Yintoni iAnemia? Iimpawu, oonobangela kunye noNyango

isifo se-anemia ichaphazela kakhulu abasetyhini nabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuzala. anaemia Kule meko, i-RBC count okanye amanqanaba e-hemoglobin ayancipha. ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukubanda kwezandla neenyawo; fatigue kwaye yenza ulusu lube luthuthu.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, ianemia inokubulala. Ngotshintsho oluncinci oluthile, imeko iyanyangeka ngokulula. Inokuthintelwa ekubeni yingxaki yempilo eqhubekayo. 

Yintoni isifo se-anemia?

I-anemia, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-anemia, i-RBC count okanye amanqanaba e-hemoglobin awela ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo.

Ii-RBCs zinoxanduva lokuhambisa ioksijini kuwo onke amalungu omzimba. IHemoglobin, iprotein ene iron etyebileyo efumaneka kwiiRBCs, inika iiseli zegazi umbala wazo obomvu.

Kwakhona kuvuselela ukujiya kwegazi, ukunceda ukubopha ioksijini, ukulwa nezifo kunye nokuthintela ukulahleka kwegazi. 

anaemiaOku kubangela ukuba ioksijini encinci ifikelele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. 

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-anemia?

Ngaphandle kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo ezithwala ioksijini kuwo wonke umzimba, akunakwenzeka ukuthwala ioksijini eyaneleyo engqondweni, kwizicubu, izihlunu kunye neeseli. anaemia izibonakalisa ngezi mpawu zilandelayo;

• ukukhathala
• Ubuthathaka
• ukujika kolusu
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubanda kwezandla neenyawo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
• Ukunciphisa amandla
• ubunzima bokugxila

Ziziphi izizathu zeanemia?

Ukuhla kwi-RBC count okanye i-hemoglobin ingenzeka ngezizathu ezithathu eziphambili:

• Umzimba usenokungavelisi iiRBCs zaneleyo.
• IiRBCs zinokutshatyalaliswa ngumzimba.
• Ukulahleka kwegazi kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuya esikhathini, ukwenzakala, okanye ezinye izizathu zokuphuma kwegazi.

Izinto ezinciphisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi

Ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye kubangela i-anemia Izinto ezenzekayo zezi:

• Ukungavuseleli ngokwaneleyo kokuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi yi-hormone erythropoietin eveliswa zizintso
• Ukungonelanga kwe-iron yokutya, i-vitamin B12 okanye i-folate intake
• hypothyroidism

Izinto ezandisa ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi

Nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okutshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zenziwe ianemiainokubangela. Oku kudla ngokulandelayoUninzi lwenzeka ngenxa yokopha okunokwenzeka ngenxa yoku:

• Endometriosis

• iingozi
• Izilonda zesisu
• inombolo
• ukuzalwa
• ukopha kakhulu kwesibeleko
• Umsebenzi
• i-cirrhosis ebandakanya ukukrala kwesibindi
• I-Fibrosis (izicubu ezibomvu) kumongo wethambo
• hemolysis
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi kunye ne-spleen
• Iziphazamiso zemfuzo ezifana ne-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) ukunqongophala, ithalassemia, i-sickle cell anemia 

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-anemia?

ukunqongophala kwe-iron anemia

ukunqongophala kwe-iron anemia ezixhaphake kakhulu uhlobo lwe-anemiaYeka. I-iron ibalulekile ukuze abantu bavelise i-hemoglobin. Ukulahlekelwa ligazi, ukutya okungenamsoco, nokungakwazi komzimba ukufunxa i-iron ekutyeni kunokukhokelela ekubeni uswele i-iron. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa i-hemoglobin eyaneleyo.

ianemia yeplastiki

olu hlobo ianemiaKwenzeka xa umzimba ungavelisi iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezaneleyo (RBCs). Ii-RBCs ziveliswa kumongo rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-120. Xa umongo wethambo awukwazi ukuvelisa i-RBC, inani legazi liyehla kwaye ianemiaiqhubela kwi.

