Chii chinonzi Type 2 Diabetes, Nei Chichiitika? Zviratidzo uye Risk Factors

chirwere cheshugachirwere chisingaperi chine shuga kana mazinga eglucose akakwira muropa. Ihomoni insulin inobatsira kufambisa glucose kubva muropa kuenda kumasero uko inoshandiswa kuita simba.

Muchirwere cheshuga chechipiri, masero emuviri haakwanisi kupindura insulini sezvaanofanira kuita. Mumatanho ekupedzisira echirwere, muviri unogonawo kusakwanisa kugadzira insulin yakakwana.

rudzi rwechipiri rwechirwere cheshuga rusingadzorekiinogona kutungamirira kuhuwandu hwehuga hwepamusoro, hunokonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko makuru.

Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zve Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 chirwere cheshugaMuviri haugone kushandisa insulin nemazvo kuunza glucose mumasero. Izvi zvinoita kuti muviri uvimbe pane mamwe masimba emasimba mumatishu, mhasuru, uye nhengo. Uku ndiko kuita kweketani kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana.

Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inogona kukura zvishoma nezvishoma. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuva zvinyoro uye zviri nyore kupotsa pakutanga. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinosanganisira:

- Nzara yenguva dzose

- Kushaya simba

- Kuneta

- kuonda

– nyota yakanyanyisa

– Kugaroita weti

-mukanwa wakaoma

– Ganda kuvava

– kusaona zvakanaka

Sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, zviratidzo zvinowedzera zvakanyanya uye zvinogona kuva nengozi.

Kana iyo shuga yeropa yakakwira kwenguva yakareba, zviratidzo zvinogona zvakare kuratidza se:

– mbiriso zvirwere

– Maronda kana maronda anononoka kupora

-Mavara akasviba paganda, mamiriro anozivikanwa seacanthosis nigras

- Marwadzo etsoka

- Chiveve kana neuropathy mumigumo

Kana uine zviviri kana kupfuura zvezviratidzo izvi, ona chiremba. Kana ikasarapwa, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kuisa upenyu pangozi.

Zvinokonzera Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin ihomoni inowanzoitika. Inogadzirwa nepancreas. Insulin inobatsira kutakura glucose kubva muropa kuenda kumasero ari mumuviri, uko inoshandiswa kuita simba.

Type 2 chirwere cheshuga Kana zvakadaro, muviri unova kurwisa insulin. Haachagoni kushandisa hormone zvakanaka. Izvi zvinomanikidza pancreas kuti ishande nesimba kugadzira insulin yakawanda.

Nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kukuvadza masero ari pancreas. Pakupedzisira, pancreas inogona kusakwanisa kugadzira chero rudzi rwe insulin.

Kana insulin isina kukwana ikagadzirwa kana kuti muviri ukasaishandisa nemazvo, shuga inowanda muropa. Izvi zvinoita kuti masero emuviri awane simba.

Vanachiremba havazivi chaizvo chinoparira kutevedzana uku kwezviitiko.

Inogona kuve yakabatana nekusashanda kwesero kana sero kusaina uye kudzora mupancreas. Mune vamwe vanhu, chiropa chinobudisa glucose yakawandisa. Type 2 chirwere cheshuga Panogona kunge paine genetic predisposition kuigadzira.

Kufutisa kweiyo iripo genetic predisposition, insulin kuramba uye inowedzera njodzi yechirwere cheshuga. Panogonawo kunge paine chinokonzeresa nharaunda.

Zvikonzero Zvengozi yeChirwere cheChirwere chechipiri 

Kune ese ari maviri asingagadzirike uye anogona kuchinjika njodzi yemhando ye2 chirwere cheshuga.

Kunyange iwe usingakwanise kuita zvakawanda pamusoro pezvisingagadzirike njodzi zvinhu, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvaunogona kudzora kubatsira kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere ichi.

pano Zvikonzero zvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri... 

Nhoroondo Yemhuri

Ngozi yekukura chirwere cheshuga chechipiri, yakakwirira kana iri mune mumwe wevabereki kana kuti mukoma.

Maererano neAmerican Diabetes Association, njodzi yemajini ndeye:

- 50 mu7 kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akabatwa nechirwere cheshuga asati asvika makore makumi mashanu.

- 50 mu13 kana mumwe wevabereki akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere cheshuga mushure memakore makumi mashanu.

- 2 mu1 kana vabereki vose vane chirwere cheshuga.

rudzi kana dzinza

Vanhu vemamwe marudzi nemadzinza, pamwe chete nenhoroondo yemhuri Type 2 chirwere cheshuga zvakanyanya kufambira mberi. MaLatino America, maAmerican America, maNative America, uye maAsia vane njodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga.

zera 

sezvaunokura Type 2 chirwere cheshuga njodzi inowedzera. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune vanhu vakuru, semuenzaniso mushure memakore makumi mana nemashanu.

Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri nekuti vanhu vanowanzo kurovedza muviri zvishoma, vanowanzorasikirwa nemhasuru, uye kuwedzera uremu sezvo zera rinowedzera.

Zvisinei, rudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga rwuri kuitika kakawanda muvana, vechidiki uye vechidiki, kunyanya nekuda kwekusarura kwemararamiro asina kunaka.

