Ngaba Ukutyeba Ngokutyebileyo Sisiphelo okanye Ukhetho? Ukutyeba ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokuLahla kobunzima obusempilweni

Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kuvela njengenye yeengxaki zempilo ezintsonkothileyo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Ke, ngaba lo ngumgca wemfuza okanye sisiphumo sokhetho lwendlela yokuphila? Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha izizathu kunye nemiphumo yokutyeba kunye nemiba enempilo yokulahleka kobunzima. Ngokuphonononga ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-genetic predisposition, indlela yokutya kunye namanqanaba okusebenza ngokomzimba ekukhanyeni kwedatha yesayensi, siya kubuza ukuba ukutyeba kubangelwa kuphela kukhetho lomntu okanye zizinto ezinzima kakhulu. Kolu hambo, siza kubonelela ngokujonga nzulu ukuba yeyiphi indima yoluntu nabantu abangayidlala ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni ukutyeba.

Kuthetha Ukuthini Ukutyeba Ngokugqithiseleyo?

Ukutyeba kakhulu yimeko yempilo ephawulwa kukuqokelelwa kwamafutha amaninzi emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abane-body mass index (BMI) yama-30 okanye ngaphezulu bahlelwa njengabatyebe kakhulu. I-BMI ibalwa ngokwahlula ubunzima ngesikwere sobude.

Le meko ikhula ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokutya okunekhalori ephezulu kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza komzimba. Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Ke ngoko, ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga ukutyeba kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yoluntu ngokubanzi.

Zeziphi iintlobo zokutyeba?

Ukutyeba kakhulu kwenzeka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Nazi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokutyeba kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili:

1. ukutyeba kwemfuza: Usenokuba uye waphawula ukuba kwezinye iintsapho phantse wonke umntu utyebe ngokugqithiseleyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba izinto zofuzo zinempembelelo enkulu ekutyebeni.
2. Ukutyeba kokutya: Olu lolona hlobo lwaziwayo kwaye ludla ngokukhula ngenxa yeendlela zokutya ezinekhalori ephezulu.
3. Ukutyeba okubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemetabolism: Yenye yezona ntlobo zinzima kakhulu zokutyeba ukunyanga, okukhula ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemetabolism.
4. ukutyeba kwemithambo-luvo: Isenzo sokutya siyabavuyisa abanye abantu, kwaye oku ukutya kakhulu kubangela ukuziphatha. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-neurological obesity.
5. ukutyeba kwe-endocrine: Ezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo yi-hypothyroidism kunye ne-hypocortisolism. Olu hlobo lokutyeba lubangelwa kukungalingani kwehomoni.
6. ukutyeba kwe-thermogenic: Kubangelwa kukungakwazi komzimba ukusebenzisa amandla njengobushushu.

Ukongeza, ukutyeba kakhulu kuhlelwe ngokwesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) kwaye kwahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• Iklasi I Ukutyeba: I-BMI iphakathi kwama-30 nama-35.
• Udidi II Ukutyeba: I-BMI iphakathi kwama-35 nama-40.
• Class III Ukutyeba: I-BMI inama-40 nangaphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "kukutyeba kakhulu."

Uhlobo ngalunye lokutyeba luneziphumo ezahlukeneyo kwimpilo yomntu kunye nonyango anokukhetha kulo.

Ziziphi izizathu zokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo?

Izinto ezibangela ukutyeba ziyahlukahlukana kwaye zihlala zibangelwa liqela lezinto ezisebenzisanayo. Nazi izizathu eziphambili zokutyeba:

1. ukungalingani kwekhalori: Ukuba iikhalori ezithathiweyo zigqithise iikhalori ezichithiweyo, ziya kugcinwa njengamafutha emzimbeni.
2. umsebenzi ophantsi womzimba: Ukuphila ubomi obude kwandisa umngcipheko wokutyeba.
3. ukulala ngokwaneleyo: Iipatheni zokungalali ngokwaneleyo kunye nobude bexesha zinxulunyaniswa nokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo.
4. imiba yemfuza: Abantu abanembali yosapho lokutyeba kakhulu badla ngokutyeba kakhulu.
5. imiba yezengqondo: Uxinzelelo, ukudakumba, kunye nezinye iimeko ezingokweemvakalelo zihlala zikhokelela ekuziphatheni ngokugqithisileyo.
6. indlela zokutya: Imikhwa yokutya efana nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-calorie ephezulu, ukutya okucutshungulwayo kunye neziselo ezineswekile yenye yezinto ezibangela ukutyeba.
7. Imiba yezentlalo noqoqosho: Amanqanaba omvuzo ophantsi kunye namanqanaba emfundo ngumba osisiseko kwimikhwa yokutya okungenampilo.
8. iimeko zonyango: Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifana ne-hypothyroidism kunye ne-polycystic ovary syndrome zikhokelela ekutyebeni.
9. Amayeza: Iisteroids, ii-antidepressants kunye namanye amayeza e-antipsychotic abangela ubunzima.
10. imiba yokusingqongileyo: Ubunzima bokufikelela kukutya okunempilo kunye nokuxhaphaka kokutya okucutshungulwayo njengokutya okukhawulezayo zizinto ezibangela ukukhuluphala ngenxa yezinto ezisingqongileyo.

