Yintoni iLeptospirosis, Kutheni isenzeka? Iimpawu kunye noNyango

leptospirosisLusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane yeLeptospira. Ibhaktiriya ebangela olu sulelo idluliselwa ebantwini ngezilwanyana, ngakumbi iimpuku. 

Esi sifo sisasazwa ngokudibana namanzi angcoliswe ngumchamo wesilwanyana esosulelekileyo. Isasazeka njengobhubhane ngenxa yokuvezwa kumanzi ezikhukula. Ukudibana nomhlaba nako kunokubangela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo. 

Iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni ngokusikeka eluswini okanye kwiinwebu, oko kukuthi, kwiindawo ezifana namehlo, impumlo nomlomo.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhaktheriya yeLeptospira. Ayigulisi abantu kuphela kodwa nezilwanyana. Esi sifo sebhaktiriya sihamba emanzini sisuka kwizilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nezilwanyana zasendle. 

Izifundo, leptospirosisyatyhila ukuba ixhaphakile kumazwe asakhasayo. Usulelo alusasazeki ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, nangona ulwazi oluncinci malunga nalo. Ukudluliselwa kwayo kuthathwa njengobuthathaka.

Kwezinye iimeko, usulelo lwebhaktheriya lunyukela kumanqanaba anzulu, okubangela ukuba isifo sika-Weil siphuhlise. esi sifo leptospirosisLuhlobo olunzima lomgubo kwaye lunokubulala.

Ziziphi izizathu ze-leptospirosis?

Ukudibana namanzi, izityalo okanye umhlaba omanzi ongcoliswe ngumchamo wesilwanyana esosulelekileyo ngunobangela wokusasazeka kosulelo lwebhaktiriya. Abathwali abaqhelekileyo beebhaktheriya zeLeptospira ziimpuku (iimpuku kunye neempuku), iihagu, iinkomo, izinja kunye namahashe.

Abantu kunye neengcali ezichatshazelwa ziibhaktheriya ezibangela usulelo zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 

• Abo basela amanzi angcolileyo 
• Ukudibana namanzi angcolisekileyo kwabo banamanxeba angapholiswanga
• amafama, 
• abasebenzi bokugcina amanzi amdaka, 
• oogqirha bezilwanyana, 
• abasebenzi besila, 
• Oomatiloshe emilanjeni; 
• Abasebenzi bendawo yokulahla inkunkuma 

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-leptospirosis?

Iimpawu zosulelo lwebhaktheriya zidla ngokuvela ngesiquphe. Izibonakalisa kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwe-14 emva kokungenisa ibhaktheriya yeLeptospira. Kwezinye iimeko, ngelixa usulelo luphakathi, lunokubangela iimpawu ezinzima. Iimpawu zosulelo oluqatha kwaye olungephi luyahluka.

UkuKhanya leptospirosis Kule meko, iimpawu zilandelayo:

• umkhuhlane kunye nokugodola,
• Ijaundice,
• Khohlela,
• Ubomvu kunye nokucaphuka kwamehlo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zemisipha, ngakumbi kumqolo ongezantsi kunye namathole
• irhashalala
• Urhudo, ukugabha

Iimpawu ze-leptospirosis ezincinci Idla ngokunyamalala phakathi kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ngaphandle kwesidingo sonyango.

i-leptospirosis elula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba iimpawu ziphelile okanye zinyamalale i-leptospirosis enzima iphuhlisa. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukuphefumla nzima, ukusilela kwesibindi okanye izintso, okanye i-meningitis.

leptospirosis Ukuba ichaphazela intliziyo, izintso kunye nesibindi, ezi zimpawu zilandelayo zenzeka:

• iintlungu zemisipha,
• Ukopha ngeempumlo,
• iintlungu zesifuba,
• Ubuthathaka,
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga,
• I-Anorexia,
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga nokukhawulezayo,
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, iinyawo okanye amaqatha,
• Isicaphucaphu,
• Ijaundice, nto leyo etyheli kwiindawo ezimhlophe zamehlo nolwimi
• ukukhefuzela

Ukuba ayinyangwa, iimpawu zingakhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwezintso. leptospirosisUkuba ichaphazela ingqondo okanye intambo yomnqonqo, inokubangela i-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis. Kule meko, ezi zimpawu zilandelayo zenzeka.

• Ukugabha,
• intamo elukhuni,
• ukuziphatha ndlongo,
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu,
• ubunzima bokugxila
• Ubundisholo
• ukuxhuzula
• Iingxaki zokushukuma komzimba,
• Isicaphucaphu,
• Ifotophobia oko kukuthi ubuntununtunu bokukhanya
• Ukungakwazi ukuthetha.

Ukuba usulelo luchaphazela imiphunga, iimpawu ziquka:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu,
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukutshica igazi

Ifumaneka njani i-leptospirosis?

Kuba iimpawu zosulelo ziyafana nomkhuhlane okanye ezinye izifo, leptospirosis Kunzima ukumisela kwinqanaba lokuqala okanye elithambileyo. Ukukhanya leptospirosis Iya kuziphilisa ngokwayo kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe. ugqirha serious leptospirosisUkuba uyakrokrela, uya kwenza ezinye iimvavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukukhangela ubukho be-antibodies ngokuchasene neebhaktheriya. Olunye uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
• Luvavanyo lwe-serological kwaye Ukuxilongwa kwe-leptospirosisI-MAT (uvavanyo lwe-microscopic agglutination), oluthathwa njengomgangatho wegolide kwi
• Ukuphendula kwetyathanga lePolymerase (PCR)

Ngaphandle kwezi zinto, uhlalutyo lomchamo luyenziwa.

Iphathwa njani i-leptospirosis?

leptospirosis Olona nyango lusebenzayo lunyango lokubulala iintsholongwane. leptospirosis Amachiza asetyenziselwa i-ampicillin, i-azithromycin, i-ceftriaxone, i-doxycycline kunye ne-penicillin.

Ukuba iimpawu zikhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokuhluleka kwezintso, i-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis, isigulane kuya kufuneka silaliswe esibhedlele ukuze sifumane unyango olongezelelweyo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ze-leptospirosis?

Ukuba ayiphathwanga, olu sulelo lwebhaktheriya lubangela ukuba iimeko ezisongela ubomi ziphuhlise.

• Ingakhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwezintso, ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi okanye ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo.
• Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukufa kunokwenzeka.
• Inokubangela isifo sika-Weil.

Indlela yokuthintela i-leptospirosis?

Ukuthintela ukuqala kosulelo, landela la manyathelo okhuseleko:

• Hlamba kwaye ucoce amanxeba.
• Abo basebenza kwimisebenzi enobungozi kufuneka banxibe iimpahla ezikhuselayo ezifana neebhutsi, iiglavu, iiglasi, ifaskoti kunye nemaski.
• Sela amanzi acocekileyo.
• Gquma amanxeba kunye namanxeba esikhumbeni kunye neengubo zokugquma kwamanzi.
• Musa ukuhamba okanye ukuqubha kumanzi anokuthi angcoliseke.
• Ishawa emva kokuvezwa kumchamo ongcolileyo, umhlaba ongcolileyo okanye amanzi.
• Musa ukuphatha izilwanyana ezigulayo okanye ezifileyo.
• Qwalasela amanyathelo ococeko xa ukhathalela okanye uhambisa izilwanyana.
• Imigangatho yeeshedi, iibhula kunye neendawo zokuxhela kufuneka zibulawe iintsholongwane.