Mchere wogwirizanitsa Ndi puloteni yomwe imapezeka mumbewu zina monga tirigu, rye, ndi balere.
Zimathandiza kusunga mawonekedwe a zakudya popereka elasticity ndi chinyezi. Zimathandizanso kukwera kwa mkate ndikupanga mawonekedwe a porous.
Mchere wogwirizanitsaNgakhale zili zotetezeka kwa anthu ambiri, matenda a celiac kapena kusalolera kwa gluten Anthu omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe monga gluteni ayenera kukhala kutali ndi gluten kuti ateteze zotsatira zake zoipa pa thanzi.
Zakudya zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zosakaniza za gluteni, kotero iwo omwe sangathe kudya gluteni ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zolemba zomwe zili m'zakudya.
Manyowa Nthawi zambiri amalimidwa ngati mbewu komanso chakudya cha ziweto. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga manyuchi a manyuchi, mtundu wa zotsekemera, komanso zakumwa zina zoledzeretsa.
Mbewu iyi yopanda gluteni imakhala ndi mankhwala opindulitsa a chomera monga ma antioxidants ochepetsa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni komanso chiwopsezo cha matenda osatha.
Kafukufuku wa 2010 pachubu ndi nyama adapeza kuti manyuchi ali ndi mphamvu zotsutsa zotupa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwamafuta am'mera.
Kuonjezera apo, manyuchi ali ndi fiber zambiri ndipo amathandiza kuti shuga m'magazi akhazikike pochepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga.
Kafukufuku wina adayerekeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi insulini mwa anthu 10 atadya muffin wopangidwa ndi manyuchi kapena ufa wa tirigu. Manyowa adachepetsa kwambiri shuga wamagazi ndi insulini kuposa muffin wa tirigu wonse.
Chikho chimodzi (ma gramu 192) cha manyuchi chili ndi magalamu 12 a fiber, magalamu 22 a mapuloteni ndi pafupifupi theka la ayironi yomwe mumafunikira patsiku.
Kinoyayakhala imodzi mwa mbewu zodziwika bwino za gluten. Zimasinthasintha, komanso zimakhala ndi fiber komanso mapuloteni opangidwa ndi zomera.
Ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zathanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi ma antioxidants ambiri omwe angakhale opindulitsa pochepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ena.
Kuphatikiza apo, quinoa imakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwazakudya zochepa zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndi mapuloteni athunthu.
Ngakhale kuti zakudya zambiri zamasamba zilibe amino acid imodzi kapena ziwiri zofunika m'matupi athu, quinoa ili ndi zonse zisanu ndi zitatu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale gwero labwino kwambiri la mapuloteni.
Chikho chimodzi (185 magalamu) cha quinoa yophika chimapereka 8 magalamu a mapuloteni ndi 5 magalamu a fiber. Imakhalanso yodzaza ndi micronutrients ndipo imakwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku za magnesium, manganese, ndi phosphorous.
Kafukufuku wina wa nyama adapeza kuti mapira amachepetsa ma triglycerides amagazi komanso kutupa kwa makoswe.
Kafukufuku wina adawona zotsatira za zakudya pamilingo ya shuga m'magazi mwa odwala asanu ndi mmodzi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti mapira adayambitsa kutsika kwa glycemic ndikutsitsa shuga wamagazi poyerekeza ndi mpunga ndi tirigu.
Chikho chimodzi (174 magalamu) cha mapira ophika chimakhala ndi 2 magalamu a fiber, 6 magalamu a mapuloteni ndi 19% ya zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku za magnesium.
Phala
Phala ndi wathanzi kwambiri. Ndiwonso amodzi mwamagwero abwino kwambiri a beta-glucan, mtundu wa ulusi wosungunuka womwe umapatsa thanzi.
Ndemanga ya kafukufuku 28 idapeza kuti beta-glucan idachepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa" ya LDL komanso cholesterol yonse popanda kukhudza cholesterol "yabwino" ya HDL.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti beta-glucan imatha kuchedwetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga ndikutsitsa shuga wamagazi ndi insulin.
1/4 chikho (39 magalamu) wa oats youma amapereka 4 magalamu a fiber ndi 7 magalamu a mapuloteni. Komanso ndi gwero labwino la phosphorous, magnesium ndi mavitamini a B.
Oats mwachibadwa alibe gluteni, koma mitundu yambiri ya oats ikhoza kukhala ndi gluten chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa kukula ndi kukonza.
