Yini Amalahle Acushiwe Futhi Asetshenziswa Kanjani? Izinzuzo Nezingozi

Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ngenye indlela eyaziwa ngokuthi Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingacatshangwa njengekhambi. Namuhla, isetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwemvelo okunamandla. Inezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene njengokwehlisa i-cholesterol, ukwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe nokuvimbela ukuhlanza.

Yini amalahle acushiwe?

Impushana emnyama ecolekile eyenziwe ngamagobolondo kakhukhunathi ane-carbonized, i-peat, i-petroleum coke, amalahle, imigodi yomnqumo noma sawdust.

Enziwa kanjani amalahle acushiwe?

Amalahle acushwa ngokucubungula emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Ukushisa okuphezulu kushintsha isakhiwo sangaphakathi sangaphakathi, ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-pores futhi kwandise indawo yayo. Lokhu kunikeza amalahle anezimbobo kakhulu kunamalahle avamile.

Amalahle acushiwe akufanele adidwe namalahle. Nakuba zombili zenziwe ngezinto eziyisisekelo ezifanayo, amalahle awavulwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe ezinye izinto ezinobuthi kubantu.

Enzani amalahle acushiwe?

Enye yezinzuzo zamalahle acushiwe ukuthi agcina ubuthi namakhemikhali emathunjini, avimbele ukumuncwa kwawo. Ukuthungwa okunezimbotshana kwamalahle kunogesi ongemuhle, okuwenza ahehe ama-molecule ashajwe kahle njengobuthi namagesi.

Kuyasiza ukubamba ubuthi namakhemikhali emathunjini. Njengoba ingamuncwa umzimba, ikhipha ubuthi obuboshelwe ebusweni bomzimba esitulweni.

Kukuphi lapho kusetshenziswa khona amalahle acushiwe?

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle acushiwe kusezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokwelapha ezihlanganisa izici zokubopha ubuthi. Isibonelo, ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimeni ezinobuthi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingabopha inhlobonhlobo yezidakamizwa, inciphise imiphumela yazo.

Kubantu, ibisetshenziswa njengekhambi lobuthi kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1800. Ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukweqisa kwemithi kadokotela, kanye nokweqisa kwezidakamizwa ezithengwayo njenge-aspirin, i-acetaminophen, nezidambisi-zinhliziyo.

Isibonelo, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuthatha umthamo owodwa wamagremu angu-50-100 wamalahle acushiwe imizuzu emihlanu ngemva kokuwadla kunganciphisa ukumuncwa kwezidakamizwa kubantu abadala kuze kufike ku-74%.

Yehlisa imiphumela ibe ngu-30% uma iphuzwa imizuzu engama-50 ngemuva kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, futhi iye kuma-20% uma umuthi uphuzwa amahora amathathu ngemuva kokweqisa. 

Amalahle acushiwe awasebenzi kuzo zonke izimo zobuthi. Ngokwesibonelo, utshwala, heavy metal, yensimbi, lithium, i-potassiumKubonakala kunomphumela omncane ku-acid noma ubuthi be-alkali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi akufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi isetshenziswe njalo lapho kufakwe ubuthi. Esikhundleni salokho, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kubhekwe esimweni ngasinye.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zamalahle acushiwe?

Isekela ukusebenza kwezinso

• Amalahle acushiwe asiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinso ngokunciphisa inani lezinto ezilahlwayo izinso okufanele ziyihlunge. Iwusizo ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
• Izinso ezinempilo ngokuvamile zikuhlomele kahle kakhulu ukuhlunga igazi ngaphandle kosizo olwengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, iziguli ezinesifo sezinso ezingamahlalakhona zivame ukuba nenkinga yokukhipha i-urea nobunye ubuthi emzimbeni.
• Amalahle acushiwe asiza umzimba ukuba uwasuse ngokubopha i-urea nobunye ubuthi. I-Urea neminye imfucuza idlula isuka egazini iye emathunjini ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-diffusion. Ibophezela emalahleni ahlanganiswe emathunjini futhi akhishwe endle.

Yehlisa izimpawu ze-fishy odor syndrome

• Ikhabhoni ecushiwe, i-fish odor syndrome Kuyasiza ukunciphisa iphunga elibi kubantu abane-trimethylaminuria (TMAU).
• I-Fish odor syndrome yisimo sofuzo esibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwe-trimethylamine (TMA), isakhi esinephunga elibolile njengenhlanzi, emzimbeni.
• Abantu abanempilo ngokuvamile baguqulela i-TMA enephunga elimnandi ibe inhlanganisela engenaphunga ngaphambi kokuba ikhishwe emchamweni. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-TMAU abanayo i-enzyme edingekayo ukwenza lokhu kuguqulwa. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-TMA yakheke emzimbeni bese ingena emchameni, izithukuthuku, nokuphefumula kudale iphunga elibi, elinuka inhlanzi.
• Izifundo, ibonisa ukuthi indawo enezimbotshana yamalahle acushiwe ingasiza ukubopha izinhlanganisela eziyiphunga njenge-TMA, ikhulise ukuphuma kwayo.

