Diabeteshe maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ke kō a i ʻole ka pae glucose i loko o ke kahe koko. ʻO ka hormone insulin ke kōkua i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka glucose mai ke koko i loko o nā cell kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai no ka ikehu.
I ka maʻi maʻi type 2, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke pane aku i ka insulin e like me ka pono. I nā pae hope o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke hana i ka nui o ka insulin.
ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka maʻi diabetes type 2hiki ke alakaʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻoulu ai i nā hōʻailona like ʻole a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes type 2?
ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2ʻAʻole hiki i ke kino ke hoʻohana pono i ka insulin e lawe mai i ka glucose i loko o nā cell. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hilinaʻi ai ke kino i nā kumu ikehu ʻē aʻe i loko o kona mau ʻiʻo, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻāpana. He hopena kaulahao kēia e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona like ʻole.
ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 hiki ke ulu mālie. Hiki ke maʻalahi a maʻalahi nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua. Aia nā hōʻailona mua:
- Pololi mau
- Nawaliwali
- Ka luhi
- Kaumaha emi
– makewai loa
– Ka mimi pinepine
-waha maloʻo
– ʻImi ʻili
– ʻike makapō
Ke piʻi aʻe ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hōʻailona a hiki ke pilikia.
Inā lōʻihi ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko koko, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona penei:
- Nā maʻi hū
– Hoʻōla lohi a ʻeha paha
– Nā kikoʻeleʻele ma ka ʻili, kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo acanthosis nigras
- ʻEha wāwae
- ʻO ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka neuropathy ma nā ʻaoʻao
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, e kipa i ke kauka. Inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
Nā kumu o ka maʻi diabetes type 2
ʻO ka insulin kahi hormone kūlohelohe maoli. Hana ʻia ia e ka pancreas. Kōkua ka Insulin i ka lawe ʻana i ka glucose mai ke kahe koko i nā cell i loko o ke kino, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai no ka ikehu.
ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 Inā pēlā, lilo ke kino i ka insulin. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana pono i ka hormone. Hoʻoikaika kēia i ka pancreas e hana ʻoi aku ka nui o ka insulin.
I ka wā lōʻihi, hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i nā cell i loko o ka pancreas. I ka hopena, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pancreas ke hana i kekahi ʻano insulin.
Inā lawa ʻole ka insulin a ʻaʻole hoʻohana pono ke kino iā ia, kūkulu ka glucose i loko o ke kahe koko. ʻO kēia ke waiho ʻana i nā pūnaewele o ke kino i ka pōloli no ka ikehu.
ʻAʻole ʻike maopopo nā kauka i ka mea e hoʻomaka ai kēia kaʻina hanana.
Pili paha ia i ka hana ʻino o ka cell a i ʻole ka hōʻailona cell a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pancreas. I kekahi poʻe, hoʻopuka ka ate i ka nui o ka glucose. ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 Aia paha kahi predisposition genetic e hoʻomohala ai.
ʻO ka momona no ka predisposition genetic i kēia manawa, pale ʻana i ka insulin a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes. Loaʻa paha kahi hoʻoulu kaiapuni.
Nā mea pilikia no ka maʻi maʻi type 2
Aia nā kumu pilikia ʻole hiki ke hoʻololi a hoʻololi ʻia no ka maʻi diabetes type 2.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana nui e pili ana i nā kumu pilikia hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomalu e pale aku i kēia maʻi mai ka ulu ʻana.
ʻaneʻi nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi diabetes type 2...
Moʻolelo ʻohana
ʻO ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2, kiʻekiʻe inā aia i loko o kekahi o nā mākua a i ʻole kekahi kaikaina.
Wahi a ka American Diabetes Association, ʻo ka pilikia genetic:
- 50 i ka 7 inā loaʻa kekahi o ka ʻohana i ka maʻi diabetes ma mua o ke 1 o kona mau makahiki.
- 50 i loko o 13 inā loaʻa kekahi o nā mākua i ka maʻi diabetes ma hope o ke 1 makahiki.
- 2 i ka 1 inā loaʻa nā mākua ʻelua i ka maʻi diabetes.
lāhui a lāhui paha
Nā kānaka o kekahi mau lāhui a me nā lāhui, a me ka moʻolelo ʻohana ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻO ka poʻe Latino ʻAmelika, ʻApelika ʻAmelika, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, a me ʻAsia ka pilikia nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes.
makahiki
i kou wā ʻelemakule ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 piʻi ka pilikia. Loaʻa ka hapa nui i nā poʻe mākua waena, no ka laʻana ma hope o ka makahiki 45.
ʻO ia paha ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka poʻe, e nalowale ana ka nui o ka ʻiʻo, a loaʻa ke kaumaha i ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki.
Eia nō naʻe, ke ulu nui nei kēia ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā keiki, nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, ma muli o ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano ola kino.
Manaʻo ka poʻe loea olakino e nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko i kēlā me kēia mahina, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 40. ʻIke mua, ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a he mea nui ka hooponopono.
ka maʻi maʻi ma ka hāpai ʻana
Inā ulu ka maʻi diabetes, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka gestational diabetes, i ka wā hāpai, a laila ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 piʻi ka pilikia o ka ulu ʻana.