Ngati muli ndi matenda a celiac kapena kutengeka kwa gluten, onetsetsani kuti mwagula oats omwe ali ovomerezeka komanso olembedwa kuti alibe gluten.
Buckwheat
Ngakhale dzina lake, buckwheat Ndi mbewu yofanana ndi tirigu yomwe ilibe gluteni ndipo ilibe kanthu kochita ndi tirigu.
Amapereka ma antioxidants awiri enieni: rutin ndi quercetin.
Kafukufuku wina wa zinyama amasonyeza kuti rutin akhoza kukhala opindulitsa pochepetsa zizindikiro za matenda a Alzheimer's. Quercetin, kumbali ina, amanenedwa kuti amachepetsa kutupa ndi kupsinjika kwa okosijeni.
Kugwiritsa ntchito buckwheat kungathandize kuchepetsa ziwopsezo za matenda amtima. Odya Buckwheat ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yapamwamba, ndi shuga wambiri.
Chikho chimodzi (170 magalamu) cha buckwheat chimapereka 17 magalamu a fiber, 23 magalamu a mapuloteni ndi oposa 90% ya zosowa zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku za magnesium, mkuwa ndi manganese.
amaranth
amaranthIli ndi mbiri yochuluka ngati imodzi mwazakudya zofunika kwambiri zachitukuko cha Inca, Maya, ndi Aztec. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi tirigu wopatsa thanzi wokhala ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
Kafukufuku wa 2014 adapeza kuti mankhwala a amaranth anali othandiza poletsa kutupa mwa anthu ndi mbewa poletsa kuyambitsa kwa metabolic komwe kumayambitsa kutupa.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa fiber, amaranth imatha kuchepetsa ziwopsezo zingapo za matenda amtima.
Zowonadi, kafukufuku wa nyama adapeza kuti amaranth amachepetsa onse amagazi triglycerides ndi milingo ya "zoyipa" za LDL cholesterol.
Kapu imodzi (246 magalamu) ya amaranth yophika imakhala ndi ma gramu 5 a fiber ndi ma gramu 9 a mapuloteni. Imakwaniritsa 29% ya chitsulo chofunikira tsiku lililonse ndipo imakhala ndi ma magnesium, phosphorous ndi manganese ambiri.
teff
Njere yaying'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi teff Ndi njere yaing’ono koma yamphamvu. Ngakhale ndi 1/100 yokha ya njere ya tirigu, ili ndi mbiri yabwino kwambiri yazakudya.
Imakwaniritsanso gawo lalikulu la fiber tsiku lililonse. Miyoyo Ndi gawo lofunikira lazakudya ndipo limapereka kuwonda, kuchepa kwa njala komanso kuyenda kwamatumbo nthawi zonse.
Chikho chimodzi (252 magalamu) cha teff yophika chimakhala ndi magalamu 10 a mapuloteni ndi ma gramu 7 a fiber. Lilinso ndi mavitamini a B ambiri, makamaka thiamine.
Kuti mupange zakudya zopanda gluteni, yesani ufa wa teff m'malo mwa ufa wa tirigu.
Egypt
EgyptNdi imodzi mwa mbewu zodziwika bwino za gluten zomwe zimadyedwa padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala ndi fiber yambiri, imakhala ndi carotenoids lutein ndi zeaxanthin.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti lutein ndi zeaxanthin zimapindulitsa thanzi la maso mwa kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ng'ala komanso kuwonongeka kwa macular komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba, zifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimachititsa kuti masomphenya awonongeke mwa okalamba.
Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti omwe amadya kwambiri carotenoids anali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha 43% cha kuchepa kwa macular okhudzana ndi ukalamba poyerekeza ndi omwe amadya pang'ono.
1/2 chikho (83 magalamu) cha chimanga chachikasu chili ndi 6 magalamu a fiber ndi 8 magalamu a mapuloteni. Ilinso ndi magnesium, vitamini B6, thiamine, manganese ndi selenium.
mpunga wabulauni
Ngakhale mpunga wa bulauni ndi woyera umachokera ku njere imodzi, njere ndi nyongolosi ya njerezo zimachotsedwa pokonza mpunga woyera.
Chifukwa chake, mpunga wabulauniimakhala ndi fiber yambiri komanso ma micronutrients ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zathanzi mbewu zopanda glutenamapanga chimodzi mwa izo.
Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mpunga ndi yopanda gluteni, koma kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kudya mpunga wa bulauni m'malo mwa mpunga woyera kumapereka mapindu ena azaumoyo.
Ndipotu kudya mpunga wofiirira m’malo mwa mpunga woyera kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a mtima.
