chimatengera ayodini mwachangu. Kumwa ayodini wambiri kumagwirizana ndi matenda a Graves.
Palibe chithandizo chomwe chingalepheretse chitetezo cha mthupi kulimbana ndi chithokomiro ndikupangitsa kuti apange mahomoni ochulukirapo.
Komabe, zizindikiro za matenda a Graves zingathe kulamuliridwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
Chiwombankhanga
Goiter ndi kukulitsa kopanda khansa kwa chithokomiro. Chomwe chimayambitsa goiter padziko lonse lapansi ndikusowa kwa ayodini m'zakudya. Ofufuza akuti goiter imakhudza anthu 800 miliyoni mwa anthu 200 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi omwe alibe ayodini.
Goiter ingakhudze anthu a misinkhu yonse, makamaka m’madera ena padziko lapansi kumene zakudya zokhala ndi ayodini zilibe mphamvu.
Komabe, goiter ndi yofala kwambiri akakwanitsa zaka 40 komanso kwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro. Zifukwa zina zowopsa ndizo mbiri yachipatala, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake, kukhala ndi pakati, ndi kuyanika kwa radiation.
Kuyeza magazi kudzawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, TSH, ndi ma antibodies m'magazi. Izi zidzazindikira matenda a chithokomiro, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa goiter. Kutupa kwa chithokomiro kapena tinatake tozungulira kungafufuzidwe ndi ultrasound.
Matenda a goiter amachiritsidwa pokhapokha atakula kwambiri moti angayambitse zizindikiro. Ngati goiter imayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini, mlingo wochepa wa ayodini ukhoza kutengedwa.
Ma radioactive ayodini amatha kufooketsa chithokomiro. Opaleshoni idzachotsa zonse kapena gawo la gland. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizana, chifukwa goiter nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha hyperthyroidism.
zilonda za chithokomiro
Mitsempha ya chithokomiro ndi timinofu tambiri tomwe timapanga mkati kapena mkati mwa chithokomiro. Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chake sichidziwika nthawi zonse, chikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa ayodini ndi matenda a Hashimoto. Manodule amatha kukhala olimba kapena odzaza madzimadzi.
Ambiri amakhala abwino, koma pang'onopang'ono amatha kukhala ndi khansa. Mofanana ndi mavuto ena okhudzana ndi chithokomiro, minyewa imakhala yofala kwambiri mwa amayi kuposa amuna, ndipo chiopsezo cha amuna ndi akazi chimawonjezeka ndi zaka.
Mitsempha yambiri ya chithokomiro sichimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, ngati atakula mokwanira, angayambitse kutupa m'khosi ndikuyambitsa kupuma ndi kumeza, kupweteka, ndi goiter.
Manodule ena amatulutsa timadzi ta chithokomiro ndipo timachulukirachulukira m'magazi. Izi zikachitika, zizindikiro zimakhala zofanana ndi hyperthyroidism ndipo ndi:
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima kwakukulu
-Kukwiya
- kuchuluka kwa njala
- kugwedeza
- kuchepa thupi
- Khungu lonyowa
Kumbali ina, ngati tinatake tozungulira tikugwirizana ndi matenda a Hashimoto, zizindikiro zidzakhala zofanana ndi hypothyroidism. Izi ndi:
Matenda a khansa ndi osowa kwambiri. Mankhwala omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi adokotala amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chotupacho. Kuchotsa chithokomiro pa opaleshoni nthawi zambiri ndiko kusankha kosankha.
Chithandizo cha radiation nthawi zina chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opaleshoni kapena popanda opaleshoni. Chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofunikira ngati khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina zathupi.
Zowopsa pa Matenda a Chithokomiro
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chithokomiro, monga chibadwa, zizoloŵezi za moyo, kugona mochepa, ndi kudya zakudya zolakwika.
Odwala ambiri (koma osati onse) a hypothyroid akusowa ayodini (zambiri za hypothyroidism padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini) - kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa ayodini kungathandize kuti chithokomiro chitulutse mahomoni ofunikira.
