Yini Okufanele Adle Umama Oncelisa Ibele? Izinzuzo Zokuncelisa Ibele Kumama Nengane

Ubisi lwebele lunikeza umsoco ophelele ezinganeni. Iqukethe inani elidingekayo lezakhamzimba, ligayeka kalula futhi litholakala kalula.

Nokho, izinga lokuncelisa ibele kwamanye amaqembu abesifazane liphansi njengoba lifinyelela ku-30%. Abanye besifazane abalinceli ibele ngoba bengakwazi ukuncelisa, kanti abanye abakhethi ukuncelisa.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuncelisa kunenzuzo enkulu empilweni kamama nengane yakhe. esihlokweni “izinzuzo zokuncelisa ibele”, “ukubaluleka kokuncelisa ibele”, “lokho okufanele nokungafanele ukudle umama oncelisayo”kuzokhulunywa.

Yiziphi Izinzuzo Zokuncelisa Ibele?

Ubisi lwebele lunikeza ukudla okufanele ezinganeni

Iziphathimandla zezempilo eziningi zincoma ukuncelisa ibele okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6. Ukuncelisa ibele kufanele kuqhubeke okungenani unyaka owodwa ngaphezulu, njengoba ukudla okuhlukene kulethwa ekudleni kwengane.

Ubisi lwebele luqukethe konke umntwana akudingayo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila ngezilinganiso ezifanele. Ukwakheka kwayo kushintsha ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezishintshayo zengane, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokuphila.

Amabele ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, colostrum Ikhiqiza uketshezi oluwugqinsi noluphuzi olubizwa ngokuthi Igcwele amaprotheni, iphansi ngoshukela futhi ilayishwe izinhlanganisela ezizuzisayo.

I-colostrum iwubisi lokuqala olufanele futhi isiza uhlelo lokugaya ukudla olungavuthiwe lwengane esanda kuzalwa ukuba luthuthuke. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, njengoba isisu somntwana sikhula, amabele aqala ukukhiqiza ubisi olwengeziwe.

Okuwukuphela kwento engekho obisini lwebele Ivithamini Dkuyinto Ukunxephezela lokhu kuntuleka, amaconsi kavithamini D ngokuvamile anconyelwa izinsana ngemva kwamasonto angu-2-4 ubudala.

Ubisi lwebele luqukethe amasosha omzimba abalulekile

Ubisi lwebele lunikeza amasosha omzimba asiza ingane ukuba ilwe namagciwane kanye namagciwane. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-colostrum, ubisi lokuqala.

I-Colostrum inikeza amanani aphezulu e-immunoglobulin A (IgA) kanye namanye amasosha omzimba amaningi. Lapho umama evezwa amagciwane noma amagciwane, uqala ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba.

Lawa amasosha omzimba abe esekhishelwa obisini lwebele bese edluliselwa enganeni ngesikhathi encela. I-IgA ivimbela umntwana ekuguleni ngokwenza ungqimba oluyisivikelo emakhaleni, emphinjeni wengane kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla.

Ngakho-ke, omama abancelisayo banikeza umntwana amasosha omzimba asiza ukulwa naleli gciwane elibangela izifo.

Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukugula, gcina inhlanzeko ngokuqinile. Geza izandla njalo futhi uzame ukugwema ukudlulisela lesi sifo enganeni yakho.

Ifomula ayihlinzeki ngokuvikelwa kwamasosha omzimba ezinganeni. Inyumoniya ezinganeni ezinganceliswa ibele, uhudo Kunocwaningo oluningi olukhombisa ukuthi basengozini enkulu yezinkinga zempilo ezifana nezifo kanye nezifo.

Ukuncelisa ibele kunciphisa ingozi yezifo

Izinzuzo zezempilo ezihlaba umxhwele zokuncelisa ibele unayo. Kunganciphisa ingozi yezifo eziningi zengane:

ukutheleleka kwendlebe ephakathi

Ukuncelisa ibele izinyanga ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu kunganciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwendlebe emaphakathi ngama-50%.

izifo zokuphefumula

Ukuncelisa ibele isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-4 kunciphisa ubungozi bokulaliswa esibhedlela kusuka kulezi zifo ngama-72%.

Imikhuhlane nezifo

Izingane ezincela ibele izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuphela zingase zibe nengozi ephansi efika ku-63% yokuba nemikhuhlane emibi kanye nezifo ezindlebeni nasemphinjeni.

izifo zamathumbu

Ubisi lwebele lunikeza ukuncipha kwama-64% ezifweni zamathumbu.

