Iyini I-Potassium, Yini Ekuyo? Ukuntuleka Kwe-Potassium Nokweqisa

Iyini i-potassium? I-Potassium iyiminerali yesithathu egcwele kakhulu emzimbeni wethu futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. Kuyadingeka kuwo wonke amaseli aphilayo. Kuyasiza ukugcina ibhalansi ye-fluid ne-electrolyte, ukusebenza kwemisipha, nokugcina umfutho wegazi ulawulwa.

ukuthola i-potassium eyanele, Kucatshangwa ukuthi iyiminerali ebaluleke kakhulu yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isici esiyingozi sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo. Yehlisa nomfutho wegazi. Umthamo wansuku zonke we-potassium uyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-3500 no-4700 mg. 

Iyini i-Potassium?

I-Potassium iyimaminerali ebaluleke kakhulu kanye ne-electrolyte. Itholakala ekudleni okuhlukahlukene, njengemifino enamahlamvu, imidumba, nesaumoni. Cishe i-98% ye-potassium emzimbeni wethu itholakala kumaseli. Amaphesenti angu-80 alawa atholakala kumangqamuzana emisipha, kanti ama-20% atholakala emathanjeni, esibindini nakumangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Le mineral idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. Ilawula ukufinyela kwemisipha, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, nokulinganisela kwamanzi. Nakuba kubalulekile, abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke abanayo i-potassium.

Izinzuzo Potassium

• Yehlisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu: I-Potassium yehlisa umfutho wegazi kubantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

• Yehlisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi: Ukudla okunothe nge-potassium kunganciphisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi kuze kufike ku-27%.

• Ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis: Ukuthola i-potassium eyanele kuvimbela i-osteoporosis, okubangela ukuphuka kwamathambo.

• Ivimbela amatshe ezinso: Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi i-potassium inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yamatshe ezinso.

Yini Ekwi-Potassium?

• ubhanana

ubhananaIngenye yokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium. Ubhanana omaphakathi uqukethe u-9 mg we-potassium, okungamaphesenti angu-422 wokudla okunconyiwe. Ubhanana unama-carbohydrate angama-90% futhi uqukethe amanani amancane amaprotheni namafutha. 

• ukwatapheya

ukwatapheya Kuyisithelo esinempilo ngokwedlulele. Futhi kungenye yokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium. 100 amagremu ukwatapheya inikeza 485 mg potassium; lokhu kungaphezu kukabhanana.

• izambane elimhlophe

izambane elimhlopheImifino ene-fibrous kanye nokudla okune-potassium ephezulu. Izambane eliphakathi nendawo elinesikhumba linikeza u-926 mg we-potassium nama-calories angu-161. Futhi inothile nge-magnesium, amavithamini C, B6, i-fiber kanye ne-folate.

• Ubhatata

UbhatataI-100 grams yephayinaphu inikeza u-475 mg we-potassium futhi ungama-calories angu-90. Lokhu kufana no-10% wesidingo sansuku zonke se-potassium.

• imikhiqizo katamatisi

utamatisi Iguquguquka futhi iwukudla okubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yenhliziyo. Futhi kungenye yokudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu le-potassium. Imikhiqizo katamatisi efana ne-tomato paste, i-puree kanye nejusi iyimithombo emihle kakhulu, nakuba utamatisi omusha nawo une-potassium. I-100 grams ye-tomato puree 439 mg, inkomishi yejusi katamatisi 556 mg we-potassium inikeza.

• ubhontshisi

Okuqukethwe kwe-potassium ku-100 amagremu wezinye izinhlobo zikabhontshisi kungokulandelayo:

• Ubhontshisi owomile = 454 mg
• Ubhontshisi weLima = 508 mg
• Ubhontshisi wePinto = 436 mg
• Ubhontshisi wezinso = 403 mg

Ngaphandle kwe-potassium, ubhontshisi ungumthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyi-amino acid ebalulekile engatholakali okusanhlamvu. i-lysine Iqukethe. 