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana, i paʻi ʻia ma ka Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ua ʻike nā wahine i ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka wā hāpai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 hōʻike i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hānau ʻana i kahi pēpē ma mua o 9 kg, pilikia ka maʻi diabetes type 2 mahuahua.
Momona
ʻO ke kaumaha nui a i ʻole ka momona hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 hoʻonui i ka probability.
ʻO ka nui o ke kaumaha e hoʻoikaika i ka loko o kēlā me kēia cell i kapa ʻia ʻo ka endoplasmic reticle (ER). Ke nui aku ka nui o nā meaʻai ma mua o ka hiki i ka ER ke hana, hoʻoneʻe ia i nā cell e hydrate i ka insulin receptors ma ka ʻili pūnaewele. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ke kiʻekiʻe mau o ka glucose i loko o ke koko.
Eia kekahi, inā mālama ke kino i ka momona ma ka ʻōpū pilikia ka maʻi diabetes type 2ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o ke kino i ka momona ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka pūhaka a me nā ʻūhā.
hana kino ole
hana kino ole ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻo ia ka mea koʻikoʻi nui hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia no ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o kou ikaika, pilikia ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka mea hou aʻe, kōkua ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka pohō kaumaha, hoʻohana i ka glucose no ka ikehu, a hoʻoikaika i nā cell i ka insulin.
Ua ʻike kekahi haʻawina ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hana kino maʻamau e hōʻino i ka mana glycemic (ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kō koko), e alakaʻi ana i ka hana ʻole. ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 ua hōʻikeʻo ia ua manaʻoʻo ia e hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi kuleana nui i kona uluʻana.
E noʻonoʻo i 150 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino aerobic, 75 mau minuke o ka hana aerobic ikaika, a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o ia mau mea ʻelua me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ma kahi o ʻelua lā o ka pule.
Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension)
Hiki i ke koko kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻeha nui i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, a ʻo ke koko kiʻekiʻe i mālama ʻole ʻia hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes.
Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine me ka maʻi diabetes gestational e hoʻomohala i ka hypertension. A me ka maʻi diabetes gestational i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 pili i kona ulu ana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahine e mālama ana i ko lākou pae koko koko i ka wā hāpai e loaʻa i ka hypertension a i ʻole ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 emi mai ka hala
me ka hypertension ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 hoʻonui nui i ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana.
Kiʻekiʻe cholesterol (Lipid) pae
nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (HDL a i ʻole cholesterol 'maikaʻi') a me nā triglycerides kiʻekiʻe, ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular.
Ma kahi noiʻi 2016 i paʻi ʻia ma JAMA Cardiology, ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi ʻo ka poʻe i lawe i nā statins e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae lipoprotein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL, a i ʻole cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole) ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka maʻi diabetes type 2.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā poʻe me nā pae LDL haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke hoʻomohala i ka maʻi puʻuwai. i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 Ua maʻalahi iki lākou iā ia.
ʻano maʻi maʻi diabetes prediabetes, ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 he kumu pilikia maopopo no ka ulu ana Ua wehewehe ʻia ka prediabetes ma ke ʻano he kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko ma mua o ka maʻamau akā ma lalo o ka paepae diabetes.
Hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi i ka prediabetes me kahi hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
ka mea maʻamau i nā wahine, e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi maʻamau polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),ʻO ia kekahi kumu pilikia no ka momona a me ka maʻi diabetes.
Eia kekahi, ka momona he moʻolelo o ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me nā mea pilikia ʻē aʻe e like me ka hyperandrogenism hiki ke kōkua i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes i nā wahine me ka PCOS.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi diabetes type 2?
ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 hiki ke mālama pono. Na ke kauka e haʻi iā ʻoe i ka manawa e pono ai ʻoe e nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko. ʻO ka pahuhopu e noho i loko o kahi ākea.
ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:
- E hoʻokomo i nā meaʻai momona i ka fiber a me nā kalapona olakino i kāu ʻai. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā kīʻaha holoʻokoʻa e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kō koko koko.
- Eʻai i nā manawa maʻamau.
- E mālama i kou kaumaha a mālama i kou naʻau i ke olakino.
- Hana i ka hapalua hola o ka hana aerobic i ka lā e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka naʻau. Kōkua hoʻi ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka mālama ʻana i ke kō koko.
Na kāu kauka e wehewehe pehea e ʻike ai i nā hōʻailona mua o ke kō koko i kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha a me ka mea e hana ai i kēlā me kēia hihia. He kōkua nō hoʻi iā ʻoe e aʻo i nā meaʻai olakino a ʻaʻole hoʻi.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes type 2
I kekahi mau hihia, loli ka nohona ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2lawa iaʻu e hoʻomalu ai. I nā hihia i lawa ʻole, aia kekahi mau lāʻau e hiki ke kōkua. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:
- Metformin, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pae koko koko a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pane ʻana o ke kino i ka insulin - me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻO ia ka lāʻau koho no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka.
sulfonylureas, nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha e kōkua i ke kino e hoʻonui i ka insulin
- nā meglitinides, ʻo ia nā lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki, hana pōkole e hoʻoulu i ka pancreas e huna hou i ka insulin.