Nganye kwezi zinto zichaphazela umngcipheko womntu wokuphuhlisa ukutyeba, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukudala umphumo odibeneyo. Ukuze ulwe nokutyeba, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezi zinto kwaye uzilawule.

Zeziphi oonobangela bofuzo bokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo?

Kwezinye iimeko, ukutyeba kubangelwa yiyantlukwano yemfuza phakathi kwabantu abadlala indima ekulawuleni ubunzima bomzimba kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamafutha. Iimbangela zemfuzo zokutyeba zibandakanya:

1. I-Leptin kunye ne-leptin receptor: Ihomoni yeLeptin ilawula imvakalelo yokuhlutha kwaye inciphisa umdla wokutya. Leptin okanye utshintsho lwezofuzo kwi-receptor yalo lukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuvakalelwa kokuzala kunye nokuziphatha ngokugqithisileyo.
2. Indlela yeMelanocortin: Le ndlela ibandakanya isethi yemfuza elawula ukutya kunye nenkcitho yamandla. Utshintsho kwi-melanocortin kwindlela yofuzo ikhokelela ekutyebeni.
3. Ukutyeba kweMonogenic: Luhlobo lokutyeba olubonakala ngokuguquguquka kwemfuza enye kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo iqala ngokuqatha kwaye besebancinane.
4. ukutyeba kwepolygenic: Kwenzeka ngenxa yokudityaniswa kweziphumo ezincinci zezakhi zofuzo ezininzi kwaye yindlela eqhelekileyo yokukhuluphala.
5. Ukutyeba kakhulu kweSyndromic: Izifo ezithile zofuzo, ezifana ne-Prader-Willi syndrome, zibangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ukukhuluphala.
6. imbali yosapho: Ukutyeba ngokuqhelekileyo kudla ngokubakho kwiintsapho. Esi sibonakaliso se-genetic predisposition.
7. izinto metabolic: Utshintsho kwiijini ezilawula imetabolism zikhokelela ekungalinganini kwamandla kwaye ngoko ke ubunzima bomzimba.
8. ulawulo lokutya: Ukwahluka kwimizila elawula ukutya kuchaphazela indlela yokuziphatha yokutya kwaye ngoko ubunzima bomzimba.

Ezi zinto zofuzo zinempembelelo emngciphekweni womntu wokukhula ukutyeba kwaye zihlala zisebenza ngokubambisana nezinto zokusingqongileyo.

Ziziphi izizathu zeHormonal zokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo?

IiHormones, ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ubunzima bomzimba kunye nokusabalalisa kwamafutha, yimbangela yokukhuluphala kwezinye iimeko. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nezizathu zehomoni zokutyeba:

1. Leptin: Ihomoni ye-leptin eveliswa ziiseli ezinamafutha yandisa imvakalelo yokugcwala kwaye inciphisa umdla wokutya. Kubantu abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo, ukuxhathisa i-leptin kuye kwaphuhliswa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuziva ugcwele.
2. insulin: I-insulin, ekhutshwe yi-pancreas, ilawula iswekile yegazi kwaye ikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamafutha. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin yinto ebalulekileyo kwikhonkco phakathi kokukhuluphala kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.
3. Ghrelin: uveliswa sisisu ihomoni yeghrelin, kubangela ukulamba. Amanqanaba eGhrelin asezantsi kubantu abatyebe kakhulu, nto leyo echaphazela ukuziva ugcwele.
4. icortisol: I-Cortisol, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hormone yoxinzelelo, inyusa ukugcinwa kwamafutha kunye nokuthanda ukutya emzimbeni. Kwimeko yoxinzelelo olungapheliyo, amanqanaba e-cortisol abe phezulu kwaye abangele ukutyeba.
5. iihomoni zedlala lengqula: Ukungasebenzi ngokwaneleyo kwe-thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) kunciphisa i-metabolism kwaye kubangela ubunzima.
6. iihomoni zesini: Ukungalingani kwehomoni zesini ezifana ne-estrogen kunye ne-androgen kuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwamafutha omzimba kunye nokuzuza ubunzima. 
7. Ihomoni yokukhula: Ukuncipha kwamanqanaba e-hormone yokukhula kwandisa ukuqokelela kwamafutha kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima bemisipha.