Chikho chimodzi (195 magalamu) cha mpunga wofiirira chili ndi magalamu 4 a fiber ndi ma gramu 5 a mapuloteni. Imakwaniritsanso gawo labwino la zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku za magnesium ndi selenium.
Zakudya Zokhala ndi Gluten Zoyenera Kupewa
- Tirigu, mitundu yonse
– Rye
- Balere
-Triticale
Mbewu zokhala ndi gluteni nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu monga buledi, crackers, pasitala, chimanga, zophika, ndi zakudya zokhwasula-khwasula.
Zipatso ndi Zamasamba Zopanda Gluten
Zipatso zonse zatsopano ndi ndiwo zamasamba mwachibadwa zimakhala zopanda gluten. Komabe, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zokonzedwanso zimatha kukhala ndi gluten, zomwe nthawi zina zimawonjezeredwa ngati zotsekemera kapena zonenepa.
Zinthu zokhala ndi Gluten zomwe zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mapuloteni a hydrolyzed tirigu, wowuma wosinthidwa, chimera ndi maltodextrin Lili.
Ngakhale mndandanda womwe uli pansipa siwokwanira, umapereka zitsanzo za zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe mungadye pazakudya zopanda gluteni.
- Zipatso za citrus, kuphatikiza malalanje ndi manyumwa
- Nthochi
- Apulosi
- Zipatso
- Pichesi
- Peyala
- Zamasamba za Cruciferous, kuphatikiza kolifulawa ndi broccoli
- Zobiriwira monga sipinachi, kale, ndi chard
- Zamasamba zokhuthala, kuphatikizapo mbatata, chimanga, ndi zukini
- Tsabola
- Bowa
- Anyezi
- Karoti
- Radishi
- Zitheba
Zipatso ndi Zamasamba Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira pa Gluten
Zopaka zipatso ndi masamba
Ikhoza kukhala zamzitini ndi sauces okhala ndi gluten. Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zamzitini ndi madzi kapena timadziti tachilengedwe zimakhala zopanda gilateni.
Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zowumitsidwa
Nthawi zina, zokometsera ndi sauces zomwe zili ndi gluten zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa. Mitundu yowongoka yopanda madzi nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda gilateni.
Zipatso zouma ndi ndiwo zamasamba
Itha kukhala ndi zosakaniza za gilateni. Zipatso zosalala, zopanda shuga, zouma ndi ndiwo zamasamba zilibe gluten.
Mapuloteni Opanda Gluten
Zakudya zambiri zimakhala ndi mapuloteni, kuphatikizapo nyama ndi zomera. Ambiri mwachibadwa amakhala opanda gluteni.
Komabe, zosakaniza za gluteni monga msuzi wa soya, ufa, ndi vinyo wosasa wa malt nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodzaza kapena zokometsera. Zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku sauces ndi marinades, nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zamapuloteni.
Mapuloteni Oyenera Kuganiziridwa Chifukwa cha Gluten
- Nyama zophikidwa monga ma hot dog, soseji, soseji, salami ndi nyama yankhumba
- Zosintha nyama monga ma burger a veggie
- nyama zozizira
- Mince
- Mapuloteni ophatikizidwa ndi sosi kapena zokometsera
- Mapuloteni okonzeka, monga chakudya cha microwave.
Mapuloteni Oyenera Kupewa
- Nyama iliyonse, nkhuku kapena nsomba yokhala ndi mkate
- Mapuloteni ophatikizidwa ndi msuzi wa soya wa tirigu
-Setani
Zamkaka Zopanda Gluten
Zakudya zambiri zamkaka mwachilengedwe zimakhala zopanda gluten. Komabe, zomwe zimakhala zokongoletsedwa komanso zokhala ndi zowonjezera ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kawiri kwa gluten.
Zosakaniza zina zomwe zimakhala ndi gluteni zomwe zingathe kuwonjezeredwa ku mkaka ndi thickener, malt, ndi wowuma wosinthidwa.
Kodi Zakudya Zamkaka Zopanda Gluten Ndi Chiyani?
- Mkaka
- Butter
- Tchizi
- Kirimu
- Tchizi cha koteji
- Kirimu wowawasa
- Yoghurt
Zakudya Zamkaka Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira za Gluten
- Mkaka wokoma ndi yoghuti
- Zinthu zopangidwa ndi tchizi monga ma sosi a tchizi
- Nthawi zina ayisikilimu wosakanikirana ndi zowonjezera za gluteni
Zamkaka Zoyenera Kupewa
- Zakudya zamkaka zamkaka
Mafuta ndi Mafuta Opanda Gluten
Mafuta ndi mafuta mwachibadwa alibe gluten. Nthawi zina, zosakaniza za gluten zimatha kusakanikirana ndi mafuta ndi mafuta kuti azikometsera ndi kukhuthala.