• Amabhilikosi omisiwe

Ukudla okulula okumnandi nokunomsoco, amagremu ayi-100 ebhilikosi ahlinzeka ngo-1162 mg we-potassium. Amabhilikosi omisiwe ane-potassium ephezulu kanye nama-antioxidants abizwa ngokuthi ama-phytochemicals afana ne-phenoxic, flavonoids, phytoestrogens kanye ne-carotenoids.

• Iyogathi

Amagremu angu-100 e-yoghurt egcwele amafutha aqukethe i-155 mg ye-potassium futhi ibuye ibe umthombo omuhle kakhulu wamaprotheni, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium namavithamini B. Ukwengeza, iyogathi iqukethe ama-probiotics akhuthaza impilo.

• Uhlobo lwenhlanzi

I-salmon yasendle ephekiwe iqukethe u-100 mg we-potassium ngamagremu angu-628, kuyilapho i-salmon efuywayo inengaphansi kuka-100 mg ngegremu ngayinye eyi-384. I-salmon iphezulu ku-omega 3 fatty acids. Lawa mafutha anomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala. Kuyasiza ezimeni eziningi ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifuba somoya, isifo samathambo kanye nomdlavuza.

• Spinach

Spinach Imifino enamahlamvu aluhlaza, edliwa iluhlaza futhi iphekiwe. Iqukethe kakhulu amanzi (91%), amanani amancane amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrates namafutha. I-100 grams yesipinashi inikeza u-558 mg we-potassium. 

Izidingo zansuku zonke ze-Potassium

Isidingo sansuku zonke se-potassium sincike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nesimo sempilo yomuntu kanye nezinga lomsebenzi. Akukho ukutuswa kokudla kwansuku zonke kwe-potassium. Kuthiwa ingathathwa phakathi kuka-3500 mg no-4700 mg. Kukhona nalabo abadinga ukudla amanani aphezulu e-potassium. Lezi;

• Abasubathi: Labo abenza umsebenzi omude futhi oqinile balahlekelwa inani elikhulu le-potassium ngokujuluka. Ngakho-ke, badinga okwengeziwe.
• Amaqembu asengozini enkulu: Abantu abasengcupheni yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, izinso, i-osteoporosis, noma unhlangothi kufanele bathole okungenani ama-4700 mg we-potassium ngosuku.

Ukuntuleka kwePotassium

Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium, okubizwa nangokuthi i-hypokalemia, kusho ukuba ngaphansi kuka-3,5 mmol we-potassium ilitha ngalinye egazini. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa i-potassium eningi, njengohudo olungapheli noma ukuhlanza. Ungalahlekelwa yi-potassium uma uthatha ama-diuretics, okuyimithi eyenza umzimba ulahlekelwe amanzi. Izimpawu zokushoda zincike emazingeni egazi. Kunamazinga amathathu ahlukene okuntula:

• Ukushoda okuncane: Ukushoda kwe-potassium okuncane kwenzeka lapho umuntu enezinga legazi lika-3-3.5 mmol/l. Ngokuvamile izimpawu azizwa.

• Ukukhubazeka okumaphakathi: Lokhu kwenzeka ku-2.5-3 mmol / l. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuqina, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka nokungakhululeki.

• ukukhubazeka okukhulu: Kwenzeka ezingeni elingaphansi kuka-2.5 mmol / l. Izimpawu zayo wukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Kuyini Ukuntula Kwe-Potassium?

I-Hypokalemia, noma ukuntuleka kwe-potassium njengoba sikwazi, kusho amazinga aphansi kakhulu e-potassium egazini. Izinso zilawula izinga le-potassium emzimbeni futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi iphuma ngomchamo noma ngomjuluko.

Yini Ebangela Ukuntuleka Kwe-Potassium?

Singalahlekelwa i-potassium eningi ngomchamo, umjuluko, noma ukuhambisa amathumbu. Uma singatholi i-potassium eyanele ekudleni namazinga e-magnesium nawo aphansi, ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kungenzeka. 