Ezi hormone zinegalelo ekuphuhliseni ukutyeba ngokuchaphazela ibhalansi yamandla omzimba kunye nokugcinwa kwamafutha.

Ziziphi izizathu ze-Endocrine zokutyeba?

Izizathu ze-Endocrine zokutyeba zihambelana neehomoni ezilawula ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kunye nokulinganisela kwamandla emzimbeni:

1. hypothyroidism: Amanqanaba aphantsi ehomoni yegilo acotha imetabolism kwaye akhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima 
2. I-Cushing's syndrome: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cortisol anyusa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha omzimba kunye nomdla wokutya.
3. I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Le meko, ebonwa kwabasetyhini, ihambelana nokuxhathisa kwe-insulin kunye nokuzuza ubunzima.
4. ukumelana ne-insulin: Ukuncipha kovelwano lomzimba kwi-insulin kubangela ukuba iswekile yegazi inyuke kwaye amafutha agcinwe.
5. Ukuxhathisa iLeptin: ILeptin ilawula imvakalelo yokuhlutha. Abantu abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo baba nokunganyangeki kwe-leptin, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni imvakalelo yokuhlutha.
6. Amanqanaba eGhrelin: IGhrelin, eyaziwa ngokuba yihomoni yendlala, yonyusa umdla wokutya. Amanqanaba eGhrelin asezantsi kubantu abatyebe kakhulu.
7. iihomoni zesini: Ukungalingani kwehomoni zesini ezifana ne-estrogen kunye ne-testosterone kuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwamafutha omzimba kunye nokuzuza ubunzima.
8. ukusilela kwehomoni yokukhula: Ihomoni yokukhulaImfihlo yamanqanaba aphantsi ezondlo kwandisa ukuqokelela kwamafutha kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima bemisipha.

Ezi hormone kunye nabalawuli be-endocrine badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ubunzima bomzimba kunye nokusabalalisa kwamafutha. Unyango lokutyeba lujolise ekulungiseni oku kungalingani kwehomoni.

Zeziphi izizathu zokutyeba ebantwaneni?

Izinto ezibangela ukutyeba kubantwana zivela kwizinto ezininzi, ezibandakanya i-genetic predisposition, iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Nazi izizathu eziphambili zokutyeba ebantwaneni:

1. Imbali yosapho yokutyeba: Ukuba abazali batyebe kakhulu, kukho umngcipheko wokutyeba ebantwaneni.
2. umsebenzi ophantsi womzimba: Ukuba abantwana abashukumi ngokwaneleyo, batya ii<em>calories ezininzi kunezo bazichithayo kwaye batyekele ngakumbi ekutyebeni.
3. Ukutya okuphezulu kwekhalori: Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kokutya okukhawulezayo, iziselo ezineswekile kunye nokutya okugayiweyo kubangela ukutyeba ebantwaneni.
4. imiba yezengqondo: Uxinzelelo okanye iingxaki zeemvakalelo zikhokelela ekuziphatheni ngokugqithisileyo.
5. Imiba yezentlalo noqoqosho: Amanqanaba emivuzo ephantsi anefuthe ekufikeleleni ekutyeni okunempilo, oko konyusa umngcipheko wabantwana wokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo.
6. Iipateni zokulala: Ekubeni indlela yokulala ichaphazela imetabolism, ukuzuza ubunzima akunakuphepheka kubantwana abangalali ngokwaneleyo.
7. ukungabikho kwemfundo: Ukungabi nolwazi olwaneleyo malunga nokutya okunempilo kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba kukwaboniswa njengoonobangela bokutyeba ebantwaneni.
8. Iintengiso kunye nentengiso: Iintengiso zokutya neziselo ezijolise ebantwaneni zibakhokelela ekubeni benze ukhetho olungenampilo.
9. imeko yesikolo: Ezinye izikolo zinokubonelela ngokutya okungenampilo kunye nokhetho lwesiselo.
10. Izinto zofuzo kunye nehomoni: Ezinye iimeko zofuzo kunye neehomoni ziququzelela ukufumana ubunzima kubantwana.

