Kodi Hyperchloremia ndi Hypochloremia ndi Chiyani, Amathandizidwa Bwanji?

Chloride ndiye anion wamkulu yemwe amapezeka m'madzi ndi magazi kunja kwa maselo. Anion ndi gawo loyipa la zinthu zina monga mchere wa patebulo (NaCl) ukasungunuka m'madzi. Madzi a m’nyanja amakhala ndi ma chloride pafupifupi ofanana ndi madzi a anthu.

Chloride ion balance (Cl - ) amayendetsedwa bwino ndi thupi. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa kloridi kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zovulaza komanso zakupha. Chloride nthawi zambiri imatayika mumkodzo, thukuta, ndi kutuluka m'mimba. Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, kusanza, ndi kutaya kwambiri kwa adrenal gland ndi matenda a impso zimatha kuchitika.

m'nkhani "Kodi chlorine yotsika ndi chiyani", "klorini yochuluka ndi chiyani", "kodi zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa chlorine m'magazi ndi ziti", "motani mankhwala a chlorine otsika ndi okwera m'magazi" mitu ngati

Kodi Low Chlorine M'mwazi Ndi Chiyani?

hypochloremiandi kusalinganika kwa electrolyte komwe kumachitika pakakhala kuchuluka kwa chloride m'thupi.

Chloride ndi electrolyte. Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi m'thupi komanso pH moyenera m'dongosolo sodium ve potaziyamu Imagwira ntchito ndi ma electrolyte ena monga Chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mchere wapa tebulo (sodium chloride).

Kodi Zizindikiro za Low Chlorine ndi Chiyani?

Zizindikiro za hypochloremianthawi zambiri sichidziwika. M'malo mwake, zitha kukhala zizindikiro za kusalinganika kwa electrolyte kapena vuto lomwe limayambitsa hypochloremia.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa klorini zili motere:

- Kutayika kwamadzimadzi

- kuchepa madzi m'thupi

- Kufooka kapena kutopa

- Kuvutika kupuma

- Kutsekula m'mimba kapena kusanza chifukwa cha kuchepa madzi m'thupi

hypochloremiaimatha kutsagana ndi hyponatremia, yomwe ndi kuchepa kwa sodium m'magazi.

Zifukwa za Low Chlorine

Popeza kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte m'magazi kumayendetsedwa ndi impso, hypochloremia Kusakwanira kwa electrolyte, monga vuto la impso, kumatha kuyambitsa. 

hypochloremia Zithanso kuchitika chifukwa cha izi:

- Kulephera kwamtima kwamtima

- Kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza kwa nthawi yayitali

- emphysema matenda a m`mapapo aakulu monga

- Metabolic alkalosis pamene magazi pH ndi apamwamba kuposa yachibadwa

mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, mankhwala okodzetsaMitundu ina yamankhwala, monga corticosteroids ndi bicarbonates, nawonso hypochloremiazitha kuyambitsa.

Hypochloremia ndi Chemotherapy

hypochloremia, Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha chithandizo cha chemotherapy pamodzi ndi kusalinganika kwina kwa electrolyte. Zotsatira za chemotherapy ndi izi:

- Kusanza kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kutsekula m'mimba

- Kutuluka

- Moto

Zotsatira zoyipazi zimatha kuyambitsa kutaya kwamadzimadzi. Kutaya madzimadzi chifukwa cha kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba electrolyte kusalinganikazomwe zingatsogolere.

Kodi Hypochloremia Imazindikiridwa Bwanji?

Dokotala adzayesa magazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa kloridi hypochloremiaakhoza kuzindikira. 

Kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi kumayesedwa ngati ndende - kuchuluka kwa chloride mu milliequivalents (mEq) (L) pa lita.

