Kodi Rift Valley Fever N'chiyani, Chifukwa Chiyani Imachitika? Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Matenda a Rift Valley; Ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus a ziweto ku sub-Saharan Africa monga ng'ombe, njati, nkhosa, mbuzi ndi ngamila. 

Amafalikira pokhudzana ndi magazi, madzi a m'thupi kapena minofu ya nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo kapena kulumidwa ndi udzudzu. Palibe umboni wa kufalikira kwa munthu ndi munthu.

Membala wa gulu la Phlebovirus la dongosolo la Bunyavirales RVF kachilombozimayambitsa matenda.

Mu 1931, kachilomboka kanapezeka mu nkhosa pafamu ina ku Rift Valley ku Kenya pofufuza za mliri.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, miliri yakhala ikufalikira ku sub-Saharan Africa. Mwachitsanzo, m’chaka cha 1977 munali mliri ku Egypt. RVF kachilombo Inalowa mu Igupto kupyolera mu malonda a zinyama omwe anali ndi kachilomboka ndi njira yothirira ya Nile.

Pambuyo pa chochitika cha El Niño ndi kusefukira kwa madzi, kuphulika kwakukulu kunachitika ku Kenya, Somalia ndi Tanzania mu 1997-98.

mu September 2000 Matenda a Rift Valleykufalikira ku Saudi Arabia ndi Yemen chifukwa cha malonda a nyama kuchokera ku Africa. Aka kanali koyamba kuti matendawa adziwike kunja kwa Africa. Chochitikachi chinawonjezera mwayi wa matendawo kufalikira kumadera ena a Asia ndi Europe.

Kodi zizindikiro za Rift Valley fever ndi zotani?

Zizindikiro za matendawa RVF kachilomboZimachitika pakati pa masiku awiri ndi asanu ndi limodzi pambuyo pa kuwonekera. Zizindikiro za malungo a Rift Valley ndi;

• moto
• Kufooka
• Ululu wammbuyo
• Chizungulire

osakwana 1% odwala 

• matenda a hemorrhagic fever
• mantha
• Jaundice
• Zimayambitsa magazi m'kamwa, khungu ndi mphuno. 

Chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa malungo otaya magazi ndi pafupifupi 50 peresenti.

Zizindikiro za RVF Zimatenga masiku 4 mpaka 7. Pambuyo pake, ma antibodies amayamba. Kuyankha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kumawonekera. Motero, kachilomboka kamatha m’magazi. 

Odwala nthawi zambiri amachira pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri atakhala ndi zizindikiro.

Kusawona bwino komanso kuchepa kwa maso kumachepetsa pakatha sabata imodzi kapena itatu zizindikiro zikuwonekera. Komabe, zotupa m'maso zimatha kuchitika. Nthawi zambiri zotupa zimatha pakadutsa milungu 10 mpaka 12. 

Mtundu wowopsa wa RVF mwa anthu

Matenda a Rift Valley Gawo laling'ono la odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amakhala ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri. Imodzi mwa ma syndromes atatu osiyanasiyana imatha kuchitika: 

• Matenda a Ocular (maso) (0.5-2% ya milandu)
• Meningoencephalitis (osakwana 1% ya milandu)
• Hemorrhagic fever (osakwana 1% ya milandu).

Kodi malungo a Rift Valley amafalitsidwa bwanji?

• Anthu ambiri amene amadwala amadwala matendawa mwa kukhudza magazi kapena ziwalo za nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. 
• Mwachitsanzo, kusamalira nyama zakutchire pa kupha, kubereka nyama, kukhala veterinarian. RVF kachilomboZomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chogwidwa. 
• Choncho, magulu ena ogwira ntchito monga abusa, alimi, ogwira ntchito m'malo ophera nyama komanso madokotala a zinyama ndi omwe amatha kutenga matenda.
• Kuonjezera apo, kachilomboka kangathe kupatsirana ndi mpeni womwe uli ndi kachilombo ndi bala kapena kudula, kapena pokoka mpweya wochokera kukupha nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka.

Kodi Rift Valley fever imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha Rift Valley fever, Amachitidwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi kutentha thupi kuti athetse zizindikiro. Odwala ambiri achira limodzi kapena milungu iwiri pambuyo isanayambike matenda. Milandu yowopsa kwambiri imathandizidwa ndi kugonekedwa m'chipatala komanso chithandizo chothandizira.

Kodi malungo a Rift Valley angapewedwe?

Matenda a Rift ValleyAnthu omwe akukhala kapena kupita kumadera kumene matendawa ndi ofala ayenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi kuti asatenge matendawa:

• Osakumana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, madzi amthupi kapena minofu. 
• Pofuna kupewa kukhudzana ndi magazi kapena minofu yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka, anthu ogwira ntchito ndi nyama m'madera omwe matendawa ndi ofala ayenera kuvala zovala zodzitetezera monga magolovesi, nsapato, manja aatali, ndi zishango zakumaso.
• Osadya nyama zosatetezedwa. Zakudya zonse za nyama ziyenera kuphikidwa bwino musanadye.
• Samalani ndi udzudzu ndi tizilombo tina toyamwa magazi. 
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othamangitsira tizilombo komanso neti yoteteza udzudzu. 
• Valani manja aatali ndi mathalauza kuti muteteze khungu lanu lowonekera.

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