Ukulimala kwezicubu zamathumbu

Ukuncelisa izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuhlotshaniswa nokuncipha okungama-60% kwezehlakalo ze-necrotizing enterocolitis.

I-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Ukuncelisa ibele kunciphisa ingozi yokufa kwezingane kungazelelwe ngama-1% ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa futhi ngama-50% onyakeni wokuqala.

izifo ze-allergic

Ukuncelisa ibele okungenani izinyanga ezi-3-4, isifuba somoya, i-atopic dermatitis futhi inikeza ukwehla okungama-27-42% engozini ye-eczema.

isifo se-celiac

Lapho izingane ezincela ibele ziqala ukuchayeka ku-gluten isifo se-celiac Ingozi yokuyithuthukisa iphansi ngama-52%.

isifo samathumbu okuvuvukala

Izingane ezincela ibele zingaba cishe ngama-30% emathubeni amancane okuthuthukisa isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo ebuntwaneni.

Isifo sikashukela

Ukuncelisa ibele okungenani izinyanga ezi-3 kuhlotshaniswa nengozi encishisiwe yesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 (kufika ku-30%) kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (kufika ku-40%).

I-leukemia ebuntwaneni

Ukuncelisa ibele izinyanga eziyisi-6 noma ngaphezulu kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa ngo-15-20% ingozi ye-leukemia yengane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yokuvikela yokuncelisa ibele iqhubekela phambili ebuntwaneni futhi ngisho nasebudaleni.

Ubisi lwebele lusiza ukugcina isisindo sisebangeni elinempilo

Ukuncelisa ibele kukhuthaza ukukhuluphala okunempilo futhi kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhuluphala kwezingane. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amazinga okukhuluphala ezinsaneni ezincela ibele aphansi ngo-15-30% kunezinsana ezinceliswa ubisi lwebhodlela.

Ubude besikhathi nabo bubalulekile, njengoba inyanga ngayinye yokuncelisa ibele inciphisa ingozi yengane yakho yokukhuluphala esikhathini esizayo ngo-4%.

Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokukhula kwama-bacteria ahlukahlukene amathumbu. Izingane ezincela ibele zinenani eliphezulu lamabhaktheriya atholakala emathunjini, angathinta izitolo zabo zamafutha.

Izingane ezincela ibele zine-leptin eningi kunezingane ezinceliswa ubisi lwebhodlela. LeptinKuyi-hormone ebalulekile elawula ukudla nokugcinwa kwamafutha.

Ukuncelisa ibele kwenza izingane zihlakaniphe

Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kungase kube nomehluko ekukhuleni kobuchopho phakathi kwezingane ezinceliswa ibele nezinceliswe ifomula. Lo mehluko ungaba ngenxa yokusondelana ngokomzimba, ukuthinta kanye nokuthintana kwamehlo okuhambisana nokuncelisa ibele.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izingane ezincela ibele mancane amathuba okuthi zibe nezinkinga ngokuziphatha nokufunda njengoba zikhula.

Ukuncelisa ibele kusiza ekwehleni kwesisindo

Nakuba abanye besifazane bekhuluphala ngesikhathi bencelisa, abanye behlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzikhandla. Ukuncelisa ibele kwandisa amandla kamama adingekayo ngama-kilojoule angaba ngu-500 ngosuku, kodwa asemzimbeni ibhalansi ye-hormonal ehluke kakhulu kokujwayelekile.

Ngenxa yalezi zinguquko zama-hormone, abesifazane abancelisayo bangase babe nesifiso esikhulayo sokudla futhi bathambekele kakhulu ekugcineni amafutha ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ubisi.

Omama abancelisa ibele bangase behle futhi babe nesisindo esincane ezinyangeni ezi-3 zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa kunomama abangancelisi. Kodwa-ke, cishe bazothola ukwanda kokushiswa kwamafutha ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3 zokuncelisa.

Kubikwa ukuthi omama abancelisayo bancipha kakhulu ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3-6 bezelwe kunomama abangancelisi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca yizici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinquma ukuthi ulahlekelwa isisindo esingakanani ngokuncelisa.

Ukuncelisa ibele kusiza ukufinyela kwesibeletho

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isibeletho siyakhula. Ngemva kokuzalwa, isibeletho sidlula inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-involution, esiza ukuthi sibuyele kusayizi waso wangaphambili. I-Oxytocin, i-hormone eyanda phakathi nokukhulelwa, isiza ukushayela le nqubo.

Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, umzimba ukhipha amanani aphezulu e-oxytocin ukuze usize ekubelethweni kwengane futhi wehlise ukopha.

I-Oxytocin nayo iyanda ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Ikhuthaza ukufinyela kwesibeletho futhi yehlise ukopha futhi isiza isibeletho sibuyele kusayizi waso wangaphambili.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi omama abancelisa ibele ngokuvamile balahlekelwa igazi elincane kanye nokukhula ngokushesha kwesibeletho ngemva kokubeletha.

Omama abancelisa ibele basengozini encane yokucindezeleka

Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha yisimo esingaba khona ngemva nje kokuzalwa. ukucindezeleka uhlobo. Ihlasela omama abangu-15%. Abesifazane abancelisayo mancane amathuba okuba babe nokucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha kunanomama abazala ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma abancelisa ibele.

Nakuba ubufakazi buxubene ngandlela thize, ukuncelisa ibele kwaziwa ngokubangela izinguquko zamahomoni ezikhuthaza ukunakekelwa komama nokubophana. Olunye lwezinguquko ezisobala kakhulu ukwanda kwenani le-oxytocin ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokuncelisa. 

I-Oxytocin inemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside yokulwa nokukhathazeka. Iphinde ikhuthaze ukuhlangana ngokuthinta izifunda ezithile zobuchopho ezikhuthaza ukondleka nokuphumula.

Ukuncelisa ibele kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza

Ubisi lwebele lunikeza isivikelo sesikhathi eside kumdlavuza kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene kumama. Isikhathi esiphelele owesifazane asichitha encela ibele sihlobene nokuncipha kwengozi yomdlavuza webele nowesibeletho.

Eqinisweni, abesifazane abancelisa ibele isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ekuphileni kwabo banengozi ephansi ngama-28% kokubili umdlavuza webele nowesibeletho. Unyaka ngamunye wokuncelisa ibele uhlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwengozi yomdlavuza webele ngo-4.3%.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva luphinde lubonise ukuthi ukuncelisa ibele kungase kuvikele ku-metabolic syndrome, okwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nezinye izinkinga zempilo.

Abesifazane abancelisa iminyaka engu-1-2 esikhathini sokuphila kwabo banengozi ephansi ngo-2-10% yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo samathambo, amafutha aphezulu egazini, isifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 50.

Ukuncelisa ibele kuvimbela ukuya esikhathini

Ukuqhubeka nokuncelisa kuphinde kumise ukuphuma kweqanda nokuya esikhathini. Ukumisa imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini empeleni kuyindlela yemvelo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi kunesikhathi esithile phakathi kokukhulelwa.

Abanye besifazane basebenzisa lesi simo njengendlela yokulawula inzalo phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokubeletha. Nokho, khumbula ukuthi lokhu ngeke kube indlela ephumelela ngokuphelele yokulawula ukuzalwa.

Yonga isikhathi nemali

Ukuncelisa ibele kumahhala ngokuphelele futhi kudinga umzamo omncane kakhulu. Ngokukhetha ukuncelisa ibele, awudingi:

- Awuchithi imali kumama.

– Awuchithi isikhathi ngokuhlanza nokuvala amabhodlela ezingane.

- Akudingeki uvuke ebusuku ukuze uzondle.

– Awudingi ukulungisa ibhodlela lapho uphuma.

Ubisi lwebele luhlala lusezingeni elifanele futhi lulungele ukuphuzwa.

Umama oncelisayo kufanele ondliwe kanjani?

Ngenkathi uncelisa ingane yakho, izinga lakho lokulamba liyakhuphuka. Ukwenza ubisi lwebele kuwumsebenzi onzima emzimbeni futhi kudinga ama-calories engeziwe kanye namazinga aphezulu omsoco othize. Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, izidingo zamandla zikhuphuka cishe ngama-kilojoule angama-500 ngosuku.

Isidingo sezakhi ezithile naso siyakhula, njengamaprotheni, uvithamini D, uvithamini A, uvithamini E, uvithamini C, B12, i-selenium, ne-zinc. Ngakho-ke, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kubalulekile empilweni kamama nengane. 

