Kodi Matenda a Addison ndi Chiyani, Chifukwa Chiyani Amachitika? Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Ma adrenal glands amakhala pamwamba pa impso. Tizilombo timeneti timatulutsa timadzi tambiri timene timafunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Matenda a AddisonZimachitika pamene adrenal cortex yawonongeka ndipo adrenal glands samatulutsa mahomoni a steroid cortisol ndi aldosterone.

cortisolimayang'anira momwe thupi limayankhira pazovuta. Aldosterone imathandizira kuwongolera sodium ndi potaziyamu. Adrenal cortex imapanganso mahomoni ogonana (androgens).

Kodi Addison ndi chiyani?

Matenda a AddisonZimachitika pamene ma adrenal glands amunthu sapanga kuchuluka kokwanira kwa mahomoni angapo ofunikira, kuphatikiza cortisol ndipo nthawi zina aldosterone.matenda a adrenal insufficiency” ndi dzina lina la chikhalidwe chotchedwa

Ma adrenal glands amakhala pamwamba pa impso ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga mahomoni ngati adrenaline ndi corticosteroids, omwe amagwira ntchito zambiri panthawi yakupsinjika kwambiri komanso pakukhala moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. 

Mahomoniwa ndi ofunikira kuti akhalebe ndi homeostasis ndikutumiza "malangizo" ku ziwalo ndi minofu m'thupi. Matenda a AddisonMahomoni omwe amakhudzidwa ndi izi akuphatikizapo glucocorticoids (monga cortisol), mineralocorticoids (kuphatikizapo aldosterone), ndi androgens (mahomoni ogonana amuna).

Ngakhale kuti matendawa amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo nthawi zina, zizindikiro zimatha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala obwezeretsa mahomoni.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda a Addison

Kusokonezeka kwa adrenal gland

Kusokonekera kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni mu adrenal glands Matenda a Addisonzimayambitsa. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo matenda a autoimmune, chifuwa chachikulu, kapena vuto la majini.

Komabe, pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya ambiri matenda Addison a milandu chifukwa autoimmune zinthu.

Ma adrenal glands amasiya kupanga mahomoni a steroid okwanira (cortisol ndi aldosterone) pamene 90 peresenti ya adrenal cortex yawonongeka.

Mahomoniwa akangoyamba kuchepa, Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Addison zimayamba kuonekera.

matenda autoimmune

Chitetezo cha mthupi ndi njira yodzitetezera ku matenda, poizoni, kapena matenda. Munthu akadwala, chitetezo cha mthupi mwake chimapanga ma antibodies omwe amalimbana ndi chilichonse chomwe chimamupangitsa kudwala.

Chitetezo cha mthupi cha anthu ena chimayamba kuwononga minofu ndi ziwalo zathanzi - izi matenda a autoimmune Likutchedwa.

Matenda a Addison Pamenepa, chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira maselo a adrenal glands, kuchepetsa ntchito yawo pang'onopang'ono.

chifukwa cha vuto la autoimmune Matenda a Addison, autoimmune Addison matenda Amatchedwanso.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda a Autoimmune Addison

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti anthu ena omwe ali ndi majini ena amatha kukhala ndi vuto la autoimmune.

Matenda a AddisonNgakhale kuti chibadwa cha chikhalidwechi sichikumveka bwino, majini omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudzana ndi vutoli ndi amtundu wamtundu wotchedwa human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex.

Vutoli limathandizira chitetezo chamthupi kusiyanitsa pakati pa mapuloteni a thupi ndi omwe amapangidwa ndi ma virus ndi mabakiteriya.

Matenda a Autoimmune Addison odwala ambiri ndi hypothyroidism, mtundu 1 shuga kapena kukhala ndi matenda ena a autoimmune, monga vitiligo.

Chifuwa chachikulu

Chifuwa chachikulu (TB) ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe amakhudza mapapu ndipo amatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Ngati TB ifika ku adrenal glands, imatha kuwawononga kwambiri ndikusokoneza kupanga kwawo kwa mahomoni.

Odwala TB ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa adrenal glands, kutanthauza awo Matenda a Addison kumawonjezera mwayi wa chitukuko.

Popeza chifuwa chachikulu ndi chochepa tsopano, chifukwa cha vutoli Matenda a Addison milandu imakhalanso yosowa. Komabe, pali ziŵerengero zokwera m’maiko kumene TB ili vuto lalikulu.

Zifukwa zina

Matenda a Addison, imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza ma adrenal glands:

Kuwonongeka kwa majini komwe ma adrenal glands samakula bwino

- kutuluka magazi

Adrenalectomy - kuchotsa opaleshoni ya adrenal glands

- Amyloidosis

matenda monga HIV kapena matenda yisiti wamba

- Khansara yomwe yafalikira ku adrenal glands

adrenal insufficiency yachiwiri

Ngati chithokomiro cha pituitary chikudwala, ma adrenal glands amathanso kukhudzidwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, pituitary imatulutsa mahomoni adrenocorticotropic (ACTH). Hormoni iyi imapangitsa kuti adrenal glands apange mahomoni.