Yehlisa i-cholesterol

• Amalahle acushiwe asiza ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ibopha i-cholesterol ne-cholesterol equkethe i-bile acid emathunjini, ivimbele ukumuncwa komzimba.
• Olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ukuthatha amagremu angu-24 wamalahle acushiwe ngosuku kwehlisa i-cholesterol ephelele ngo-25% kanye ne-cholesterol “embi” ye-LDL ngama-25% amasonto amane. Amazinga e-cholesterol “enhle” ye-HDL nawo ande ngo-8%.

Asetshenziswa kanjani amalahle acushiwe?

Lo mkhiqizo wemvelo odumile onokusetshenziswa okuningi usetshenziselwa:

Ukunciphisa igesi

• Ezinye izifundo zibika ukuthi kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwegesi ngemva kokudla okukhiqiza igesi. 
• Kungasiza futhi ukwelapha iphunga legesi.

Ukuhlunga amanzi

• Amalahle acushiwe ayinsimbi enzima futhi i-fluoride Kuyindlela edumile esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa okuqukethwe. 
• Kodwa akubonakali kuphumelela kakhulu ekususeni amagciwane, amagciwane, noma amaminerali amanzi aqinile.

Amazinyo abe mhlophe ngamalahle acushiwe

• Ikhabhoni ecushiwe Uma isetshenziswa ngenkathi uxubha amazinyo, inikeza ukumhlophe. 
• Isiza ukwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngokumunca izinhlanganisela ezifana noqweqwe.

Ukugwema imiphumela yotshwala

• Kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa njengokwelapha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-hangover.

ukwelashwa kwesikhumba

• Amalahle acushiwe abonakala ewumuthi osebenzayo wezinduna zesikhumba, izinambuzane noma ukulunywa yinyoka.

Iyini ingozi yamalahle acushiwe?

Ibhekwa njengephephile ezimweni eziningi futhi imiphumela yayo emibi kuthiwa ayivamile futhi ayivamile ukuba ibe nzima. 

• Nokho, kuthiwa kungabangela eminye imiphumela engemihle, evame kakhulu isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza. Ukuqunjelwa kanye nendle emnyama nakho kuvame ukubikwa ngemiphumela engemihle.
• Uma isetshenziswa njengekhambi lobuthi, kunengozi yokungena emaphashini esikhundleni sokungena esiswini. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma umuntu oyithathayo ehlanza noma eyozela noma ezwa kancane. Ngenxa yale ngozi, kufanele inikezwe kuphela abantu abaqaphela ngokugcwele.
• Amalahle acushiwe angase enze izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu kubantu abane-variegate porphyria, isifo sofuzo esingavamile esithinta isikhumba, amathumbu, kanye nesistimu yezinzwa.
• Kungase futhi kubangele ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu. 
• Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi futhi kunganciphisa ukumuncwa kwezinye izidakamizwa. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaphuza imithi kufanele baxhumane nochwepheshe babo bezempilo ngaphambi kokuyithatha.

Umthamo wamalahle ocushiwe

Labo abafisa ukuzama leli khambi lemvelo kufanele banake imiyalelo yemithamo efana naleyo esetshenziswe ezifundweni ezishiwo ngenhla. Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ubuthi bezidakamizwa.

Umthamo wamagremu angu-50-100 ungalawulwa uchwepheshe wezokwelapha, ngokufanelekile phakathi nehora elilodwa lokudlula ngokweqile. Izingane kufanele zivame ukuthatha umthamo ongaphansi kuka-10-25 amagremu.

Imithamo kwezinye izimo ingaba kusuka ku-1.5 amagremu ekwelapheni isifo sephunga lezinhlanzi kuya ku-4-32 amagremu ngosuku ukwehlisa i-cholesterol nokwandisa ukusebenza kwezinso ezifweni zezinso.

Amalahle acushiwe atholakala kufomu le-capsule, iphilisi, noma impushana. Uma ithathwa njengempushana, ixutshwa namanzi noma amanzi angenayo i-asidi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa umthamo wamanzi, ukuqunjelwa Kuyasiza futhi ukuvimbela izimpawu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle acushiwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

I-FDA ikufakazele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kulimaza umbungu. Nakuba ucwaningo seluqinisekisiwe ezilwaneni kuphela, alunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa.

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