Iyini i-typhus? Izimpawu, Izimbangela kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Typhus, Ngamanye amazwi umkhuhlane omabala ikhona kusukela emandulo. Kuye kwaba ngesinye sezifo ezibhubhisa kakhulu emlandweni, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zempi. ubhubhane lwe-typhus Yaqoshwa okokuqala ngesikhathi ibutho laseSpain livimbezela iGranada ngo-1489.

Okwamanje, isifo se-typhusKuye kwaqoshwa ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba, njengaseMpumalanga Afrika, e-Asia, nakwezinye izindawo eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu.

Kuze kube manje, ayikho imigomo eyaziwayo yokwelapha nokuvimbela lesi sifo, ngaphandle kwezinqubo zokuhlanzeka ezithuthukisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics, nezibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo.

Ezifundweni zakamuva ukwakheka kwe-typhusKube nokwehla okukhulu kwenani

Esihlokweni esithi "siyini isifo se-typhus, "i-typhus isakazwa kanjani", "yini ebangela typhus" kuzoxoxwa ngezihloko.

Iyini i-typhus?

I-Typhusyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane e-Rickettsia. Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ukutheleleka kusakazwa amazeze, izintwala noma izibungu.

Lesi sifo sisakazeka kuma-arthropods, okusho ukuthi izilwane ezingenamgogodla njengezibungu, izintwala noma imikhaza zisakaza amagciwane ngokuluma.

Ukulunywa yisinambuzane kushiya uphawu emzimbeni, olungasivula kakhulu isikhumba uma siklwejwa. Amagciwane afinyelela egazini lapho ethintana nesikhumba esiveziwe; iyaqhubeka nokuzala nokukhula.

I-Typhusyisifo sebhaktheriya esithwala i-vector; Kunezinhlobo ze-endmic kanye ne-epidemic.

Uhlobo oluwubhubhane ikakhulukazi lunomlando omude futhi obulalayo.

Izici eziyingozi zesifo se-typhus zihlanganisa ukuvakashela noma ukuhlala ezindaweni ezigcwele amagundane nezinye izilwane (ngokwesibonelo, izindawo ezinhlekeleleni, izindawo ezikhungethwe ubumpofu, amakamu ababaleki, amajele) lapho amagciwane afana namazeze nezintwala engathwala amagciwane ezilwaneni.

Izimpawu ze-typhus ezingapheli Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqubuka nokuqala nokusabalala esiqwini somzimba, umkhuhlane ophakeme, isicanucanu, ubuthakathaka, isifo sohudo nokuhlanza. ubhubhane lwe-typhusinezimpawu ezifanayo kodwa ezinzima kakhulu, ezihlanganisa ukopha esikhunjeni, i-delirium, hypotension, nokufa.

I-TyphusKutholakala ngokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene (i-PCR, i-histological staining) ngokusekelwe emlandweni wesiguli, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nezindlela zokuzivikela komzimba.

Ama-antibiotics ajwayelekile futhi ubhubhane lwe-typhus esetshenziswa ukwelapha.

I-prognosis ye-endmic typhus ngokuvamile kuhle kuya ezinhle kakhulu kodwa ukubikezelwa kwe-typhus yobhubhanezingasukela kokuhle kuye kokubi ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kusenesikhathi, futhi asebekhulile bavame ukuba nesibikezelo esibi kakhulu.

Ukuhlanzeka nezimo zokuphila ezihlanzekile ezinciphisa noma eziqeda ukuchayeka kumagundane, amagundane nezinye izilwane kanye nezilwane ezithwalayo (izintwala, namazeze) uhlobo lwe-typhus ingavimbela noma yehlise ubungozi be i-endmic noma ubhubhane i-typhus Awukho umgomo wokulwa nayo.

Sisakazwa kanjani isifo se-typhus?

Ngokuvamile, ungathola lesi sifo esimweni sokulunywa yizinambuzane. Alidluliswa komunye umuntu njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.

Izintwala ezithelelekile, amazeze noma izibungu ezitholakala ezilwaneni ezincane njengamagundane, izingwejeje namakati yizimoto ezitheleleka ngamagciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinambuzane ziba abathwali baleli gciwane lapho zidla igazi legundane elinegciwane noma umuntu onaleli gciwane.