Ngati pituitary yawonongeka kapena yadwala, ACTH yocheperako imapangidwa ndipo, chifukwa chake, mahomoni ochepa amapangidwa ndi adrenal glands, ngakhale iwo sali odwala. Izi zimatchedwa secondary adrenal insufficiency.

Matenda a Steroid

Anthu ena omwe amamwa anabolic steroids, monga omanga thupi, Matenda a Addison chiopsezo ndi chachikulu. Kupanga mahomoni, makamaka chifukwa chomwa ma steroids kwa nthawi yayitali, kumatha kusokoneza mphamvu ya adrenal glands kupanga mahomoni athanzi - izi zitha kukulitsa chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matendawa.

Glucocorticoids monga cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, ndi dexamethasone amachita ngati cortisol. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, thupi limakhulupirira kuti pali kuwonjezeka kwa cortisol ndikupondereza ACTH.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchepa kwa ACTH kumapangitsa kuti ma hormoni ochepa apangidwe ndi adrenal glands.

Komanso, lupus Anthu omwe amamwa oral corticosteroids pamikhalidwe monga matenda otupa kapena matenda otupa am'mimba ndikusiya mwadzidzidzi amatha kukhala ndi vuto lachiwiri la adrenal insufficiency.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Matenda a Addison ndi Chiyani?

Matenda a Addison Anthu omwe ali ndi dandruff amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

- kufooka kwa minofu

- Kufooka ndi kutopa

- Kudetsedwa kwa khungu

- Kuwonda kapena kuchepa kwa njala

- Kutsika kwa mtima kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi

- Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi

– Zilonda m’kamwa

- Kulakalaka mchere

-Nseru

- kusanza

Matenda a Addison Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikiro za neuropsychiatric monga:

-Kukwiya kapena kukhumudwa

- Mphamvu zochepa

- Matenda a tulo

Matenda a Addison ngati simunalandire chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali, Mavuto a Addisonian akhoza kukhala. Mavuto a AddisonianZizindikiro zogwirizana ndi izi:

- Nkhawa ndi zowawa

- delirium

- Zowona komanso zomveka

wosachiritsidwa Mavuto a Addisonian zingayambitse mantha ndi imfa.

Ndani Ali Pachiwopsezo cha Matenda a Addison?

Anthu muzochitika izi: Matenda a Addison ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

- Amene ali ndi khansa

- Madera a Anticoagulant (ochepetsa magazi)

- Amene ali ndi matenda aakulu monga chifuwa chachikulu

- Omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni kuchotsa gawo lililonse la adrenal gland

- Omwe ali ndi matenda a autoimmune monga mtundu woyamba wa shuga kapena matenda a Graves

Kodi Matenda a Addison Amadziwika Bwanji?

Dokotala adzafunsa za mbiri yachipatala ndi zizindikiro zake. Adzayesa thupi ndikuyitanitsa mayeso a labu kuti awone kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu ndi sodium.

Dokotala athanso kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa kujambula ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Addison

Chithandizo cha matendawa chidzadalira chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli. Dokotala atha kupereka mankhwala omwe amawongolera adrenal glands.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira dongosolo lamankhwala lopangidwa ndi dokotala. osathandizidwa Matenda a Addison, Mavuto a Addisonianzomwe zingatsogolere.

Ngati vutoli silinalandire chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso Mavuto a Addisonian Ngati yapita patsogolo ku moyo pachiswe amatchedwa

Mavuto a Addisonianzimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, potaziyamu wambiri komanso kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala

Zingakhale zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza a glucocorticoid (mankhwala oletsa kutupa) kuti achiritse matendawa. Mankhwalawa adzamwedwa moyo wonse.

M'malo mwa mahomoni atha kuperekedwa m'malo mwa mahomoni omwe ma adrenal gland sakupanga.

Chithandizo Chachilengedwe cha Matenda a Addison

idyani mchere wokwanira

Matenda a AddisonZingayambitse kuchepa kwa aldosterone, zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa mchere. Yesani kupeza zomwe mukufunikira kuti muwonjezere mchere kuchokera ku zakudya zopatsa thanzi monga msuzi ndi mchere wa m'nyanja.

Tengani calcium ndi vitamini D

Kutenga mankhwala a corticosteroid kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufooka kwa mafupa ndi kutayika kwa mafupa, zomwe sizokwanira. kashiamu ndipo zikutanthauza kuti kudya vitamini D ndikofunikira kuti mafupa akhale ndi thanzi. 