M'munsimu muli mitundu yodziwika bwino yamagazi a chloride. Makhalidwe omwe ali pansi pa mndandanda woyenerera hypochloremiaakhoza kusonyeza:

Akuluakulu: 98–106 mEq/L

Ana: 90-110 meq/L

Ana obadwa kumene: 96-106 meq/L

Ana obadwa msanga: 95-110 meq/L

Chithandizo cha Hypochloremia

Dokotala adzagwira ntchito kuti athetse vuto lomwe limayambitsa kusalinganika kwa electrolyte.

hypochloremia Ngati zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala, dokotala akhoza kusintha mlingo. hypochloremia Ngati ndi chifukwa cha mavuto a impso kapena matenda a endocrine, dokotala adzakutumizirani kwa katswiri.

Mutha kulandira madzi amtsempha (IV), monga saline solution, kuti ma electrolyte akhale abwinobwino.

Dokotala athanso kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa pafupipafupi kwa ma electrolyte anu pazolinga zowunikira.

hypochloremia Ngati ili yofatsa, nthawi zina ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi kusintha kwa zakudya.

Hyperchloremia ndi chiyani?

hyperchloremiandi kusalinganika kwa electrolyte kumene kumachitika pamene kloridi yachuluka m'magazi.

Chlorine ndi electrolyte yofunikira yomwe imayang'anira kusunga acid-base (pH) m'thupi, kuwongolera madzi ndi kufalitsa minyewa.

Impso zimagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuwongolera kwa chlorine m'thupi, kotero kusalinganika kwa electrolyte ndi vuto la ziwalo izi.

Komanso, kuthekera kwa impso kusunga chloride moyenera kungakhudzidwe ndi zinthu zina, monga matenda a shuga kapena kutaya kwambiri madzi m'thupi.

Kodi Zizindikiro za High Chlorine ndi Chiyani?

hyperchloremiaZizindikiro zomwe zimawonetsa shingles nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chazomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa kloridi. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi acidosis, kuchuluka kwa acidity m'magazi. Zizindikiro za hyperchloremia zingaphatikizepo:

- Kutopa

- kufooka kwa minofu

- ludzu lalikulu

- Kuuma kwa mucous nembanemba

- Matenda oopsa

mwa anthu ena zizindikiro za hyperchloremia sizikuwoneka. Izi nthawi zina zimakhala zosazindikirika mpaka kuyesa magazi mwachizolowezi.

Kodi Zifukwa za High Chlorine M'magazi Ndi Chiyani?

Monga sodium, potaziyamu, ndi ma electrolyte ena, kuchuluka kwa chlorine m'thupi lathu kumayendetsedwa bwino ndi impso.

Impso ndi ziwalo ziwiri zooneka ngati nyemba zomwe zili pansi pa nthiti mbali zonse za msana. Iwo ali ndi udindo wosefa magazi ndi kusunga kapangidwe kake kokhazikika, zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi.

hyperchloremiaZimachitika pamene ma chlorine m'magazi akwera kwambiri. hyperchloremiaPali njira zingapo zomwe zingachitikire. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

- Kumwa mankhwala a saline kwambiri ali m'chipatala, monga panthawi ya opaleshoni

- kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri

- Matenda a impso kapena aakulu

- Kumwa madzi amchere

- Kudya mchere wambiri wazakudya

- Bromide poizoni kuchokera ku mankhwala okhala ndi bromide

- Impso kapena metabolic acidosis zimachitika pamene impso sizichotsa asidi m'thupi kapena pamene thupi limwa asidi wambiri.

- kupuma kwa alkalosis, chikhalidwe chomwe chimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide m'magazi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, pamene munthu ali ndi hyperventilating)

Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali mankhwala otchedwa carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza glaucoma ndi matenda ena.

Kodi Hyperchloremic Acidosis ndi chiyani?

Hyperchloremic acidosis, kapena hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, imachitika pamene kutayika kwa bicarbonate (zamchere) kumapangitsa kuti pH ya magazi ikhale acidic kwambiri (metabolic acidosis).

Poyankha, thupi hyperchloremiaImamatira ku klorini, kumayambitsa Mu hyperchloremic acidosis, thupi limataya maziko ochulukirapo kapena kukhalabe ndi asidi wambiri.

