Yintoni iSickle Cell Anemia, Ibangelwa yintoni? Iimpawu kunye noNyango

I-anemia ye-sickle cellluhlobo lwesifo se-heeditary sickle cell. Ichaphazela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin. Ngokuba lilifa, okunye ianemia ezahlukeneyo kwiintlobo zabo. Kungenxa yokuba isuka kubazali isiya kubantwana babo.

Ngoku unyango lwe-sickle cell anemia Hayi. Kukho iindlela zonyango zokulawula iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki.

izigulane ze-anemia ye-sickle cellInxalenye ebalulekileyo yentsimbi, i-zinc, Ubhedu, i-folic acid, i-pyridoxine, i-vitamin D kunye Ivithamin E Ifumana ukunqongophala kwezondlo ezifana nezi: 

Ukutya okunokulinganisela; njengokulibaziseka kokukhula kunye nophuhliso, ukunciphisa ukuxinana kwamathambo, ukwanda komngcipheko wokuphuka, iingxaki zombono, ukuchaphazeleka kwizifo, njl. I-anemia ye-sickle cellKubalulekile ukuthintela iingxaki ezinxulumene ne

Yintoni i-sickle cell anemia?

I-anemia ye-sickle cell Yinxalenye ye "hemoglobinopathy". IHemoglobinopathies ivela xa umntu efumana ubuncinane umzila wemfuza we<em>beta globin “osisiphene” omnye kumzali nomnye umzila wemfuza wehemoglobin ongaqhelekanga ochaphazela indlela ezisebenza ngayo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Abo banesifo se-sickle cell bavelisa i-hemoglobin engaqhelekanga. Izifo ze-sickle cell ziphawulwa ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga ezikhubazeke zibe yicrescent. Le milo yenza kube nzima ukuba igazi lidlule kwimikhumbi.

Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezimile okwesikela ziqina kwaye ziyaphuka. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ngelixa kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini emzimbeni.

Ngubani ofumana i-sickle cell anemia?

• Abantwana basemngciphekweni wesifo se-sickle cell ukuba abazali bobabini bane-sickle cell trait.
• Abantu abahlala kwimimandla enesifo seengcongconi, njengeAfrika, iIndiya, iMeditera kunye neSaudi Arabia, kunokwenzeka ukuba babe ngabathwali.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-sickle cell anemia?

iimpawu ze-sickle cell anemia Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka
• umlilo
• Ukuvuvukala kunye ne-edema
• Ukuphefumula okufutshane okwenza kube nzima ukuhamba kunye iintlungu zesifuba
• Intlungu edibeneyo kunye nethambo
• Intlungu zesisu
• iingxaki zombono
• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye nokuphazamiseka kokutya 
• Amanxeba esikhumbeni ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi
• Iimpawu ze-jaundice
• ukwanda kwespleen
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wamahlwili egazi ngenxa yemithambo yegazi evalekileyo
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wokulimala kwesibindi, umonakalo wezintso, umonakalo wemiphunga, kunye ne-gallstones
• ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo
• Iingxaki zophuhliso ezifana nokunciphisa i-trunk ngokulingana neengalo kunye nemilenze kubantwana
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wokuhlaselwa yi-stroke, ukuxhuzula, kunye neempawu ezifana nokuba ndindisholo emilenzeni, kunzima ukuthetha, kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Umngcipheko ophezulu wokwandiswa kwentliziyo kunye nokumbombozela kwentliziyo

Iimbangela ze-sickle cell anemia

i-sickle cell anemia, Kukuphazamiseka kwemfuza. Ibangelwa lifa lemfuza ethile, kungekhona indlela yokuphila okanye isondlo. yomntwana I-anemia ye-sickle cellUkuze uyifumane, kufuneka uzuze ilifa lemizila yemfuza eneziphene kubazali bobabini.

Xa umntwana ezuza ilifa lemfuza enesiphene kumzali omnye kuphela, uya kuba nesifo se<em>sickle cell kodwa angabi nazimpawu zipheleleyo. Ezinye zeeseli zabo ezibomvu zegazi kunye nehemoglobin iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Abanye baya kuba neziphene.

Inyangwa njani i-sickle cell anemia?

Ekubeni isifo se-sickle cell singanyangeki, injongo yonyango kukuba “ingxaki yesigulana” kukuthintela nokunciphisa iimpawu ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi. 

ingxaki yesigulana okanye ukuba kukho imeko kaxakeka, izigulane kufuneka zihlale esibhedlele kwaye zibekwe esweni ngelixa zifumana ulwelo kunye namayeza. Olona phawu lucacileyo lukhawuleza, lubukhali, luhlaba iintlungu esiswini nasesifubeni. Kwezinye iimeko, isigulana sinokufuna ioksijini kunye notofelo-gazi. Olunye unyango lubandakanya:

• Ichiza leHydroxyurea: Yandisa imveliso yohlobo lwe-hemoglobin enceda ukuthintela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ekubeni zenze imilo yerhengqa.