Nazi izinketho zokudla okunomsoco okufanele uzibeke eqhulwini ngenkathi uncelisa:

Yini Ongayidla Ngenkathi Uncelisa Ibele?

izinhlanzi nezilwane zasolwandle

I-salmon, i-seaweed, i-shellfish, i-sardine

Inyama nezinkukhu

Inkukhu, inyama yenkomo, iwundlu, i-offal (njengesibindi)

Izithelo nemifino

Amajikijolo, utamatisi, upelepele, iklabishi, i-garlic, i-broccoli

Amantongomane kanye nembewu

Ama-alimondi, ama-walnuts, imbewu ye-chia, imbewu ye-hemp, imbewu yefilakisi

amafutha anempilo

Ukwatapheya, amafutha omnqumo, ukhukhunathi, iqanda, iyogathi enamafutha agcwele

Izitashi ezicebile nge-fiber

Amazambane, ithanga, ubhatata, ubhontshisi, i-lentils, i-oats, i-quinoa, i-buckwheat

okunye ukudla

Ushokoledi omnyama, i-sauerkraut

Yini okufanele idle omama abancelisayo akugcini kulokhu. Lezi zinikezwa njengezibonelo kuphela.

ngamanzi amaningi

Ngenkathi uncelisa, ungase uzizwe wome kakhulu futhi ulambe kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Njengoba umntwana eqala ukuncela, amazinga e-oxytocin ayakhula. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ubisi luqale ukugeleza. Lokhu futhi kuvuselela ukoma.

Izidingo zokufakwa kwamanzi zincike ezintweni ezifana namazinga omsebenzi kanye nokudla okunomsoco. Awukho umthetho olingana noyedwa uma kuziwa ekutheni udinga uketshezi olungakanani ngenkathi uncelisa. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, kufanele uphuze amanzi lapho womile futhi kuze kube yilapho ukoma kwakho kuphelile.

Nokho, uma uzizwa ukhathele noma ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwakho kuncipha, kungase kudingeke uphuze amanzi amaningi. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubona ukuthi uphuza amanzi anele umbala nephunga lomchamo wakho.

Uma iphuzi ngokumnyama futhi inephunga elinamandla, kuwuphawu lokuthi uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni futhi udinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi.

Ukudla Okungafanele Ukudle Umama Oncelisa Ibele

Ngaphandle uma ungezwani nokudla okuthile, kuphephile ukudla cishe noma yikuphi ukudla ngenkathi uncelisa. Nakuba amanye ama-flavour ashintsha ukunambitheka kobisi lwebele, lokhu akuphazamisi isikhathi sokuncelisa ingane.

Omunye umbono oyiphutha ovamile ukuthi ukudla "okunegesi" okufana nekholifulawa neklabishi kuzodala igesi enganeni. Nakuba lokhu kudla kubangela igesi kumama, izakhi ezikhuthaza igesi azidluli obisini lwebele.

Ukudla okuningi neziphuzo kuphephile ngenkathi uncelisa, kodwa kukhona okunye okufanele kulinganiselwe noma kugwenywe.

Yini Okufanele Badle Omama Abancelisa Ibele?

caffeine

Ukuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi akuyingozi, kodwa kungaphazamisa ukulala kwengane. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi abesifazane abancelisayo banciphise ukuphuza kwabo ikhofi cishe izinkomishi ezimbili kuya kwezi-2 ngosuku. 

utshwala

utshwala futhi idlulela obisini lwebele. Ukugxila kuyafana nenani elitholakala egazini likamama. Nokho, izinsana zigaya utshwala ngengxenye kuphela yezinga labantu abadala.

Ukuncelisa ibele ngemva kweziphuzo ezingu-1-2 kuphela kunciphisa ubisi lwengane. Utshwala kufanele bugwenywe lapho uncelisa.

Ubisi lwenkomo

Nakuba kungavamile, ezinye izingane zingase zingezwani nobisi lwenkomo. Uma umntwana engezwani nobisi lwenkomo, umama kufanele agweme imikhiqizo yobisi.

Ngenxa yalokho;

Ubisi lwebele luzonikeza umntwana zonke izakhamzimba ezidingayo. Ubisi lwebele lubuye lube namasosha omzimba nezinye izakhi ezivikela ingane ekuguleni nasekuguleni okungamahlalakhona. Futhi, omama abancelisayo baba nokucindezeleka okuncane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncelisa ibele kukunika isizathu esizwakalayo sokuzihlanganisa nosana lwakho olusanda kuzalwa, ukubeka izinyawo zakho phezulu futhi uphumule.