Maziko otchedwa sodium bicarbonate amathandiza kuti magazi azikhala osalowerera pH. Kutaya kwa sodium bicarbonate kungayambitse:

- kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri

- Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse mankhwala otsekemera

- Proximal renal tubular acidosis, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti impso sizitha kuyamwanso bicarbonate kuchokera mumkodzo.

- Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kwa carbonic anhydrase inhibitors pochiza glaucoma, monga acetazolamide

- Kuwonongeka kwa impso

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asidi achuluke kwambiri aperekedwe m'magazi ndi monga:

- Kumwa mwangozi ammonium chlorine, hydrochloric acid kapena mchere wina wopatsa acidity (nthawi zina umapezeka m'makina opangira chakudya m'mitsempha)

- Mitundu ina ya aimpso tubular acidosis

- Kumwa mankhwala a saline kwambiri m'chipatala

Kodi Hyperchloremia Imazindikiridwa Bwanji?

hyperchloremia Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi mayeso otchedwa chloride blood test. Mayesowa nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo la gulu lalikulu la kagayidwe kachakudya lomwe adotolo atha kuyitanitsa.

Gulu la metabolic limayesa milingo ya ma electrolyte osiyanasiyana m'magazi:

- Carbon dioxide kapena bicarbonate

- Chloride

- Potaziyamu

-Sodium

Miyezo yanthawi zonse ya klorini kwa akulu imakhala pakati pa 98–107 mEq/L. Ngati mayeso anu akuwonetsa mulingo wa chlorine woposa 107 mEq/L, hyperchloremia zikutanthauza kuti alipo.

Pamenepa, dokotala akhoza kuyesanso mkodzo wa klorini ndi shuga wamagazi kuti awone ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga. Kufufuza mkodzo kosavuta kungathandize kuzindikira mavuto ndi impso.

Chithandizo cha Hyperchloremia

hyperchloremia Chithandizo cha izi chidzadalira chomwe chayambitsa vutoli:

- Pakusowa madzi m'thupi, chithandizo chimaphatikizapo hydration.

- Ngati mwamwa saline wambiri, saline imayimitsidwa mpaka mutachira.

- Ngati mankhwala anu akuyambitsa mavuto, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha kapena kusiya mankhwala.

- Pavuto la impso, katswiri wa nephrologist angakulozereni kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi thanzi la impso. Ngati matenda anu ndi ovuta, dialysis ingafunike kuti musefe magazi m'malo mwa impso.

- Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis imatha kuthandizidwa ndi sodium bicarbonate.

Odwala omwe ali ndi hyperchloremiamuyenera kusunga thupi lanu lamadzimadzi. Pewani caffeine ndi mowa, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Kodi Mavuto a Hyperchloremia Ndi Chiyani?

m'thupi kuchuluka kwa klorinizitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa cholumikizana ndi asidi wamba m'magazi. Ngati sichinathandizidwe mwachangu, chingayambitse:

- Impso mwala

- Kulepheretsa kuchira ngati kuvulala kwa impso

- Kulephera kwa impso

- mavuto a mtima

- Mavuto a minofu

- Mavuto a mafupa

- koma

- Imfa

Momwe mungapewere hyperchloremia?

hyperchloremia, makamaka Matenda a Addison Ngati zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda monga hyperchloremia Njira zina zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga ndi awa:

- hyperchloremiaKulankhula ndi dokotala za mankhwala omwe angayambitse

- hyperchloremiaZotsatira za mankhwala omwe angayambitse Mwachitsanzo, munthu akamva kuti alibe madzi okwanira, akhoza kumwa madzi ambiri.

- Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kupewa zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

- Kumwa mankhwala a shuga monga momwe adotolo adanenera.

Mu anthu athanzi hyperchloremia ndizosowa kwambiri. Kumwa madzi okwanira komanso kupewa kumwa kwambiri mchere kumatha kuletsa kusalinganika kwa electrolyte uku.