Kwesinye isikhathi kubangwa ezinye izimo futhi kwenzeka njengomphumela weminye imithi. Izimo ezingabangela ukuntuleka kwe-potassium zihlanganisa:

• I-Bartter syndrome, ukuphazamiseka kwezinso zofuzo ezingavamile ezibangela ukungalingani kukasawoti kanye ne-potassium
• I-Gitelman syndrome, ukuphazamiseka kwezinso ezingavamile zofuzo ezibangela ukungalingani kwe-ion emzimbeni
• I-Liddle syndrome, isifo esingavamile esibangela ukuntuleka kwe-potassium
• I-Cushing's syndrome, isimo esingavamile ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ku-cortisol
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-diuretic
• ukusebenzisa ama-laxatives isikhathi eside
• umthamo omkhulu we-penicillin
• i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela
• Ukushoda kweMagnesium
• izinkinga ze-adrenal gland
• Ukuphakelwa okwanele
• ukumuncwa kabi
• i-hyperthyroidism
• ukukhuphuka kwe-catecholamine njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
• COPD kanye isifuba somoya Imithi efana ne-insulin nama-beta 2 agonists asetshenziselwa
• ubuthi be-barium
• ukuntuleka kofuzo ku-potassium

Izimpawu Zokuntuleka Kwe-Potassium

Uma amazinga e-potassium ehla emzimbeni, lokhu kubonakala ngenani lezimpawu. Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-potassium zihlanganisa:

• Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala: ukukhathala kanye ukukhathala Kuwuphawu lokuqala lokuntuleka kwe-potassium. Imisipha ayisebenzi kahle ngoba iyimineral elawula ukufinyela kwemisipha.
• Ama-cramps nama-spasms emisipha: amajaqamba emisiphaibhekisela ekufinyezweni okungazelelwe nokungalawuleki kwemisipha futhi kwenzeka lapho amazinga e-potassium egazini ephansi.
• izinkinga zokugaya ukudla: Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla zingaba nezimbangela eziningi. Enye yazo ukuntuleka kwe-potassium. I-Potassium idlulisela amasignali emisipha esemgudwini wokugaya wobuchopho. Lezi zimpawu zenza kusebenze ukufinyela emgudwini wokugaya ukudla futhi kushukumise ukudla ukuze kugayeke. Uma amazinga e-potassium egazini ephansi, ingqondo ayikwazi ukudlulisa amasignali ngempumelelo. Ukudla kuncipha ukuvuvukala ve ukuqunjelwa njengezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. 
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Wake wayizwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha? Lo muzwa wukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi enye yezimbangela ukuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ukugeleza kwe-potassium ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamangqamuzana enhliziyo kusiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Uma izinga le-potassium egazini liphansi, lokhu kugeleza kuyashintsha, okuholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo. 
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina: I-Potassium ilawula ukugeleza kwegazi emisipha. Ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium, imithambo yegazi ingancipha futhi ukugeleza kwegazi emisipheni kukhawulelwe. Ngakho umoya-mpilo omncane uya emisipha, okubangela ukuba ihlehle futhi iwohloke. Ngenxa yalokho, izimpawu ezinjengokuqina kwemisipha nobuhlungu zenzeka.
• Ukuluma nokuba ndikindiki: Lapho amazinga e-potassium egazini ehla, amasignali ezinzwa angase abe buthaka, okubangele ukuntweza kanye nokuba ndikindiki.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima: Ukuntuleka okukhulu kwe-potassium kubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-potassium idlulisela izimpawu ezishukumisa amaphaphu ukuba ande. Uma amazinga e-potassium egazini ephansi kakhulu, amaphaphu awakhuli futhi afinyezeke ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kubangela ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Izinguquko ezingokomoya: Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kubangela ukukhathala kwengqondo nengqondo. Uma amazinga e-potassium egazini ephansi, izimpawu zobuchopho zingaphazamiseka.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Potassium

• i-potassium supplement

Akunconywa ukuthatha amaphilisi e-potassium angaphezu kwe-counter. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ukuthatha imithamo ephezulu ye-potassium kungalimaza amathumbu futhi kuholele nasekushayeni kwenhliziyo okuyingozi okuyingozi. Kodwa-ke, izithako ze-potassium zingathathwa ngeseluleko sikadokotela.