I-anemia ye-sickle cell

isifo se-sickle cell, ingxaki enkulu yegazi I-anemia ye-sickle cellyintoni ebangela Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziyi-flat disc okanye i-sickle-shaped kolu hlobo lwe-anemia. Ii-RBCs zine-hemoglobin engaqhelekanga eyaziwa ngokuba yi-sickle cell hemoglobin. Oku kubanika imilo engaqhelekanga. Iiseli ze-sickle zincangathi kwaye zithintela ukuhamba kwegazi.

i-anemia ye-hemolytic

olu hlobo ianemiaKwenzeka xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zitshatyalaliswa ngaphambi kokuba ubomi bazo obuqhelekileyo buphele. Umongo wethambo awukwazi ukuvelisa iiRBC ezintsha ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomzimba.

Vitamin B12 ukunqongophala anemia

Njengentsimbi, i-vitamin B12 ibalulekile kwimveliso eyaneleyo ye-hemoglobin. Uninzi lweemveliso zezilwanyana zityebile kwi-vitamin B12.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimifuno okanye kwi-vegans, Ukunqongophala kwe-Vitamin B12 inokuba njalo. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-hemoglobin emzimbeni. ianemiaiyayibangela. Olu hlobo lwe-anemia i-anemia eyingozi Kwaziwa njenge.

ithalassemia

I-Thalassemia sisifo sofuzo apho umzimba ungenzi iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ngokwaneleyo.

I-Fanconi anemia

I-Fanconi anemiasisifo segazi esinqabileyo esibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle komongo wethambo. I-Fanconi anemia ithintela umongo ekuveliseni iiRBCs ezaneleyo.

i-anemia yokulahleka kwegazi

Ukopha kakhulu ngexesha lokuya exesheni, ukopha okubangelwa kukwenzakala, utyando, umhlaza, umjelo womchamo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yokwetyisa, i-anemia yokulahleka kwegaziyintoni enokukhokelela.

Ziziphi izinto ezinobungozi kwi-anemia?

• Ukunqongophala kwe-iron okanye i-vitamin B12
• Yiba ngumfazi
• Abantu abane-anemia eyingozi bafumana ivithamin B12 eyaneleyo kodwa abakwazi ukuyigaya ngokufanelekileyo.
• Senile
• Ukukhulelwa
• Candida
• Isifo se-Autoimmune (njenge lupus)
• Imiba yokugaya ephazamisa ukufunxa izondlo, ezifana nesifo sesibindi esivuthayo, isifo sikaCrohn, okanye izilonda
• Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwee-counter-the-counter zokuthomalalisa iintlungu
• Ngamaxesha athile ianemia lilifa. 

Ifunyaniswa njani i-anemia?

ugqirha wakho ukuxilongwa kwe-anemiaUlwazi kunye novavanyo olufunekayo ukubeka i

Imbali yosapho: Ezimbalwa uhlobo lwe-anemia ekubeni iyimfuza, ugqirha ianemiaUya kufumanisa ukuba unayo.

Uvavanyo lweFiziksi

• Ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo ukubona ukuba akukho zitenxo na.
• Ukumamela imiphunga ukujonga ukuba ukuphefumla akukho siqhelo na.
• Ukujonga ubungakanani bespleen okanye isibindi.

Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo: Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwesibalo segazi lujonga i-hemoglobin kunye namanqanaba e-hematocrit.

Olunye uvavanyo: Ugqirha unoku-odola uvavanyo lwe-reticulocyte (isibalo esincinci se-RBC). Uvavanyo lusenokufuneka ukwazi uhlobo lwe-hemoglobin ekwii-RBCs kunye nokujonga amanqanaba e-iron emzimbeni.

Inyangwa njani ianemia?

Unyango lwe-anemia, Kuxhomekeke kwinto ebangele oko.

• Ibangelwa yimali enganeleyo yentsimbi, i-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate ianemiaunyango ngezongezo zesondlo. Ugqirha uya kuncoma ukutya okuqulethe inani elifanelekileyo lamavithamini, amaminerali kunye nezinye izondlo. 
• Ukutya okufanelekileyo ianemiaKuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuphindaphinda.
• Kwezinye iimeko, ianemia Ukuba iqatha, oogqirha basebenzisa inaliti ye-erythropoietin ukwandisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kumongo wethambo. 
• Ukuba ukopha kuyenzeka okanye ukuba umgangatho we<em>hemoglobin uphantsi kakhulu, kusenokufuneka utofelo-gazi.