Kodi Mafuta Opanda Gluten Ndi Chiyani?
- Butter
- Mafuta a azitona
- Mafuta a Avocado
- mafuta a kokonati
- Mafuta a masamba ndi mbewu monga mafuta a sesame, mafuta a canola ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa
Mafuta ndi Mafuta Oyenera Kupewa
- Kuphika utsi
- Mafuta okhala ndi zokometsera kapena zonunkhira
Zakumwa Zopanda Gluten
Pali mitundu ina ya zakumwa zopanda gluten zomwe zilipo.
Komabe, zakumwa zina zimasakanizidwa ndi zowonjezera zomwe zili ndi gluten monga chopangira. Kuphatikiza apo, zakumwa zina zoledzeretsa zimapangidwa ndi chimera, balere ndi mbewu zina zokhala ndi gluteni motero ziyenera kupewedwa pazakudya zopanda gilateni.
Kodi Zakumwa Zopanda Gluten Ndi Chiyani?
- Ake
- 100% madzi
- Khofi
- Tiyi
- Zakumwa zamasewera, soda ndi zakumwa zopatsa mphamvu
- Chakumwa chamandimu
Dziwani kuti ngakhale zakumwazi zilibe gluteni, ambiri aiwo amafunikira kusamala chifukwa cha shuga wawo wowonjezera ndi mowa.
Zina zomwe zimakhala ndi gluteni zomwe zimawonjezeredwa ku zokometsera, sauces, ndi zokometsera ndizosinthidwa zakudya, maltodextrin, malt, ndi ufa wa tirigu.
Zokometsera Zopanda Gluten, Misosi, ndi Zokometsera
- Viniga woyera, viniga wosungunuka ndi viniga wa apulo cider
Zokometsera, Sauce, ndi Zokometsera Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira
- Ketchup ndi mpiru
- Msuzi wa tomato
- Mapiritsi
- Msuzi wa BBQ
- Mayonesi
- Kukonzekera kwa saladi
- Msuzi wa pasitala
– Zowuma zonunkhira
- salsa
- Bouillon cubes
- Zosakaniza za sauce
Zokometsera, Sauce ndi Zosakaniza Zoyenera Kupewa
- Msuzi wa soya wopangidwa ndi tirigu
- vinyo wosasa
Kutchuka; Ndiwofala pazakudya zambiri, kuphatikiza mkate, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi Zakudyazi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati thickener mu sauces ndi soups.
Kodi Ufa Wopanda Gluten Ndi Chiyani?
Mankhwala ambiri amapangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu. Pali mitundu ingapo pamsika, iliyonse ili ndi kukoma kwake, kapangidwe kake, komanso kadyedwe kosiyanasiyana. ufa wopanda gluten palinso. Nawu mndandanda wa ufa wopanda gluteni…
Ufa wa Almond
ufa wa amondi Ndi imodzi mwa ufa wopanda gluten womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku amondi pansi pochotsa chipolopolocho.
Chikho chimodzi cha ufa wa amondi chili ndi maamondi pafupifupi 90. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika mkate ndipo ndi njira yopanda tirigu pazinyenyeswazi za mkate.
Unga wa Buckwheat
Ufa wa Buckwheat umapereka kukoma kokoma ndipo ndi wabwino pophika mikate ya chotupitsa. Ufa wa Buckwheat umakhalanso ndi ma antioxidants ambiri, makamaka polyphenols, omwe ali ndi anti-inflammatory properties.
Ufa wa Mazi
Ufa wa manyuchi umapangidwa kuchokera kumbewu zakale zomwe zakhalapo kwa zaka zopitilira 5000. Mbewu mwachilengedwe imakhala yopanda gilateni.
Ufa wa manyuchi ukhoza kuipitsidwa ndi gilateni panthawi yokonza. Samalani ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha gluten.
Amaranth Flour
Ufa wa Amaranth ndi ufa wopatsa thanzi. Itha kusintha ufa wokwana 25% wa ufa wa tirigu koma uyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi ufa wina pophika.
Chifukwa amaranth samakulitsidwa m'minda yomweyi ndi tirigu, chiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwa gluten ndi chochepa.
