Kuyini i-hypercholesterolemia futhi kungani kwenzeka? Ukwelashwa kwe-hypercholesterolemia

I-cholesterol wuhlobo lwamafutha abalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa-ke, lapho amazinga e-cholesterol enyuka ngokungalawuleki, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypercholesterolemia singenzeka, esingaholela ezinkingeni zempilo. i-hypercholesterolemia, izifo zenhliziyo futhi kwandisa ingozi yezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izingozi ze-hypercholesterolemia nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuzivikela esingazithatha.

Iyini i-hypercholesterolemia?

I-Hypercholesterolemia yisimo lapho izinga le-cholesterol egazini liphezulu kunokuvamile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-cholesterol: i-LDL (low-density lipoprotein) ne-HDL (high-density lipoprotein). Nakuba i-cholesterol ye-LDL ithwala i-cholesterol eyeqile egazini, i-cholesterol ye-HDL ikhipha i-cholesterol eyeqile emangqamuzaneni futhi iyibuyisele esibindini. Ngokuvamile, i-hypercholesterolemia ihlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-LDL cholesterol.

Yini Ebangela I-Hypercholesterolemia? 

Kunezici ezimbalwa eziyinhloko ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. 

• Okokuqala, imikhuba yokudla engeyinhle kanye nokusebenzisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kuholela kulesi simo. ukudla okugayiwe, athosiwe, amafutha e-trans namafutha agcwele aphakathi kwezici ezandisa ingozi ye-hypercholesterolemia. Ukudla okunjalo kukhulisa izinga le-cholesterol egazini futhi kunomthelela ekuqongeleleni ama-plaque.
• Indlela yokuphila engenzi lutho nayo ingadala i-hypercholesterolemia. Ukungondleki kahle komzimba kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla emzimbeni futhi kwenyuse amazinga e-cholesterol. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuyisici esibalulekile ekulinganiseni amazinga e-cholesterol nokugwema i-hypercholesterolemia.
• Lesi sifo siphinde sithinteke yizakhi zofuzo. Ukuba khona kwalesi simo emndenini kwandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuthuthukisa i-hypercholesterolemia. Kulokhu, odokotela bavame ukutusa imithi ngokuhambisana nokudla okunamafutha aphansi.
• Ubudala nobulili nakho kuthinta ingozi ye-hypercholesterolemia. Ukwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen kwabesifazane ngemva kokuya esikhathini kungase kubangele ukukhuphuka kwe-cholesterol. Ngesikhathi sokuguga, i-metabolism yomzimba iyancipha futhi amazinga e-cholesterol anda.

Umndeni we-hypercholesterolemia

I-Family hypercholesterolemia idluliselwa kubazali ngenxa yokuguqulwa kofuzo kolunye lwezakhi ezintathu zofuzo okungenzeka. Enye yezakhi zofuzo ikhiqiza iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-LDL receptor (LDLR), eqeda i-low-density lipoprotein (LDL), noma i-cholesterol embi, egazini.

Ku-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni, ukuguqulwa kwenzeka kulesi sakhi sofuzo okubavimbela ekukhiqizeni i-LDLR. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kwe-cholesterol embi, enqwabelana egazini bese inqwabelana emithanjeni yegazi.

Esinye isizathu sokwenyuka kwamazinga e-cholesterol embi izinguquko ezakhini zofuzo ze-APOB ne-PCSK9.

Ngokuvamile isibindi sisebenza ukwenza i-cholesterol enhle, kodwa ku-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni isibindi asikwazi ukuvuselela i-cholesterol noma ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol. Lokhu kubangela amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni:

• I-Heterozygous family hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) yenzeka lapho umuntu ezuza ufuzo lwe-FH kumzali oyedwa.

• I-Homozygous family hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) yenzeka lapho umuntu ezuza ufuzo lwe-FH kubo bobabili abazali. Kuwuhlobo olungavamile lwe-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-hypercholesterolemia?