Izindlela zokudlulisela i-typhusOkuvame kakhulu kwalokhu ukuxhumana nezingubo zokulala ezihlaselwe ama-arthropods athwala amagciwane.

Ngokufanayo, ukutheleleka kungasakazwa ngendle ye-arthropods. Uma unwaya indawo elunyiwe lapho amagundane noma izintwala zidla khona, amagciwane esitulweni angena emgudwini wegazi ngamanxeba asendaweni eklwetshiwe.

Ezindaweni eziminyene njengamahostela okuvakasha, izindawo ezinamahlathi amaningi, nezindlu zangasese ezingahlanzekile typhus kungenzeka. 

Yiziphi Izimbangela Nezinhlobo Ze-typhus?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene. Uhlobo ngalunye lubangelwa igciwane elithile elihlukile futhi lisakazwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-arthropod.

I-typhus ewubhubhane ngenxa yesifo esiwubhubhane

Ibangelwa amagciwane "Rickettsia prowazekii" futhi izintwala zomzimba zingabathwali balesi sifo. Ingasakazwa nangemikhaza.

Imihuzuko emincane esikhumbeni isebenza njengendawo yokuthi indle egcwele amagciwane ingene egazini.

Lesi sifo sitholakala emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ngokuvamile sitholakala ezindaweni ezikhuthaza ukugcwala kwezintwala, njengokungakhucululwa kwendle kanye nezindawo ezigcwele kakhulu.

ubhubhane lwe-typhusIwuhlobo olubi kakhulu futhi olujwayelekile, njengoba lungathinta inani elikhulu labantu ngesikhathi esifushane. 

I-Murine typhus noma i-endemic typhus

Ibangelwa amagciwane i-Rickettsia typhi. Sisakazwa ngamazeze ekati noma amazeze egundane. Izinhlobo ze-murine azigcini nje endaweni ethile njengoba zisakazeke emhlabeni wonke.

Kodwa-ke, itholakala kakhulu ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesishisayo. Idluliselwa kalula kubantu abasondelene namagundane. 

khuhla i-typhus

Ibangelwa i-bacterium "Orientia tsutsugamushi". Lolu hlobo luvame ukutholakala e-Australia, e-Asia, ePapua New Guinea naseziqhingini zasePacific. Abathwali bangamagciwane adla igazi elinegciwane lomuntu noma igundane.  

Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Typhus?

Zontathu izinhlobo ezishiwo ngenhla zinezimpawu ezihlukene. Nokho, kukhona futhi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile, nakuba ngenani elincane; 

- Umlilo

– ukuthuthumela

– Rash

- Ikhanda elibuhlungu

– Ukukhwehlela okomile

– Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo ezithile. ubhubhane lwe-typhus izimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo futhi zibonise izimpawu ezilandelayo;

– delirium kanye nokudideka

– Ukushisa okukhulu nokugodola

- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu

– Ubuhlungu obukhulu emalungeni nasemisipha

– Ukukhwehlela okomile

- Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo

– umfutho wegazi ophansi

– Ukuqubuka esifubeni noma emhlane.

i-typhus engapheli izimpawu zihlala phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-10 neziyi-12. Nakuba izimpawu zifana nalesi sifo, azibi kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa. 

- Ukuhlungu obusemhlane

- Ubuhlungu besisu

- Umkhuhlane ophezulu (kungathatha amasonto amabili)

– Ukukhwehlela okomile

– Ukuphalaza kanye nesicanucanu

– Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga

- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu

- Umqubuko obomvu ofiphele engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba 

khuhla i-typhusIzimpawu ziqala ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala ngemva kokulunywa. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ezimbili, lolu hlobo lungaba yingozi kubantu abaphethwe yizo zonke izinhlobo zezifo ezimbi kakhulu njengoba kungabangela ukopha kanye nokwehluleka kwezitho. Izimpawu zayo zimi kanje;

– kuchitheka

- Ukwandiswa kwama-lymph nodes

- Ukudideka kwengqondo kanye ne-coma ezimweni eziphambili

– Ubuhlungu bomzimba nemisipha

– Imfiva nokugodola

- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu

- Ukwakheka okumnyama, okufana noqweqwe endaweni elunyiwe.