Teff Flour
Ufa wa Teff umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zina monga zikondamoyo, chimanga, buledi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula. Itha kusinthidwa ndi 25 mpaka 50% ya tirigu kapena ufa wacholinga chonse.
Ufa wa Teff uli ndi mapuloteni ambiri, omwe amawonjezera kukhudzika komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa chilakolako.
Mofanana ndi mbewu zina ndi ufa, kuti ufa wa teff ukhale wopanda gluten 100%, m'pofunika kuyang'ana kumene umakonzedwa.
Arrowroot Flour
Ufa wa Arrowroot ndi ufa wochepa wa gluteni komanso wopanda tirigu. maranta arundinacea Amapangidwa kuchokera ku chinthu chokhuthala chochokera ku chomera chotentha chotchedwa
Ufa wosiyanasiyana, ukhoza kusakanizidwa ndi ufa wa amondi, kokonati kapena tapioca wa maphikidwe a mkate ndi mchere.
Ufa umenewu uli ndi potaziyamu, mavitamini a B ndi chitsulo. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti imalimbikitsa maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo imatha kuonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi.
Brown Rice Flour
Ufa wa mpunga wa bulauni umapangidwa kuchokera ku mpunga wabulauni. Ndi ufa wa tirigu wonse.
Ufa wa mpunga wa bulauni nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga Zakudyazi ndipo ukhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi ufa wina wopanda gilateni wa buledi, ma cookie ndi maphikidwe a keke.
Chimanga cha chimanga chimabwera mumitundu yoyera ndi yachikasu ndipo chimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi ufa wina wopanda gluteni kuti mupange mkate.
Ili ndi fiber yambiri komanso gwero labwino la carotenoids lutein ndi zeaxanthin.
Kuipitsidwa m'njira zambiri kumachitika muzakudya zopangidwa ndi chimanga. Ngakhale chimanga chimatha kukhala ndi ufa wokhazikika.
Chickpea Flour
Nkhukundi gawo la banja la nyemba. Ufa wawo umapangidwa kuchokera ku nandolo zouma ndipo umatchedwanso ufa wa gramu ndi besan.
Nkhuku ndi gwero labwino la fiber ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi zomera. Zakudya zimenezi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti chigayo chichepe, kulimbikitsa kukhuta, ndi kuchepetsa kulemera kwa thupi.
unga wa ngano Ndilo kuchuluka kwa mchere wa magnesium ndi potaziyamu, zomwe zimathandizira kuti mtima ukhale wathanzi.
Ufa wa Coconut
unga wa kokonati Amapangidwa kuchokera ku nyama ya kokonati yosakanizidwa ndipo amapereka kokonati wofatsa.
Kuwala kwake kumapereka zotsatira zofanana ndi ufa wokhazikika ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ndi mchere. Dziwani kuti ufa wa kokonati umatenga madzi ambiri ukagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ufa wamba kapena wa amondi.
Mafuta odzaza amakhala ndi lauric acid yambiri. Sing'anga-chain triglyceride imapereka mphamvu m'thupi lanu ndipo, limodzi ndi ulusi wa ufa, zimathandizira kutsitsa cholesterol "yoyipa" ya LDL.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti fiber yomwe ili nayo imathandizira kuti shuga azikhala wathanzi, chifukwa sizimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso kukwera.
Tapioca Flour
Ufa wa tapioca umapangidwa kuchokera ku madzi owuma omwe amachotsedwa ku muzu wa chinangwa cha South America.
Ufa umenewu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera mu supu, sauces ndi makeke. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mkate ndi ufa wina wopanda gluteni.
Phindu limodzi pa thanzi la ufa wa tapioca ndi wowuma wosamva, womwe umagwira ntchito ngati fiber. Wowuma uyu, womwe umalimbana ndi kugaya chakudya, umalumikizidwa ndi kukhudzidwa kwa insulin, kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchepa kwa njala ndi zina zopindulitsa m'mimba.
Zofunika Kuziganizira pa Zolemba Zazakudya
Mndandanda wa zosakaniza ndi zowonjezera zakudya zomwe zingasonyeze kuti chinthu chili ndi gluten.
- Wowuma wosinthidwa wazakudya ndi maltodextrin (ngati apangidwa kuchokera ku tirigu, awonetsedwa palemba)
- Zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi malt kuphatikiza vinyo wosasa wa malt, chotsitsa cha malt ndi madzi a malt
- Gluten stabilizer
- msuzi wa soya kapena teriyaki
- Zosakaniza za tirigu monga mapuloteni a tirigu ndi ufa wa tirigu