Nganye kwezi zinto zinegalelo ekuphuhliseni ukutyeba kubantwana, ngokufuthi kudala umphumo odibeneyo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokutyeba?

Iimpawu zokutyeba zibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziphumo zomzimba nezengqondo ezinxulumene nokuqokelelwa kwamafutha amaninzi emzimbeni. Nazi ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokutyeba:

• amafutha omzimba amaninzi: Ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha amaninzi, ngakumbi agxininiswe esinqeni.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo: Ukufumana ukuphefumula okufutshane ngexesha lomsebenzi womzimba okanye ngelixa uphumle.
• ukunyuka ukubila: Ukubila ngaphezu kwesiqhelo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuzibhokoxa komzimba.
• iingxaki zokulala: Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okufana ne-sleep apnea kunxulunyaniswa nokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo.
• iingxaki zolusu: Usulelo lwesikhumba kunye nokucaphuka kwenzeka ngenxa yokufuma okuqokelelwe kwii-folds zesikhumba.
• ukukhathala: Ukuziva ukudinwa ukusuka kubulali ukuya kubunzima.
• Intlungu edibeneyo kunye nomqolo: Ubuhlungu kunye nokukhathazeka kwenzeka kumalungu anobunzima, ngakumbi emadolweni.
• Iziphumo zengqondo: Iingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokungazithembi, ukudakumba, iintloni kunye nokuzahlula ekuhlaleni.

Ezi mpawu zichaphazela kakhulu imisebenzi yomntu yemihla ngemihla kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Iindlela ezisetyenziswa kuNyango lokutyeba

Ukutyeba kakhulu yingxaki yezempilo eqhelekileyo kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyasetyenziswa kunyango lwayo. Nazi iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukutyeba:

Iinguqu kwindlela yokuphila 

Ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila yenye yeembombo zonyango lokutyeba. Iquka izinto ezifana nokutya, umthambo, kunye nonyango lokuziphatha.

1. nokudla: Ukufumana ukutya okunempilo, ukudala inkqubo yokutya rhoqo kunye nokulawula ubunzima kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kunyango lokukhuluphala. Injongo kukunciphisa ukuthathwa kwamandla kwansuku zonke kunye nokuphumeza inkqubo yokutya okunokulinganisela.
2. Zilolonge: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunceda ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba kunye nokukhawulezisa imetabolism. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuzilolonga, ezifana nemithambo ye-aerobic, uqeqesho lokuxhathisa kunye nemithambo yokuzolula, isetyenziswa ekunyangeni ukutyeba.
3. unyango lokuziphatha: Kunyango lokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, inkxaso yengqondo kunye neendlela zokutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha zisetyenziswa ekutshintsheni indlela umntu atya ngayo kunye nokukhuthaza indlela yokuphila enempilo.

Amayeza 

Kwezinye iimeko, phantsi kweliso kunye nengcebiso kagqirha, unyango lweziyobisi lusetyenziswa ukulawula ukutya okanye ukunciphisa ukufunxa kwamafutha.

Iindlela zoTyando 

Utyando lokutyeba yindlela ekhethwayo xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingonelanga okanye zingafanelekanga. Unyango lotyando lusetyenziswa kubantu abanobunzima bomzimba (BMI) ngaphezu kwexabiso elithile kwaye babeka ingozi enkulu kwimpilo.

Unyango lokutyeba kakhulu kufuneka lulungelelaniswe neemfuno zomntu ngamnye kwaye kufuneka lukhokelwe yingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo. Ngethuba lenkqubo yonyango, izinto ezifana nesimo sempilo yomntu, indlela yokuphila kunye nokukhuthaza zithathelwa ingqalelo. Unyango lokutyeba alupheleli nje ekunciphiseni umzimba. Ikwajonge ukwamkela nokugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.

