Iyini i-Transglutaminase? Ukulimala kweTransglutaminase

Yini i-transglutaminase? I-Transglutaminase iyisengezo sokudla. Esinye isithasiselo esisha? Kungenzeka ukuthi uyacabanga. Kodwa lesi sengezo asisisha neze.

Njengoba sazi, izithasiselo zokudla ezinjengama-preservatives, colorants and fillers zisetshenziswa embonini yokudla ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunambitheka, ukuthungwa kanye nombala wemikhiqizo. Nakuba ezinye zalezi zithako zingawulimazi umzimba womuntu, ezinye ziyingozi empilweni yethu.

I-Transglutaminase (TG) yaqala ukuchazwa cishe eminyakeni engama-50 edlule. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-TG yayingasetshenziselwa kakhulu izicelo zokudla. Ngoba kwakubiza, kunzima ukucwengisiswa, futhi kudinga i-calcium ukuze isebenze. Ngo-1989, abacwaningi enkampanini yaseJapane i-Ajinomoto bathola i-Streptoverticillium mobaraense, igciwane lenhlabathi elikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-transglutaminase ehlanzwa kalula. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi le TG ye-microbial yayilula ukuyikhiqiza, yayingadingi i-calcium futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.

I-Transglutaminase, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi iglue yenyama, iyisengezo sokudla esiyimpikiswano abantu abaningi okufanele basigweme ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo.

Iyini i-Transglutaminase?

Nakuba kungase kuzwakale njengomqondo osabekayo uma kuthiwa iglue yenyama noma iglue yenyama, i-transglutaminase iyi-enzyme etholakala ngokwemvelo kubantu, ezilwaneni nasezitshalweni.

I-enzyme i-transglutaminase isiza imizimba yethu ukwenza imisebenzi ethile njengokwakha imisipha, ukuqeda ubuthi nokuphula ukudla ngesikhathi sokugaya. Ihlanganisa amaprotheni ndawonye ngokwakha izibopho ezihlangene. Yingakho ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi "i-nature's biological glue".

Kubantu nasezilwaneni, i-transglutaminase ibandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba ezifana nokujiya kwegazi nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda. Ibalulekile futhi ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwezitshalo.

I-Transglutaminase esetshenziswa ekudleni ikhiqizwa kusuka ezintweni ezijiya igazi ezilwaneni ezinjengezinkomo nezingulube, noma kumagciwane atholakala ezitshalweni. Ivamise ukuthengiswa ngendlela eyimpushana. Izinga elibophezelayo le-transglutaminase liyenza into ewusizo kubakhiqizi bokudla.

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, lisebenza njengeglue elihlanganisa ndawonye amaprotheni atholakala ekudleni okufana nenyama, izinto ezibhakiwe, noshizi. Lokhu kusiza abakhiqizi bokudla bathuthukise ukuthungwa kokudla ngokuxhumanisa imithombo ehlukene yamaprotheni ndawonye.

Isetshenziswa kuphi i-Transglutaminase? 

Ngisho noma sizama ukuhlala kude nokudla okunezithako zokwenziwa ngangokunokwenzeka, kubonakala kunzima kancane ukuhlala kude ne-transglutaminase. Isetshenziswa ekudleni okuhlukahlukene okufana nesoseji, izinkukhu zenkukhu, iyogathi, noshizi. Ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu, abapheki bayisebenzisa ukuze benze izitsha ezintsha ezifana ne-spaghetti esenziwe ngenyama yezimfanzi.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-transglutaminase iphumelela kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni amaprotheni, iphinde isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ucezu lwenyama ngezicucu eziningi. Isibonelo, indawo yokudlela ehlinzeka ngokudla kwesitayela se-buffet kungenzeka isebenzisa ama-steak enziwe ngokusika nokuhlanganisa inyama eshibhile ne-transglutaminase.

I-Transglutaminase nayo isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ushizi, iyogathi kanye no-ayisikhilimu. Ukwengeza, yengezwa ezimpahleni ezibhakiwe ukwandisa ukuzinza kwenhlama, ukunwebeka, umthamo kanye nekhono lokumunca amanzi. I-Transglutaminase iphinde iqinise izikhupha zamaqanda, iqinise izingxube zenhlama, iqinise imikhiqizo yobisi (iyogathi, ushizi).

Ukulimala kweTransglutaminase

Inkinga nge-transglutaminase esetshenziswa njengeglue yenyama akuyona into ngokwayo. Kungaba yingozi ngenxa yokwanda kwengozi yokungcoliswa amagciwane ekudleni esetshenziswa kukho.

Lapho izicucu eziningi ezihlukene zenyama zinamathiselwe ndawonye ukuze zakhe ucezu lwenyama, ingozi yokungena kwamagciwane ekudleni iphezulu. Eqinisweni, ezinye izazi zokudla zithi inyama ehlanganiswe ngale ndlela kunzima kakhulu ukuyipheka.

Enye inkinga nge-transglutaminase, ukungabekezelelani kwe-gluten noma isifo se-celiac ukuthi kungabathinta kabi. I-Transglutaminase inyusa ukugcwala kwamathumbu emathunjini. Lokhu, futhi, kubeka umthwalo ophezulu wokungezwani komzimba ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, okwenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu kubantu abanesifo se-celiac.

I-FDA ihlukanisa i-transglutaminase njenge-GRAS (ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile). I-USDA ibheka isithako esiphephile ukuze sisetshenziswe emikhiqizo yenyama nezinkukhu. I-European Union, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwe-transglutaminase embonini yokudla ngo-2010 ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha.

Ingabe kufanele uhlale kude nesengezo se-transglutaminase?

Abukho ubufakazi besayensi bokulimala okukhulunywe ngenhla kwe-transglutaminase. Izifundo ngale ndaba zisesigabeni sokucatshangelwa. 

Okokuqala, kuzuzisa kakhulu kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, abangezwani nokudla, iziguli ezinoshukela kanye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengesifo sikaCrohn ukuthi bangahlali.

Phela uma sibheka ukudla okune-transglutaminase okufana nenyama yenkukhu nokunye okugayiwe akukona ukudla okunempilo. Nakuba ukudla inyama ebomvu ngokusesilinganisweni kunenzuzo, ukudla inyama ebomvu eningi kanye nenyama egayiwe akunempilo neze. Yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni nesifo senhliziyo.

Uma ufuna ukuhlala kude nokudla okuqukethe i-transglutaminase, qala ngokususa inyama egayiwe ngokuphelele. Sesha, thola futhi uthenge inyama ebomvu yemvelo. I-Transglutaminase Ukuze unciphise ukudla kwakho, ungafaki ukudla okulandelayo ekhishini lakho:

• Izinkukhu ezenziwe ngomumo ezivela emakethe
• Imikhiqizo equkethe inyama "eyakhiwe" noma "elungisiwe".
• Ukudla okuqukethe i-“TG enzyme”, “enzyme” noma “TGP enzyme”
• ukudla okusheshayo
• Izinkukhu ezikhiqiziwe, amasoseji nezinja ezishisayo
• Ukulingisa ukudla kwasolwandle

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