Kodi Dengue Fever ndi chiyani? Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

matenda a denguendi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a dengue virus (DENV) opatsirana ndi udzudzu wamtundu wa Aedes. Udzudzu umenewu umayambitsanso chikungunya fever ndi matenda a Zika.

Pafupifupi anthu 400 padziko lapansi chaka chilichonse matenda a denguewagwidwa. Bungwe la World Health Organization lati anthu oposa 2,5 biliyoni padziko lonse ali pachiopsezo cha matendawa, makamaka ana a m'mayiko otentha ndi otentha. 

Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa adatsimikizira kuti dengue yafalikira m'maiko opitilira 140 ku United States, Asia, Africa ndi kum'mawa kwa Mediterranean.

Kodi matenda a dengue fever ndi ati?

Matendawa amayamba ndi kachilombo ka dengue komanso mtundu wa flavivirus, womwe ndi wa banja la Flaviviridae. Pali ma serotypes anayi osiyanasiyana a kachilomboka omwe amayambitsa makamaka dengue: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 ndi DENV-4. 

Mpaka kanayi pa moyo wa munthu matenda a dengueakhoza kugwidwa.

Kodi kachilombo ka dengue kamafala bwanji?

Kupatsirana kwa kachilombo ka dengue kumafika pachimake m'nyengo yamvula, m'malo omwe kumakhala kozizira komanso chinyezi chambiri. Njira zomwe kachilomboka zimapatsira anthu ndi izi:

• Udzudzu Waukazi wa Aedes ndi udzudzu womwe umafunika magazi kuti utulutse mazira. matenda a dengue amakhala wonyamula kachilomboka poluma munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. M'thupi lawo, kachilomboka kamachulukana mkati mwa masiku 8-12 ndikufalikira kumagulu amthupi monga zotupa zam'malovu.
• Udzudzu wokhala ndi kachilomboka ukaluma munthu wina wathanzi, kachilomboka kamafalikira m'magazi. Zimayambitsa matenda a dengue.
• Munthuyo akachira ku matenda a dengue, amakhala otetezedwa ku matenda a dengue omwe adayambitsa matendawa moyo wawo wonse. 
• Koma munthuyo akadali matenda a dengueakhoza kutenga kachilombo ka serotypes otsala a 
• Komanso, ngati coinfection ndi aliyense wa serotypes atatu otsala achitika atangochira ku serotype imodzi, munthuyo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu. matenda a dengue pachiwopsezo chakukula.

Njira zina zopatsira matenda a dengue ndi izi:

• Matenda singano.
• Kuchotsa magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
• Transplacental matenda kuchokera kwa mayi woyembekezera kupita kwa wakhanda.
• Kuika chiwalo kapena minyewa.

Kodi zizindikiro za dengue fever ndi zotani?

Makulitsidwe nthawi ya matendawa ndi 4-8 masiku. Pakhoza kukhala odwala asymptomatic, koma amatha kuwonedwa mumitundu yowopsa monga kutentha pang'ono ndi dengue hemorrhage fever.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa nthawi zambiri amachira mkati mwa masiku 10. matenda a dengueZizindikiro zofatsa zimakhala ngati chimfine ndipo zimaphatikizapo: 

• Kutentha kwakukulu kwadzidzidzi kwa pafupifupi madigiri 40.
• Mutu
• Kusanza ndi nseru
• Kupweteka kwa pakhosi
• Kupweteka kwa minofu, mafupa ndi mafupa
• zotupa zotupa
• totupa
• ululu kumbuyo kwa maso

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi izi:

• Kutuluka kwa plasma (dengue hemorrhage fever)
• Kutuluka magazi m`kamwa ndi mphuno
• kusanza kosalekeza
• dengue shock syndrome
• kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba
• magazi mu mkodzo
• Kutopa
• Kukwiya

Kodi zowopsa za dengue fever ndi ziti?

Geography: Kukhala kapena kupita kumadera otentha monga Southeast Asia, Caribbean Islands, Africa, Indian Subcontinent.

Zaka: Ana osakwana zaka 3-4 ndi okalamba ali pachiopsezo chachikulu. 

Matenda am'mbuyomu: M'mbuyomu matenda ndi serotype wa kachilombo ka dengue kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha coinfection ndi serotype ina.

Matenda osatha: shuga mellitus, mphumu, sickle cell anemia ve zilonda zam'mimba matenda ena aakulu, monga

Gene: Mbiri yakale ya wolandirayo.

Kodi zovuta za dengue fever ndi zotani?

Matenda a dengue osachiritsidwa kapena oopsa angayambitse zovuta monga:

• Encephalitis ndi encephalopathy.
• Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri.
• Meningitis
• Kupuwala
• imfa

Kodi dengue fever imadziwika bwanji?

Kuzindikira matenda ndizovuta. Chifukwa zizindikiro zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala malungo. typhoid ve leptospirosis mofanana ndi matenda ena. Njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda:

• Mayeso a Virological: Mayeso monga reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amachitidwa kuti azindikire zinthu zina za kachilomboka.
• Mayeso a Serological: Mayeso monga ma enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) amachitidwa kuti azindikire ma antibodies opangidwa poyankha kachilombo ka dengue.

Dziwani izi: Mayesowa amapereka zotsatira zoyenera ngati atachitidwa sabata yoyamba ya matenda.

Chithandizo cha dengue

Palibe mankhwala enieni a matendawa. Mkhalidwewu umayendetsedwa ndi chithandizo chothandizira ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa kupitiriza kwa chikhalidwecho, malingana ndi kuopsa kwa chizindikiro chopitirirabe. Zina mwa njira zochizira matendawa ndi izi:

Kulowetsedwa kwamadzi: Amatengedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena mwachindunji kuti apewe kutaya madzi m'thupi ndikuchotsa kachilombo ka dengue m'dongosolo.

Kuthira zinthu zamagazi: Madzi a m'magazi oundana atsopano amaperekedwa kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti m'thupi.

Nasal CPAP: Kupititsa patsogolo zizindikiro za kupuma movutikira.

Mankhwala: Monga Corticosteroids ndi Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate.

Katemera wa dengue fever

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Vaccines pa February 2, 2020, pakadali pano matenda a denguePali mitundu isanu ya katemera yomwe ilipo. Awa ndi katemera wamoyo wotsikirapo (LAV), katemera wa DNA, katemera wa inactivated (IV), katemera wa viral vectored (VVV) ndi katemera wa recombinant subunit (RSV).

Aliyense akadali m'mayesero azachipatala ndipo ali ndi zovuta zina. Maphunziro okhudza nkhaniyi akupitilirabe.

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