Ukutyeba Pharmacological Treatment

Unyango lwe-Pharmacological ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukutyeba kwaye luhlala lusetyenziswa ngokubambisana nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila. Nazi ezinye ii-pharmacological agents ezisetyenziswa kunyango lokutyeba kunye neempawu zabo:

• Lorcaserin: Eli chiza, i-serotonin receptor agonist, inceda ekulahlekeni kwesisindo ngokunciphisa ukutya.
• ILiraglutide: Ilawulwa ngenaliti yemihla ngemihla, eli yeza lisebenza njenge-glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist kwaye yonyusa imvakalelo yokuzala.
• Orlistat: Isebenza ngokunciphisa ukufunxa kwamafutha, okuvumela ukuba ezinye zeekhalori ezisetyenzisiweyo zikhutshwe ngaphandle kokugaya.
• Phentermine-Topiramate: Eli chiza elidibeneyo linegalelo ekulahlekeni kobunzima ngokucinezela ukutya kunye nokwandisa inkcitho yamandla.
• Naltrexone-Bupropion: Eli liyeza elidibeneyo linceda ukulawula ukutya ngokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous central.

Ngalinye lala mayeza linezibonakaliso ezithile, ukuchasana kunye nemiphumo emibi. Umzekelo, i-orlistat inokubangela iintlungu zesisu, izitulo ezinamafutha, kunye nokuncipha kokufunxwa kweevithamini ezinyibilikayo ngamafutha, ngelixa i-liraglutide. ipancreatitis kwandisa umngcipheko. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokuba uqale naluphi na unyango lwe-pharmacological.

Ukusetyenziswa kwee-pharmacological agents kunyango lokukhuluphala kufuneka kube ngabanye, kuthathelwe ingqalelo imeko yezempilo yesigulane, isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba (BMI), kunye naziphi na iingxaki zempilo ezihamba nazo. Kukwakho nezifundo zeklinikhi eziqhubekayo ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwala machiza.

Unyango lokutyeba lufuna indlela entsonkothileyo neneenkalo ezininzi. Unyango lwe-Pharmacological lunokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kule nkqubo, kodwa iziphumo ezilungileyo zihlala zifumaneka xa zidibaniswa nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila efana nokutya, ukuzivocavoca kunye nokuguqulwa kokuziphatha. Kubalulekile ukuba isigulana ngasinye sisebenzisane nabasebenzi bezempilo ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esihambelana neemfuno zabo.

Ukutyeba Unyango Lokutya

Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo yimeko yempilo enzima ebonakaliswe ngokuqokelelwa kwamafutha omzimba amaninzi kwaye idla ngokubangelwa ukungalingani phakathi kwe-caloric intake kunye nenkcitho yamandla. Unyango lwezondlo yindlela ephambili yokulawula ukutyeba kwaye yenzelwe ukunceda umntu agcine ubunzima obunempilo. Nanga amacandelo asisiseko wonyango lwesondlo sokutyeba:

• Ukutya okwaneleyo kunye nokulinganisela: Kubalulekile ukufumana zonke izondlo-mzimba ezifunwa ngumzimba ngobuninzi obaneleyo. Oku kuquka iicarbohydrates, iiproteni, amafutha, iivithamini kunye neeminerali.
• ukulawula ikhalori: Ukunciphisa umzimba, iikhalori ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zibe ngaphantsi kweekhalori ezisetyenzisiweyo. Oku kufezekiswa ngolawulo lwesahlulo kunye nokukhetha ukutya okuphantsi kweekhalori.
• ukutya rhoqo: Ukutya ukutya rhoqo kulawula imetabolism kwaye kunciphisa umnqweno wokutya kakhulu.
• amashwamshwam enempilo: Amashwamshwam asempilweni anceda ukugcina amanqanaba amandla imini yonke kwaye ugcine indlala ilungile.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi: Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okwaneleyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwemisebenzi yomzimba kunye nokuthintela ukoma, okuye ngamanye amaxesha kudideke kunye nemvakalelo yokulamba.
• umsebenzi womzimba: Ukongeza kunyango lwezondlo, umsebenzi oqhelekileyo womzimba uxhasa inkqubo yokulahleka kwesisindo ngokunyusa ukutshiswa kwekhalori.

Ezinye iingcebiso ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunyango lwesondlo sokutyeba zezi:

1. amazimba: Iimveliso ezipheleleyo kufuneka zikhethwe endaweni yesonka esimhlophe.
2. Ukutya okusekelwe kwimifuno kunye neziqhamo: Imifuno kunye neziqhamo kufuneka zigxininiswe kwisondlo semihla ngemihla.
3. amafutha enempilo: Endaweni yamafutha aqinileyo i-oyile ye-olivu Ii-oyile ezisempilweni njengoko kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
4. Ukutya kwe-Prebiotic: Ukutya okuqulethe i-prebiotics kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukuxhasa impilo yokugaya.
5. yitya kancinci: Ukutya ukutya ngokucothayo kwaye ngokukuhlafuna kakuhle kwandisa imvakalelo yokuhlutha kwaye kuthintele nokutya kakhulu.