I-Hypercholesterolemia yisimo esiqhubeka buthule kubantu abaningi abangenawo amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxilonga kusenesikhathi. Nazi izinto okufanele uzazi ngezimpawu ze-hypercholesterolemia:

1. Ubuhlungu besisu kanye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla: Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol angabangela ukunqwabelana kwamafutha esibindini. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengobuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo.
2. Izinkinga zesikhumba: I-Hypercholesterolemia ingabangela umbala ophuzi esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka eduze kwamehlo, izandla nezinyawo. Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi i-cholesterol iyakhula emithanjeni.
3. Ubuhlungu besifuba: Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol angabangela ukuncipha kwemithambo yenhliziyo, okubangele ubuhlungu besifuba. Ubuhlungu besifuba bungacindezela noma bushise futhi buvame ukuzwakala ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
4. Ukuphefumula kanzima: Ama-cholesterol plaque angavimba imithambo yegazi, okuholela ebunzimeni bokuphefumula. Isikhati eside ukukhwehlelaIzimpawu ezinjengokuhefuzela, ukushaywa umoya, noma ukuphelelwa umoya kungase kube ngenxa ye-hypercholesterolemia.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypercholesterolemia

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlola amazinga e-cholesterol ephelele emzimbeni. Amanye amasu asebenzayo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hypercholesterolemia afaka:

1. Izinguquko zokudla okunomsoco

Ukuthuthukisa imikhuba yokudla kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwelapheni lesi sifo. Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunamafutha agcwele amafutha kanye nokukhetha ukudla okufana namafutha anempilo, izithelo ezintsha nemifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele kanye nemithombo yamaprotheni aphansi. Lezi zinguquko zisiza ukwehlisa amazinga e-LDL (cholesterol embi).

2. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njaloKuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwelapheni i-hypercholesterolemia. Ukuzivocavoca kwe-Aerobic kusiza ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol futhi kuthuthukise impilo yenhliziyo. Zimisele ukwenza okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yokuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic okunamandla okumaphakathi ngesonto.

3. Imithi

Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila zibalulekile ekwelapheni i-hypercholesterolemia, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi imithi ingase idingeke. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ama-statins noma eminye imithi ngendlela efanele. Le mithi inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol noma ivimbele ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol.

Izinkinga ze-Hypercholesterolemia

• Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol anyusa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. 
• I-LDL, noma i-cholesterol embi, ingavala imithambo futhi ibangele ukunqwabelana kwama-plaque ezindongeni zemithambo, okuholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi. 
• Ukwengeza, i-hypercholesterolemia ingaba uphawu lwezinkinga ezithile zempilo. Phakathi kwalezi zinkinga umfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala kanye nezinkinga zesibindi.

Indlela yokuvimbela i-Hypercholesterolemia?

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela noma yokulawula i-hypercholesterolemia ukusebenzisa indlela yokuphila enempilo. Nazi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzicabangele:

1. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha agcwele: Amafutha agcwele akhuphula amazinga e-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla okuqukethe amafutha agcwele, njengemikhiqizo yenyama, ukudla okugayiwe kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha agcwele, ngangokunokwenzeka. Kunalokho, ukwatapheya, amafutha omnqumo kanye inhlanzi Khetha imithombo yamafutha angagcwalisiwe njenge:
2. Yidla ukudla okune-fibrous: Ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu kuphumelela ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke, imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu okuphelele kanye okusanhlamvu Yidla ukudla okune-fiber okucebile njenge: Ungakhetha futhi imikhiqizo ye-oatmeal noma kakolweni ophelele njengesengezo se-fiber.
3. Sebenzisa i-omega-3 fatty acids: I-Omega-3 fatty acidsKuyasiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol futhi kuthuthukise impilo yenhliziyo. Zama ukudla njalo ukudla okucebile ku-omega-3, njenge-salmon, i-mackerel, i-avocado nama-walnuts.
4. Nciphisa ukudla kukasawoti: Ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti omningi kuphakamisa umfutho wegazi futhi kungase kwandise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukudla kukasawoti. Esikhundleni sokudla okugayiwe, zama ukunandisa ukudla kwakho ngezinongo ezintsha namakhambi.
5. Zivocavoce njalo: Ngaphezu kokudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kubalulekile ezigulini ze-hypercholesterolemia. Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol futhi kuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yonke. Zama ukuzivocavoca ngamandla amaphakathi okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto.
6. Nciphisa ukubhema nokusetshenziswa kotshwala: Ukubhema kanye nokuphuza ngokweqile kunomthelela omubi emazingeni e-cholesterol futhi kwandisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhelana nale mikhuba.

Ngenxa yalokho;

I-Hypercholesterolemia yinkinga yezempilo ebangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. I-hypercholesterolemia engalawuleki iyingozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Kodwa-ke, ungavimbela noma ulawule i-hypercholesterolemia ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi ulandele izincomo zikadokotela wakho. Izinyathelo ezinjengokudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokunciphisa ukubhema nokuphuzwa kotshwala kuzogcina amazinga e-cholesterol elawulwa futhi kukusize uphile impilo enempilo.

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