• Utyando lomongo wethambo: Umongo wethambo okanye iiseli ze-stem zingathathwa kwilungu lentsapho elingenaso isifo kwaye lifakwe kwisigulane. Le yinkqubo enobungozi. Kudinga ukuthatha amayeza acinezela amajoni omzimba kwaye athintele umzimba ekulweni neeseli ezitshintshiweyo.

• Unyango lwemfuzo: Oku kwenziwa ngokufakela imizila yemfuza kwiiseli ezingaphambili ezivelisa iiseli zegazi ezibomvu eziqhelekileyo.

Unyango lweNdalo lweSickle Cell Anemia

ukutya kwe-anemia

Isondlo, I-anemia ye-sickle cellAyincedi ukuphucula . Kodwa inceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela ezinye iingxaki. I-anemia ye-sickle cell Iingcebiso ngezondlo zoku:

• Fumana iikhalori ezaneleyo. 
• Yitya iintlobo ngeentlobo zeziqhamo nemifuno.
• Yidla iiprotheyini ezaneleyo kunye namafutha anempilo. 
• Yitya ukutya okuphezulu kwi-folate, enceda ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• Yitya iinkozo, iimbotyi kunye nemithombo yeprotheyini yezilwanyana ukuze ufumane iivithamini B ezaneleyo.
• Ukungalingani kwe-ElectrolyteSela amanzi aneleyo yonke imihla ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.  
• Musa ukutya ukutya okucutshungulwayo okufana neswekile ephathwayo, iinkozo ezicolisisiweyo, ukutya okukhawulezayo kunye neziselo ezineswekile.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesongezo sesondlo

Ukongeza kokutya okunempilo kunye nokwahlukeneyo, iingcali zincoma izongezo ezahlukeneyo ezinokunyanga ukusilela, ukukhusela amathambo kunye nokubonelela ngezinye iziphumo zokukhusela:

• Ivithamin D
• calcium
• Folate/folic acid
• Omega 3 fatty acids
• I-Vitamin B6 kunye ne-B12
• I-Multivitamins equkethe ubhedu, i-zinc kunye ne-magnesium

Iioli eziyimfuneko zokunciphisa intlungu

I-anemia ye-sickle cellInokubangela ukuqina kwamalungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, iintlungu zethambo, kunye neentlungu zesisu okanye zesifuba. I-Painkillers ayikhuthazwa ukuba isetyenziswe rhoqo njengoko iya kuchaphazela kakubi imisebenzi yezintso kunye nesibindi. 

iioli ezibalulekileyoikhulula iintlungu kunye nokunyanga ulusu olunomsindo, ukuphucula ukugonywa kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphumla.

Ioli yeMintingasetyenziswa eluswini ukunciphisa imisipha kunye neentlungu zamalungu. Ezinye ioli eziyimfuneko ezinceda iimpawu ziquka intlaka yokuqhumisa ukunciphisa ukudumba; Kukho ioyile zesitrasi ezomelezayo ezifana nelavenda zokuphelisa uxinzelelo kunye neorenji okanye igrapefruit ukunciphisa ukudinwa.

Ziziphi iingxaki ze-sickle cell anemia?

I-anemia ye-sickle cellIbangela iingxaki ezimandundu ezenzekayo xa iiseli zerhengqa zivala imithambo yegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Imiqobo ebuhlungu okanye eyonakalisayo iingxaki zeseli yegula Kubizwa.

Oku kulandelayo I-anemia ye-sickle cellIimeko ezinokuvela:

• i-anemia enzima
• i-hand-foot syndrome
• ukuhluthwa kodakada
• Ukukhula kade
• Iingxaki ze-neurological ezifana nokuxhuzula kunye nemivimbo
• iingxaki zamehlo
• izilonda zolusu
• Isifo senhliziyo kunye nesifo sesifuba
• isifo semiphunga
• I-Priapism
• amatye enyongo
• isifo sesifuba sesifo

Abantu abane-anemia ye-sickle cellKukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana usulelo kunye nesifo. Kubalulekile ukuba aba bantu bazikhwebule kubantu abagulayo. Ukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ukuba kude nobushushu obugqithisileyo nokubanda, ukungenzi umthambo ngamandla, ukulala ngokwaneleyo nokusela amanzi awaneleyo ngamanqaku afuna ukuthathelwa ingqalelo.

Ukuba kukho nayiphi na yezi mpawu zilandelayo (ingakumbi ebantwaneni), qhagamshelana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-38.5°C
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye neentlungu esifubeni nasesiswini
• Intloko ebuhlungu, utshintsho lombono kunye nobunzima bokugxila
• Bukela