Isondlo kunyango lokutyeba kufuneka lube lomntu ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kunye ne-dietitian okanye isondlo sokutya kubalulekile ukwenza isicwangciso sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esinempilo nesizinzileyo. Ekubeni indlela yokuphila yomntu ngamnye, isimo sempilo kunye nokukhethwa kwesondlo kuyahluka, isicwangciso sonyango kufuneka senziwe ngokwezi zinto. 

Unyango lokutyeba kuBantwana

Ukutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni yingxaki yezempilo eyandayo namhlanje kwaye ifuna indlela yonyango esebenzayo. Nazi iindlela ezisisiseko zokunyanga ukutyeba ebantwaneni:

• Ukutya okunempilo: Abantwana bafanele bakhuthazwe ukuba batye ukutya okusempilweni. Oku kuquka amanyathelo afana nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ukuphepha ukutya okucutshungulwayo, kunye nokusela amanzi okanye ubisi endaweni yeziselo ezineswekile.
• umsebenzi womzimba: Kubalulekile ukunyusa amanqanaba omsebenzi wemihla ngemihla wabantwana. Oku kufuneka kuphunyezwe ngemisebenzi yolonwabo efana nokuhamba, ukukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ukudanisa.
• utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha: Kufuneka kwenziwe izicwangciso zokunceda iintsapho nabantwana batshintshe indlela abatya ngayo. Oku kuquka imiba efana nolawulo lwenxalenye kunye nokulawula indlela yokutya.
• Uqeqesho nenkxaso: Bobabini abantwana kunye neentsapho zabo kufuneka bafundiswe ngokutyeba kunye nendlela yokuphila enempilo. Inkxaso evela kwiintsapho ibalulekile kubantwana ukuba babe nemikhwa esempilweni.
• ukulandelelwa kwezonyango: Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso ukukhula nophuhliso lwabantwana rhoqo kwaye usebenzise ukungenelela kwezonyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kunyango lokukhuluphala kubantwana, ukusetyenziswa kweyeza ngokuqhelekileyo akukhuthazwa kwaye kuqwalaselwa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile kwaye phantsi kweliso logqirha. Isiseko sonyango lutshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, kubandakanywa ukutya okunempilo kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno zabantwana ngokwasengqondweni nasekuhlaleni. Unyango lokutyeba kakhulu kufuneka lube ngumntu ngamnye ngokweminyaka yomntwana, isini kunye nemeko yempilo jikelele.

Kukuphi ukutya okubangela ukutyeba?

Ukutya okukhokelela ekutyebeni ngokuqhelekileyo kunomxholo ophezulu wekhalori kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lezondlo. Ukutya okunokunikwa njengemizekelo kuku:

1. isoda: Isoda iqulethe izixa eziphezulu zeswekile kwaye ihlwempuzekile kwizondlo ezibalulekileyo. Ukongezelela, kukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima xa kusetyenziswe imali eninzi rhoqo.
2. Ikofu kunye neswekile: Kofu, icaffeine kwaye zizityebi kwi-antioxidants, kodwa ukuba iswekile okanye isiraphu yongezwa, iqulethe i-sugar content ephezulu njengesoda. Ezi ntlobo zeziselo zingunobangela ophambili wokuzuza ubunzima.
3. Ucwambu lomkhenkce: Ii-ice creams eziveliswa ngokurhweba zihlala zinezixa eziphezulu zeswekile kunye namafutha.
4. Pizza: I-pizza iba kukutya okunekhalori ephezulu, ngakumbi xa yenziwe ngenyama egayiweyo kunye netshizi enamafutha amaninzi.
5. Iikuki kunye needonathi: Ezi snacks zimnandi zihlala zineswekile eninzi, amafutha kunye neekhalori.
6. Fries French kunye chips: Oku kutya kuqulethe izixa eziphezulu zamanqatha kunye netyuwa kwaye kubangela ubunzima xa kusetyenziswe ngokugqithisileyo.
7. Iicereals zakusasa ezineswekile: Ezinye iisiriyeli zesidlo sakusasa zineswekile eninzi kwaye azinasondlo.
8. chocolate: Ngenxa yeswekile ephezulu kunye nomxholo wamafutha, ibangela ubunzima, ngakumbi xa isetyenziswe ngokugqithiseleyo.

