umamiHe ʻono ia e like me ka ʻono, ka ʻawaʻawa, ka paʻakai a me ka ʻawaʻawa i ʻike ʻia e ko kākou alelo. Ua ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mai kona ʻike ʻia ʻana, akā ʻono ʻelima Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo ia ka makahiki 1985.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ona ʻono ponoʻī. umami, he Kepani a ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu ma kēia ʻōlelo. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia inoa ma nā ʻōlelo āpau.
He aha ka Umami?
Ma ka ʻepekema umami; He hui ia o nā ʻono glutamate, inosinate a i ʻole guanylate. ʻO Glutamate - a i ʻole glutamic acid - he amino acid i loaʻa maʻamau i nā mea kanu a me nā protein holoholona. Loaʻa ka Inosinate i nā ʻiʻo, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka guanylate i nā mea kanu.
ʻAla ʻumamiLoaʻa ka wai i loko o nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe-protein, a huna ke kino i ka kohu a me nā wai hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻoheheʻe i kēia mau protein.
Ma waho aʻe o ka digestion, nā meaʻai waiwai umamiloaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi olakino. Eia kekahi laʻana, hōʻike nā haʻawina e hoʻopiha nui ana kēia mau meaʻai.
No laila, nā meaʻai waiwai umamiʻO ka ʻai ʻana iā ia e kōkua i ka pohō kaumaha ma ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai.
Moolelo o Umami ono
ʻAla ʻumamiUa ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1908 e ka mea lapaʻau Kepani ʻo Kikunae Ikeda. Ua aʻo ʻo Ikeda i ka dashi Iapana (he mea hoʻohana i ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha Kepani) ma ka pae molekala a ʻike i nā mea e hāʻawi ai i kona ʻono kūʻokoʻa.
Ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia he glutamic acid ka ʻono o ka limu (ke kumu nui). Loaʻa mai ka huaʻōlelo Kepani ʻo "umai" ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻono"umami” ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia.
umamiʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a hiki i ka makahiki 1980, ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea noiʻi he ʻono mua ka umami, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea ʻono ʻē aʻe (ʻawaʻawa, ʻono, ʻawa, paʻakai).ʻO kāu ʻōlelo hoʻi umami Ua loaʻa iā ia nā mea kūʻai kūikawā no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke poʻo inoa o ka "lima ʻono".
Pehea ka ʻono o Umami?
umami, e like me ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu e pili pinepine ana me nā broths a me nā ʻuala. Nui umamiManaʻo ʻo ia he puhi, lepo, a ʻiʻo paha.
ʻOiai he nui ka poʻe e ʻōlelo nei he paʻakikī ke wehewehe ʻana, ua hui pū ʻia ka huaʻōlelo me nā meaʻai hōʻoluʻolu a hoʻohui ʻia e like me ka cheese a i ʻole ka meaʻai Kina.
kekahi mau meaʻai ʻono umami maoliʻoiai ua loaʻa iā ia, Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia i ka wā o ka kuke ʻana ma o ka hopena Maillard. Hoʻololi kēia ʻano i ka meaʻai i ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o nā kō a me nā protein i loko o nā waikawa amino, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻono ʻāhuhi, caramelized.
umami hana no hoi i ka manao ma ka palale me kona ono. Ke uhi ʻia nā glutamate i ke alelo, hoʻomānoʻo lākou i ka pāʻina, e alakaʻi ana i ka manaʻo o ka piha a me ka māʻona holoʻokoʻa.
Ke waiho nei kēia ʻano waha ʻeleʻele i kahi mea ʻono e hāʻawi ai i kahi hoʻomanaʻo naʻau i hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia e ka ʻike a i ʻole ka honi ʻana, e hoʻoulu mau ai i nā meaʻai ʻono umami. No ka mea nā meaʻai me ka umamihelu pinepine ʻia ma nā menus appetizer e hoʻonui i ke kūʻai koke ʻana.
ʻAe"he aha ka umami?“Eia kekahi mau pono olakino kamahaʻo meaʻai umami...
He aha ka ʻono o ka Umami?
limu
He haʻahaʻa ka limu i loko o nā calorie akā ua piha i nā meaʻai a me nā antioxidants. He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka glutamate maʻiʻo. ʻala umamiʻo ia ke kumu. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohui ai ka limu i ka ʻono i nā meaʻai o ka meaʻai Iapana.
Nā Meaʻai Kūʻai Soya
Hana ʻia nā meaʻai soy mai ka soybeans, kahi mea nui o ka meaʻai ʻAsia.Soybean ʻOiai hiki ke ʻai ʻia a pau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia a hana ʻia i loko o nā huahana like ʻole e like me ka tofu, tempeh, miso, a me ka soy sauce.
ʻO ka hana ʻana a me ka fermentation o ka soybeans e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka glutamate maʻiʻo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā protein i nā waikawa amino manuahi, ʻoi aku ka glutamic acid.
Kahiko Kahiko
He kiʻekiʻe ka glutamate i nā cheese kahiko. E like me ka makahiki o ka cheeses, ua wāwahi ʻia kā lākou mau protein i loko o nā waikawa amino manuahi ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo proteolysis. Hoʻonui kēia i nā pae glutamic acid manuahi.
ʻO nā kīʻaha ka lōʻihi loa (e laʻana, ma waena o 24 a 30 mau mahina) ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi loa, e like me ka parmesan Italian. e ʻono i ka umami loaʻa. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻololi nui ai i ka ʻono o kahi kīʻaha.