• Ukudla ukudla okunothe nge-potassium

Ukudla okunothe nge-potassium kuzovimbela futhi kuphathe ngisho nokuntuleka kwe-potassium emzimbeni. Udokotela uzokuqondisa ukuthi udla kanjani. 

Iyini i-Potassium Excess?

I-potassium eyeqile, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hyperkalemia, izinga eliphezulu kakhulu le-potassium egazini.

I-Potassium iyi-electrolyte ene-positive. Ama-Electrolyte angamaminerali ngokwemvelo anenani eliqondile noma elibi lapho encibilika emanzini noma kolunye uketshezi lomzimba njengegazi. Kuyasiza ukuthwala amandla kagesi emzimbeni esiza umzimba ukuthi usebenze. 

I-potassium itholakala ekudleni esikudlayo. Ngokuvamile, izinso zisusa i-potassium ngokweqile ngomchamo. Kodwa uma kune-potassium eningi emzimbeni, izinso zingase zingakwazi ukuyikhipha yonke bese inqwabelana egazini. I-potassium eningi egazini ilimaza inhliziyo. Ukubamba Kungabangela ukugula noma ngisho nesifo senhliziyo. 

Izimpawu Ze-Potassium Ngokweqile

I-hyperkalemia emaphakathi ngokuvamile ayinazimpawu. Izimpawu zivame ukuza futhi zidlule. Ikhula kancane kancane emavikini noma izinyanga. Izimpawu ze-hyperkalemia emnene zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Uhudo
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Amazinga e-potassium aphezulu ngokuyingozi athinta inhliziyo. Kudala izinkinga ezingazelelwe futhi ezisongela ukuphila. Izimpawu ze-hyperkalemia ezinzima zihlanganisa:

• ubuhlungu besifuba
• Inhliziyo ishaya ngamandla
• I-Arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, okungajwayelekile)
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni

Yini Ebangela Ukweqisa Kwe-Potassium?

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-hyperkalemia yisifo sezinso. Isifo sezinso silimaza izinso, okusho ukuthi azikuhlungi ukungcola egazini ngendlela efanele. Izimbangela ze-hyperkalemia ngaphezu kwesifo sezinso zihlanganisa:

• ukuthatha izithako eziphezulu ze-potassium
• Ukuthatha imithi evimbela ikhono lezinso lokukhiqiza i-potassium, njengeminye imithi elapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

I-hyperkalemia enkulu ivela ngokuzumayo. Kungabangela izinguquko ezisongela ukuphila enhliziyweni ezibangela isifo senhliziyo. Uma ingelashwa, ngisho ne-hyperkalemia emnene ingalimaza inhliziyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Potassium Ngokweqile

I-potassium ngokweqile iphathwa ngokwezinga le-potassium egazini. Izinketho zokwelapha zingabandakanya:

• ama-diuretics: Ama-diuretics abangela ukuthi ama-electrolyte amaningi njenge-sodium ne-potassium akhishwe. Inikeza ukuchama njalo.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi: Imithi yomfutho wegazi neminye imithi ingakhuphula amazinga e-potassium. Ukumisa noma ukuphuza uhlobo oluhlukile lomuthi kwehlisa izinga le-potassium egazini. Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko zomuthi ezizokwenziwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngomjovo (IV).: Uma izinga le-potassium liphezulu kakhulu emzimbeni, uketshezi lunikezwa ngomthambo. Lokhu ukufakwa kwe-IV kwe-calcium gluconate okusiza ukuvikela inhliziyo. 
• I-Dialysis: I-dialysis ingase idingeke uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezinso. I-Dialysis isiza izinso ukuthi zisuse i-potassium eningi egazini lakho.

Izithenjwa: 1, 2, 3, 4