Isidlo ngasinye kwezi negalelo ekufumaneni ubunzima kwaye ngoko ke ukutyeba, ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswe ngezixa eziphezulu. Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokulawula ubunzima, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kokutya okunjalo kwaye ukhethe ezinye iindlela ezinomsoco.

Zeziphi izifo ezibangela ukutyeba?

Ezinye izifo kunye neemeko zempilo ezinokukhokelela ekutyebeni ziquka:

1. hypothyroidism: Ukuveliswa okunganeleyo kwehomoni ye-thyroid kunciphisa imetabolism kwaye kubangela ubunzima.
2. I-Cushing's syndrome: Ibangela ukuveliswa kwe-cortisol ngokugqithiseleyo emzimbeni I-Cushing's syndrome Yandisa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kunye nomdla wokutya.
3. I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Le meko, ebonwa kwabasetyhini, ibangela ubunzima ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwe-insulin.
4. I-microbiome yamathumbu: I-microbiome yamathumbuUkungalingani kwayo kuchaphazela i-metabolism yamandla kwaye kubangela ukukhuluphala.

Ezi meko zempilo zichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omzimba kunye nokugcinwa kwamafutha, okukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima. Ulawulo lwezi zifo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulweni ukutyeba.

Izifo Ezibangelwa Kukutyeba

Nangona ezinye izifo zinokubangela ukutyeba, kukwakho nezinye izifo ezenzeka ngenxa yokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo. Izifo ezibangelwa kukutyeba zichaphazela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye zinciphisa kakhulu umgangatho wobomi. Nazi ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangelwa kukutyeba:

• isifo semetabolism: Ukutyeba kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko we-metabolic syndrome, indibaniselwano yezinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi, amanqanaba e-cholesterol engaqhelekanga kunye namafutha angaphezulu kwesisu.
• izifo zentliziyo: Izifo ze-cardiovascular ezifana nesifo senhliziyo kunye ne-stroke ziye zadibaniswa nokutyeba. Amafutha amaninzi omzimba anemiphumo emibi kwimpilo ye-cardiovascular.
• uhlobo 2 seswekile: Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kunegalelo ekuxhathiseni i-insulin kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuphuhliswa kohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.
• iingxaki zokuphefumla: Iingxaki zokuphefumla ezifana ne-apnea yokulala kunye ne-asthma zinxulunyaniswa nokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukugqithiswa kwezicubu ezinamafutha kuthintela imigudu yomoya, nto leyo eyenza ukuphefumla kube nzima.
• iingxaki ze-Musculoskeletal: Ukutyeba kakhulu kubangela intlungu kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamalungu kunye nezihlunu. Amalungu edolo kunye ne-hip ngokukodwa wonakaliswa ngenxa yobunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo.
• Izifo zesistim sokugaya: Isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) kunye nezifo ze-gallbladder ziphakathi kweengxaki zenkqubo yokwetyisa ezinxulumene nokutyeba.
• Iziphumo zengqondo: Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kubangela iingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba. Ikwanxulunyaniswa neengxaki zentlalo neemvakalelo ezifana nokuzahlula ekuhlaleni kunye nokungazithembi.

Ukuthintela Njani Ukutyeba?

Ukuthintela ukutyeba kunokwenzeka ngokwamkela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye nokutshintsha imikhwa yomntu ngamnye. Nazi izindululo ezisisiseko zokuthintela ukutyeba:

• Ukutya okufanelekileyo: Ukutya okunempilo nokulungelelana kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukutyeba. Kuyimfuneko ukugxila kwiziqhamo, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo kunye nemithombo yeprotheni ephilileyo.
• umsebenzi womzimba: Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo kubalulekile ekutshiseni iikhalori kunye nokugcina ubunzima bomzimba obunempilo. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza umthambo ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 yonke imihla.
• Ulawulo lwesahlulo: Ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokunciphisa isantya sokutya kugcina imikhwa yokutya kakhulu iphantsi kolawulo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi: Ukusela amanzi amaninzi kwandisa imvakalelo yokuzala kwaye kuthintele ukungena kwekhalori ngokungeyomfuneko.
• amashwamshwam enempilo: Ukukhetha ezinye iindlela ezinempilo endaweni yee-snacks ezineswekile kunye nezinamafutha kunceda ukunciphisa ukuthathwa kwekhalori.
• ukutya ngokweemvakalelo: Kunokuba ubhenele kwimikhwa yokutya ukuze uhlangabezane noxinezeleko okanye iimeko ezingokweemvakalelo, kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa iindlela eziphilileyo zokuhlangabezana nazo.
• Iipateni zokulala: Ukulala okwaneleyo kunye nomgangatho kunemiphumo emihle ekulawuleni ukutya kunye nemetabolism.
• uqeqesho: Ukufumana imfundo malunga nokutya okunempilo kunye nokusebenza komzimba kunceda abantu ukuba benze ukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Ukuthintela ukutyeba kufuna inkxaso kwinqanaba lezentlalo nezopolitiko kunye nemigudu yomntu ngamnye. Imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu kufuneka iququzelele ukufikelela ekutyeni okunempilo kwaye ikhuthaze umsebenzi womzimba, ukubonelela ngeendlela zokuphila ezinempilo ezikolweni nakwiindawo zokusebenza. Ukulwa nokutyeba kuya kusebenza ngakumbi ngemigudu edibeneyo yabantu, iintsapho, iingcali zempilo kunye neenkokheli zoluntu.