Kimchi
Kimchihe kīʻaha Korea kuʻuna i hana ʻia me nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻala. Hoʻopau kēia mau mea kanu i nā mea kanu ma ka hana ʻana i nā enzyme digestive e like me nā protease, lipases a me nā amylases. ʻO Bacillus fermented by bacteria.
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa nā Proteases i nā molekole protein i kimchi i loko o nā waikawa amino manuahi ma o ke kaʻina hana proteolysis. Hoʻonui kēia i ka pae glutamic acid o ka kimchi.
ʻO wai wale nō umami ʻAʻole wale ia he kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā pūhui, he olakino maikaʻi nō hoʻi, e kaena ana i nā pono olakino e like me ka hoʻoemi ʻana a me nā pae cholesterol koko.
kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo
kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo He inu kaulana a maikaʻi hoʻi. ʻO ka inu ʻana i kēia kī hāʻawi i nā pōmaikaʻi he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi type 2, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae "ʻino" LDL cholesterol, a me ke kaumaha o ke kino. Hoʻohui ʻia, he kiʻekiʻe ka kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka glutamate, e lilo ia i mea ʻono, ʻawaʻawa a me umami He ono kona.
He kiʻekiʻe hoʻi kēia mea inu i ka theanine, he amino acid i like ke ʻano me ka glutamate. Hōʻike nā haʻawina he kiʻekiʻe ka theanine umami e hōʻike ana i kahi kuleana ma nā pae hui.
ʻO Deniz ürünleri
Nui nā ʻano meaʻai kai umami kiʻekiʻe i nā pūhui. Hiki i ka iʻa iʻa ke komo maoli i ka glutamate a me ka inosinate. ʻO ka Inosinate kekahi mea hoʻohana maʻamau i mea hoʻohui meaʻai. umami he hui.
ʻiʻo
ʻiʻo, ʻono ʻelima He pūʻulu meaʻai ʻē aʻe ia i kiʻekiʻe i nā meaʻai. E like me ka iʻa iʻa, loaʻa maoli ka glutamate a me ka inosinate.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka waika glutamic ma mua o ka ʻiʻo hou no ka mea e wāwahi ana kēia mau kaʻina i nā protein piha a hoʻokuʻu i ka glutamic acid manuahi.
ʻAe hua moa - hāʻawi i ka glutamate, ʻaʻole naʻe ka ʻiʻo ʻono umami ʻo ia ke kumu.
nā komako
nā komako mea kanu maikai loa ʻono umami kekahi o na kumu. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻono o ka tōmato ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka glutamic acid.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka piʻi ʻana o ka pae glutamic acid i nā ʻōmato ke oʻo lākou. No ka mea, ʻo ke kaʻina hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka tōmato e hoʻemi i ka makū a hoʻopaʻa i ka glutamate umami Hoʻonui ia i ka ʻono.
Fish
Fish, kekahi mea kanu nui ʻono umami ʻo ia ke kumu. E like me nā ʻōmato, hoʻonui nui ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i kā lākou ʻano glutamate.
Hoʻopiha pū ʻia nā halo i nā meaʻai, me nā huaora B, me nā pono olakino e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale a me nā pae cholesterol.
ʻO nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i loko o ka Umami
Ma waho aʻe o nā meaʻai ma luna, aia kekahi mau meaʻai ʻē aʻe umami He ʻono kiʻekiʻe.
Ma waena o kēia mau meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka glutamate i ka sauce oyster. No ka mea, ua hana ʻia ka ʻuala ʻoyster me kahi ʻano glutamate kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoy i hoʻolapalapa ʻia a i ʻole ka ʻoyster extract. umami waiwai ma ke ano o
Pehea e hoʻohui ai i ka Umami i nā meaʻai
E hoʻohana i nā mea waiwai umami
ʻO kekahi mau meaʻai maʻamau umami komo. ʻO nā ʻōmato pala, nā halo maloʻo, kombu (seaweed), anchovies, parmesan cheese, etc. - keia mau mea a pau umamiLawe ʻo ia i ka ʻono o ka turkey i nā mea ʻai.
E hoʻohana i nā meaʻai fermented
nā meaʻai fermented kiʻekiʻe umami loaʻa maʻiʻo. E ho'āʻo e hoʻohana i nā mea e like me ka soy sauce i kāu ʻai.
E hoʻohana i ka ʻiʻo i hoʻōla ʻia
ʻO nā ʻiʻo kahiko a i hoʻōla ʻia umami he nui kona ʻono. ʻO ka Bacon, ka sausage kahiko a me ka salami, kekahi meaʻai umami E lawe mai i ka ʻono.
E hoʻohana i ka cheese kahiko
ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Parmesan no ka pasta wale nō, akā no ka ʻai. ʻono umami kaʻaahi.
E hoʻohana i nā mea ʻala nui i umami
E like me ke ketchup, ka paʻi tōmato, ka ʻuala iʻa, ka soy sauce, ka ʻuala ʻoyster, etc. mea ʻala waiwai ʻo umamiʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia e hoʻohui i kēia ʻono i nā kīʻaha. Mai makaʻu i ka hana hou, e hoʻāʻo i nā mea like ʻole.
Ma ka hopena;
umami ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻono kumu ʻelima. Loaʻa kona ʻono mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka amino acid glutamate - a i ʻole glutamic acid - a i ʻole inosinate a i ʻole nā pūhui guanylate i loaʻa maʻamau i nā meaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻonui wale i ka ʻono o ka meaʻai, akā hoʻemi hoʻi i ka makemake.
umami ʻO kekahi mau meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka pūhui he iʻa, ʻiʻo, cheeses kahiko, limu, meaʻai soy, halo, ʻōmato, kimchi, kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i kēia mau meaʻai no nā ʻono like ʻole.