Yiziphi Izingozi Ze-Typhus?

izici eziyingozi ze-typhusUkuhlala noma ukuvakashela izindawo lapho isifo sigcwele khona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amadolobha amaningi angamachweba anamagundane amaningi kanye nezindawo lapho udoti unqwabelana khona futhi inhlanzeko ingase ibe phansi.

Izindawo ezinezinhlekelele, amakamu angenamakhaya, izindawo ezikhungethwe ubumpofu nezinye izimo ezifanayo ezivumela amagundane ukuba asondelane nabantu ziwusongo olukhulu kakhulu. Lezi yikholera, isifo sofuba kanye nezimo ezifanayo eziholela kubhubhane lwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane.

Intwasahlobo nehlobo yilapho amazeze (kanye nemikhaza) esebenza kakhulu, kodwa izifo zingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

Ilashwa Kanjani I-Typhus?

Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalesi sifo, ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa namuhla. Isicelo siyahlukahluka kuye ngabantu abathintekile.

– I-Doxycycline iyindlela yokwelapha ekhethwa kakhulu. Inganikezwa abantu babo bonke ubudala. Kunqunywe ukuthi i-doxycycline inikeza umphumela osebenza kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane.

- I-Chloramphenicol isetshenziswa kakhulu kubantu abangakhulelwe noma abangancelisi. Ngokuvamile ubhubhane lwe-typhus kusebenza ku

- Abantu abangakwazi ukuthatha i-antibiotic doxycycline banikezwa i-ciprofloxacin.

Yiziphi Izinkinga Ze-Typhus?

Uma ingelashwa, typhus kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu nezibulalayo:

– Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho nomgogodla

- Ubende olukhulisiwe

- Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo noma ama-valve

- Ukopha kwangaphakathi

- Izinso naughty

– Ukulimala kwesibindi

– umfutho wegazi ophansi

- Inyumoniya

- Ukushaqeka kwe-Septic

Indlela yokuvimbela i-typhus?

Ayikho indlela eqondile yokuvimbela ukwenzeka kwalesi sifo. II. ngobhubhane phakathi neMpi Yezwe II umuthi wokugomela i-typhus Nakuba inani lamacala selithuthukisiwe, inani lamacala anciphayo limise ukukhiqizwa komgomo. 

Njengoba ungekho umuthi othize wezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-typhus Kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezilandelayo. 

- Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukuzala kwezinambuzane eziyingozi nezintwala ezisakaza lesi sifo.

– Naka njalo inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu.

- Gwema ukuya ezindaweni ezigcwele abantu ezinekhwalithi ephansi yenhlanzeko.

– Sebenzisa izinto ezixosha izinambuzane.

– Zimboze lapho uya ezindaweni ezinemifino. 

Ingabe I-Typhus Iyabulala?

Kuye kwaba nemibiko yokushona kwabantu ngenxa yalesi sifo ngaphambi kwekhulu lama-20, ikakhulukazi ubhubhane lwe-typhus yohlobo. Bambalwa abantu abashonile namhlanje njengoba abantu sebeqaphela ukubaluleka kwenhlanzeko.

Kubikwe ukufa okuningi phakathi kwabantu abadala asebekhulile kanye nabantu abangondlekile abangenawo amasosha omzimba aqinile.

ubhubhane lwe-typhus Ezimweni lapho ukwelashwa kungenziwanga, ukufa kungase kwenzeke. ukuxilongwa kwe-typhus Izingane ezigqokwayo ngokuvamile ziyelapheka.

i-typhus ne-typhoid

Nakuba kuzwakala kufana typhus ve typhoid yizifo ezahlukene.

I-Typhus Njengomkhuhlane we-typhoid, isifo esibangelwa amagciwane. Uhlobo olutholakala kubantu, ukudla okungcolile namanzi i-salmonella ekuthinteni amagciwane typhoid uthola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-typhoid fever ingabanjwa endle yabantu nezilwane ezithwala lesi sifo.

Izici ezilandelayo zingasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-typhoid:

– Ukugeza izandla njalo

– Ukulahlwa kwendle ngendlela efanele

– Ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile, ahlanzekile kuphela