Ngaba Ukutyeba Ngokutyebileyo Sisiphelo okanye Ukhetho?

Ukutyeba kakhulu kwenzeka ngenxa yentsebenziswano entsonkothileyo phakathi kofuzo kunye nokukhetha indlela yokuphila. 

Kanye njengembewu ewela emhlabeni, uhambo lobomi bomntu luqala ngokuzalwa. Ilifa lethu lemfuza limisela uhlobo lwale mbewu. Nangona kunjalo, izinto zangaphandle ezifana nokuchuma komhlaba, ubuninzi bamanzi kunye nemitha yokufudumala yelanga ichaphazela indlela yokukhula kwayo kunye nesantya. Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kuzisa umbhinqo ofanayo; Ngelixa iikhowudi zethu zofuzo zibonisa imingcipheko enokwenzeka, indlela esiphila ngayo imisela indlela ezi khowudi zichazwa ngayo.

Kwabanye, ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kubonakala ngathi likamva lemfuza. Abantu abanembali yosapho yokutyeba kakhulu banokuyibona le meko kubomi babo. Nangona kunjalo, esi ayisosiphelo esingenakuphepheka. Inzululwazi ibonisa ukuba imizila yemfuza idala kuphela utyekelo, kodwa umphumo usezandleni zomntu.

Ukhetho lwendlela yokuphila lwenza esinye isiqingatha senxaki yokutyeba. Ukutya okusempilweni, ukwenza umthambo rhoqo kunye nokulala ngokwaneleyo kunendima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, apho inkcubeko yokutya okukhawulezayo isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye indlela yokuphila yokuhlala ibe yinto eqhelekileyo, ukwenza ukhetho olunempilo kuye kwaba ngumngeni.

Ukulwa nokutyeba kuqala ngokhetho lomntu kodwa kufuna inzame yentlalontle. Imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu kufuneka iququzelele ukufikelela ekutyeni okunempilo, ikhuthaze umsebenzi womzimba kwaye iphakamise ukuqonda kwabantu. Iinkqubo zemfundo kufuneka zifundise kwaye zixhase abantwana ngeendlela zokuphila ezinempilo besebancinci.

Kulungile; Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo asikokumiselwa ngokupheleleyo okanye yinto nje yokuzikhethela. Ngumdaniso wemfuza kunye nemiba yokusingqongileyo; kwaye inyathelo ngalinye lalo mdaniso libunjwa lukhetho lomntu ngamnye. Kuluntu olusempilweni, ngamnye wethu kufuneka athathe inxaxheba kulo mdaniso kwaye athathe uxanduva.

Ngenxa yoko;

Ukutyeba kakhulu yimeko enzima eyenzeka ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwezinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo, ukusuka kwimfuza ukuya kwizinto ezisingqongileyo, ukusuka kwindlela yokuphila ukuya kwizinto zengqondo. Njengoko sibona kweli nqaku; Nangona kukho oothunywashe abanokulawula umntu ngokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, kukwakho izinto ezingalawulekiyo ezifana nemfuza. Kodwa kuyo yonke imeko, sinamandla okwenza ukhetho olunempilo kunye nokudala indawo exhasayo. Ngokudibanisa uxanduva lomntu ngamnye kunye neendlela zokuxhasa uluntu ekulweni nokukhuluphala, sinokwakha ikamva eliphilileyo nelinokulinganisela. Olu lutyalo-mali olunenzuzo hayi kuphela kubantu kodwa nakwimpilo ngokubanzi yoluntu.

Umthombo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8