- Thiazolidinediones, ka mea e maʻalahi ai ke kino i ka insulin
- ʻO ka dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, he mau lāʻau maʻalahi ia e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kō koko
- glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists e hoʻolōʻihi i ka ʻai ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko.
ʻO ka sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa mai ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka glucose i loko o ke koko a hoʻouna ʻia i loko o ka mimi.
Hiki i kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. He manawa lōʻihi paha ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i kou maʻi diabetes.
ʻAnoʻai maʻi diabetes type 2
ʻO ka meaʻai he mea hana koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka naʻau i ke olakino a me ke kō koko koko ma kahi palekana a olakino.
ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻO ka meaʻai i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka poʻe maʻi ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai nā mea a pau e hahai:
- E ʻai i nā meaʻai a me nā meaʻai ma ka papa manawa.
- E koho i nā ʻano meaʻai he nui nā meaʻai a haʻahaʻa i nā calorie.
- E makaʻala ʻaʻole e ʻai nui.
- nā lepili meaʻai heluhelu pono.
He aha ka mea hiki ʻole ke ʻai ʻia i ka maʻi diabetes type 2?
Aia kekahi mau meaʻai a me nā mea inu pono ʻoe e kaupalena a pale ʻole loa:
- ʻO nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka momona saturated a trans
– ka ʻiʻo e like me ka pipi a i ʻole ke ake
– Nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia
– Iʻa iʻa
- Mākeke
- ʻO nā huahana bakena e like me ka berena keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻeke
- Nā meaʻai i hana ʻia
- Nā mea inu kō, me nā wai hua
- Nā huahana wai momona momona
– Pasta a i ʻole laiki keʻokeʻo
ʻAʻole pono e ʻai i nā meaʻai paʻakai a me nā meaʻai palai.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā momona momona monounsaturated a polyunsaturated mai nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole, me:
- Nā ʻaila e like me ka ʻaila ʻoliva, ka ʻaila canola, a me ka ʻaila pīkī
- Nā hua e like me ka walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds
– avocado
Nā pilikia pili i ka maʻi diabetes type 2
no ka hapanui o na kanaka ʻano maʻi diabetes type 2 hiki ke mālama pono. Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻāpana āpau a alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, e like me:
- Nā pilikia o ka ʻili e like me ka maʻi bacteria a fungal paha
ʻO ka pōʻino a i ʻole ka neuropathy, hiki ke hōʻeha i ka helu ʻana a i ʻole ka helu ʻana a me ke kani ʻana ma nā ʻaoʻao, a me nā pilikia digestive e like me ka luaʻi ʻana, ka maʻi paʻa a me ka constipation.
– ma na wawae ʻino ka holo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kou mau wāwae e ho'ōla ke loaʻa ʻoe i kahi ʻoki a i ʻole ka maʻi, a hiki ke hana i ka gangrene a me ka nalowale o nā wāwae a i ʻole nā wāwae.
– He pilikia ka lohe
- ʻO ka pōʻino o ka retina a i ʻole ka retinopathy a me ka pōʻino o ka maka, hiki ke hōʻeha i ka ʻike maka, glaucoma a me nā cataracts.
ʻO nā maʻi puʻuwai e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka haʻikiʻi o nā aʻa, ka angina, ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau
Hypoglycemia
Hiki ke loaʻa ka hypoglycemia inā haʻahaʻa ke kō koko. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo i ka haʻalulu, ka noʻonoʻo, a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo.
hyperglycemia
hyperglycemiahiki ke hana ke kiʻekiʻe ke kō koko. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka mimi pinepine a me ka nui o ka make wai.
Nā pilikia i ka wā a ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā hāpai, pono e nānā pono i ke kūlana. Hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke mālama pono ʻole ke kumu:
- Paʻakikī ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana
- Poino i ka ulu o ke keiki
- Hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o kāu pēpē
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes i ke ola o ka pēpē.
Manaʻo kōkua no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2
E ʻai i ke olakino ma ke koho ʻana i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka momona a me nā calorie a kiʻekiʻe i ka fiber.
- E ʻai hou i nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu a me nā kīʻaha.
- E hoʻololi i nā huahana waiu momona piha me ka waiū momona haʻahaʻa.
- E koho i nā momona momona maikaʻi ʻole, e kaupalena i nā momona momona a pale i nā momona trans.
- I ka wā e ʻai ai, e hoʻāʻo mau e ʻai i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me 4 a 5 mau manawa i ka lā.
- Manaʻo no ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Inā he nui kou kaumaha, e hana i nā hana e lilo ai ke kaumaha.
- E ʻai i nā hua hou ma mua o ka inu ʻana i ka wai hua.
– Haʻalele i ka puhi paka a pale i ka waiʻona.
- E noʻonoʻo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko a hana i nā mea e pono ai ke mālama ʻia.
- Hoʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular.
- E kūkākūkā i kāu kauka no ka nānā mau. Manaʻo nui ʻia ʻoe e nānā mau i kou glucose koko, ke koko a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol koko.