Iodine ndi mchere wofunikira womwe umathandizira kusintha ndikutulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro. udzu wanyanja Mutha kupeza ayodini kuchokera ku mkaka wosaphika, tirigu, ndi nsomba zamtchire monga tuna.
Mankhwala otsika a ayodini angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ayodini (monga kumwa kwambiri mankhwala owonjezera) kungapangitse zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro, choncho musamamwe mankhwala owonjezera popanda kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Selenium imathandiza kuti ma hormone a T4 azikhala bwino, choncho yesani kudya zakudya zokhala ndi selenium zambiri monga mtedza wa Brazil, sipinachi, adyo, tuna kapena sardine zam'chitini, ng'ombe, Turkey, ndi chiwindi cha ng'ombe.
matenda a celiac kapena omwe ali ndi vuto la autoimmune akusowa kwambiri selenium, kotero kuti pangafunike kufunikira kowonjezera pazochitikazi.
Njira ya Benzer zinc mchere komanso mavitamini a B (makamaka vitamini B12) ndi ofunikira pa thanzi la chithokomiro. Magwero abwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala mapuloteni anyama (ng'ombe, Turkey, mazira, etc.)
Pewani kupsinjika ndi kupuma mokwanira
Mukakhala pansi pa kupsinjika kwa thupi kapena m'maganizo monga nkhawa, kutopa, kukwiya, thupi likhoza kukhala lokhudzidwa ndi mahomoni opanikizika monga adrenaline ndi cortisol akuwonjezeka.
Izi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa monga kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya magazi, kuwonjezereka kwa minofu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kumalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mapuloteni otupa ndi ma antibodies omwe amatha kupondereza chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuwononga chithokomiro.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chimodzi chomwe anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni monga libido, mavuto a chonde, kusinthasintha kwa maganizo.
Kupsyinjika ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa mozama kuti mupewe kulemetsa kwambiri kwa endocrine glands ndipo ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kupsinjika maganizo.
Yesetsani kuthana ndi nkhawa mwachibadwa. Monga kugona maola asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi anayi usiku uliwonse, kusinkhasinkha, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kulemba zolemba, kulowa m'gulu lothandizira, kulimbana ndi zizolowezi, ndi kuchita zinthu zosangalatsa.
Chepetsani Poizoni
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayambitsa poizoni wamankhwala, monga mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kapena m'malo mwa mahomoni, kukongola kwamalonda ndi zinthu zoyeretsera, kuchucha m'matumbo ndipo amathandizira ku zotupa.
ma probioticsNdiwothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi mavuto am'mimba komanso kukonza chitetezo chokwanira. Itha kuthandizira kukhazikika komanso kuthandizira ntchito za adrenal / chithokomiro.
Ma probiotics, omwe amadziwika kuti "mabakiteriya abwino" m'matumbo omwe amalankhulana ndi ubongo za thanzi la thupi lonse, amapezeka muzakudya monga mkaka wothira (yoghurt kapena kefir), ndi masamba ena.
Njira zodzitetezera pochiza matenda a chithokomiro
Popeza zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro monga kutopa, kupweteka kwa minofu, kusinthasintha kwa maganizo, ndi kuvutika maganizo kungayambitsidwenso ndi matenda ena osiyanasiyana, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati zizindikirozo zakula kwambiri. Mukatsimikizira kuti muli ndi matenda a chithokomiro, mukhoza kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira.
Hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini. Koma nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kawopsedwe wa heavy metal monga mercury.
Zitsulo zolemera kuchokera ku amalgam fillings zimatha kusokoneza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndi ntchito ya chithokomiro. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchepetsa zotsatira za poizoni kuti athetse vuto la chithokomiro.
Kuonjezera kelp ku zakudya zanu kapena kumwa mapiritsi a kelp kungathandize kukonza kusowa kwa ayodini. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi, muyenera kusamala ndikufunsana ndi dokotala kuti mupeze ndalama zoyenera. Pamene kuchuluka koyenera sikutengedwa, mukhoza kuthana ndi hyperthyroidism.