Kudya kwa calcium kungawonjezeke mwa kudya zakudya za mkaka monga mkaka wosaphika, yoghurt, kefir ndi tchizi chofufumitsa, masamba obiriwira monga kabichi ndi broccoli, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi calcium zambiri monga sardines, nyemba ndi amondi.

Vitamini D Njira yabwino yowonjezerera milingo yanu mwachilengedwe ndiyo kukhala padzuwa tsiku lililonse khungu likuwonekera.

Tengani zakudya zotsutsana ndi kutupa

Zakudya / zakumwa zochepetsera kapena kupewa kuti zithandizire chitetezo chamthupi ndi izi:

Mowa wambiri kapena caffeine, zomwe zingasokoneze kugona komanso kuyambitsa nkhawa kapena kupsinjika maganizo

Magwero ambiri a shuga ndi zotsekemera (kuphatikiza madzi a chimanga a fructose, maswiti opakidwa, ndi mbewu zoyengedwa)

- Pewani zakudya zopakidwa ndi zosinthidwa momwe mungathere chifukwa zili ndi mitundu yambiri yazinthu zopangira, zoteteza, shuga, ndi zina.

- Mafuta a masamba opangidwa ndi haidrojeni komanso oyeretsedwa (soya, canola, safflower, mpendadzuwa ndi chimanga)

M'malo mwake ndi zakudya zachirengedwe, zosayeretsedwa ngati n'kotheka. Zina mwazosankha zabwino zomwe zikuphatikizidwa muzakudya zoletsa kutupa ndi monga:

- Mafuta achilengedwe, athanzi (monga mafuta a azitona)

- Zamasamba zambiri (makamaka masamba onse amasamba ndi masamba a cruciferous monga kolifulawa, broccoli, mphukira za Brussels)

- Nsomba zogwidwa kuthengo (monga salimoni, mackerel kapena sardines, zomwe zimapereka omega-3 fatty acids odana ndi kutupa)

- Zakudya zabwino kwambiri za nyama zomwe zimadyetsedwa ndi udzu, zoweta msipu ndi zachilengedwe (monga mazira, ng'ombe, nkhuku ndi Turkey)

-Zamasamba zam'nyanja monga zam'nyanja (zochuluka za ayodini kuti zithandizire chithokomiro cha chithokomiro)

- mchere wa Celtic kapena Himalayan

- Zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri monga sitiroberi, njere za chia, njere za fulakisi ndi masamba okhuthala

- Zakudya zopatsa thanzi monga kombucha, sauerkraut, yoghurt ndi kefir

- Ginger, turmeric, parsley, etc. zitsamba ndi zonunkhira

kusamalira kupsinjika

Muzigona mokwanira komanso muzipuma mokwanira. Yesetsani kugona maola asanu ndi atatu mpaka 10 usiku uliwonse, malingana ndi zosowa zanu.

Njira zina zothandizira kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi monga:

- Kuchita zoseweretsa kapena zosangalatsa tsiku lililonse

- kusinkhasinkha 

- Njira zopumula zopumira

- Kuthera nthawi kunja, padzuwa komanso m'chilengedwe

- Kusunga dongosolo lokhazikika lantchito komanso loyenera

- Kudya nthawi zonse komanso kupewa zinthu zambiri zolimbikitsa monga mowa, shuga ndi caffeine

- Pezani thandizo la akatswiri pakafunika kuthana ndi zochitika zazikulu pamoyo kapena zoopsa

Zowonjezera zomwe zimathandizira kuyankha kupsinjika

Zina zowonjezera zimatha kuthandizira chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuthana ndi nkhawa. Zitsanzo zomwe zingagwire ntchito ndi:

- Bowa wamankhwala monga reishi ndi cordyceps

- Zitsamba za Adaptogen monga ashwagandha ndi astragalus

- ginseng

- Magnesium

- Omega-3 mafuta acids

- Pamodzi ndi ma probiotic supplement, kutenga ma multivitamin abwino omwe amapereka mavitamini a B, vitamini D, ndi calcium angathandizenso thanzi lamatumbo ndi kuteteza kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Kodi Chimachitika ndi Chiyani Ngati Matenda a Addison Sakuthandizidwa?

choncho vuto la adrenalNgati ikupita patsogolo ndipo ikapanda kuthandizidwa, anthu amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa komanso kufa mwadzidzidzi, choncho ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa mozama kwambiri.

vuto la adrenal kulowererapo nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo jekeseni wa mlingo waukulu wa steroids, madzimadzi, ndi electrolytes kuti athandize kubwezeretsa ntchito ya adrenal ndi pituitary glands.

Matenda a Addison Kodi mumakhala? Mutha kusiya ndemanga.