Nyanzvi dzezvehutano dzinokurudzira kuongorora mazinga eshuga yeropa mwedzi mishoma yega, kutanga pazera re40. Kukurumidza kuongororwa, mhando 2 yekudzivirira chirwere cheshuga kana kutungamira kwakakosha.

chirwere cheshuga pamuviri

Kana chirwere cheshuga, chinozivikanwa se gestational chirwere cheshuga, chakagadzirwa panguva yekuzvitakura, saka Type 2 chirwere cheshuga njodzi yekukura inowedzera.

Chidzidzo ichi, chakabudiswa muEndocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology uye Metabolism, chakawana kuti vakadzi vakaonekwa vaine gestational chirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura. kukura Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inoshuma njodzi huru.

Mukuwedzera, kubereka mwana anorema kupfuura 9 kg; Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inowedzera.

Kufutisa

Kufutisa kana kufutisa kukura Type 2 chirwere cheshuga kunowedzera mukana.

Kufutisa kunosimbisa mukati memasero ega ega anonzi endoplasmic reticle (ER). Kana paine zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri kupfuura izvo ER inogona kugadzirisa, zvinoita kuti masero aise hydrate iyo insulin receptors pane sero pamusoro. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukugara kwakakwirira kweglucose muropa.

Uyezve, kana muviri uchinyanya kuchengeta mafuta mudumbu Type 2 chirwere cheshugaZvinowanzoitika kuti muviri unochengeta mafuta kune imwe nzvimbo, zvakadai sehudyu nezvidya. 

kusaita muviri

kusaita muviri Type 2 chirwere cheshuga ndiyo inonyanya kukosha inogadziriswa njodzi chinhu che Kusashanda kwaunoita, Type 2 chirwere cheshuga iyo yakakwirira inowedzera.

Zvakare, kuita zvemuviri kunobatsira kuderedza uremu, kunoshandisa glucose kune simba, uye kunoita kuti masero awedzere kunzwira insulin.

Imwe ongororo yakawana kuti kurega kuita basa renguva dzose rinokanganisa glycemic control (kutonga kwemazinga eshuga yeropa), izvo zvinotungamira mukusaita. Type 2 chirwere cheshuga akaratidza kuti aifunga kuti aigona kuita basa rinokosha mukukura kwake.

Vavarira 150 maminetsi epakati-kusimba aerobic kurovedza muviri, 75 maminetsi esimba-kusimba aerobic basa, kana musanganiswa wezviviri nekusimbisa tsandanyama mazuva maviri pasvondo.

High blood pressure (Hypertension)

Kukwira kweropa kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru kuhurongwa hwemwoyo, uye kusagadziriswa kwepamusoro kweropa kunogona kukonzera kukura kwechirwere cheshuga.

Zvakare, vakadzi vane gestational diabetes vane mukana wekuita hypertension. Uye gestational chirwere cheshuga mumakore anotevera Type 2 chirwere cheshuga zvakabatana nekukura kwayo.

Nekudaro, vakadzi vanobata mazinga eshuga yeropa panguva yekuzvitakura vanofanirwa kuve nehypertension kana Type 2 chirwere cheshuga zvishoma kudarika

ne hypertension Type 2 chirwere cheshuga kunowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekurova kwemoyo kana sitiroko.

High cholesterol (Lipid) mazinga

low-density lipoproteins (HDL kana 'yakanaka' cholesterol) uye yakakwira triglycerides, Type 2 chirwere cheshuga uye zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere chemoyo.

Muchidzidzo che 2016 chakabudiswa muJAMA Cardiology, vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti vanhu vakatora statins kuderedza yakaderera-density lipoprotein mazinga (LDL, kana kuti yakaipa cholesterol) vaiva pangozi yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Zvisinei, vanhu vane mwero wakaderera weLDL nenzira yomuzvarirwo vakanga vasina mukana wokuva nehosha yemwoyo. kutaipa 2 chirwere cheshuga Vaive vatonyanya kusimba pazviri.

prediabetes 

chimiro chidiki chechirwere cheshuga prediabetes, Type 2 chirwere cheshuga chinhu chakajeka chengozi yekuvandudza Prediabetes inotsanangurwa seyero yeshuga yeropa pamusoro peyakajairika asi iri pasi peiyo chirwere cheshuga.

Prediabetes inogona kuonekwa nyore nyore nekuongororwa ropa. 

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

zvinowanzoitika muvakadzi, zvichikonzera kuenda kumwedzi kusina kujairika polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),Ndiyo imwe njodzi yekufutisa uye chirwere cheshuga.

Uyezve, kufutisa nhoroondo yechirwere cheshuga chechipiri uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi zvakadai se hyperandrogenism zvinogona kuita kuti kuwedzera kwengozi yechirwere cheshuga muvakadzi vane PCOS.

Type 2 Diabetes Inorapwa Sei?

Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inogona kutarisirwa zvinobudirira. Chiremba achakuudza kuti unofanira kutarisa huwandu hweshuga yako. Chinangwa ndechekugara mukati meimwe nhanho.

kutarisira Type 2 chirwere cheshuga Teerera kune aya mazano:

- Sanganisira chikafu chakapfuma mufiber uye macarbohydrates ane hutano mukudya kwako. Kudya michero, miriwo, uye zviyo zvichabatsira kuchengetedza shuga yeropa.

- Idya nguva nenguva.

- Dzora uremu hwako uye chengetedza moyo wako uine hutano. 

- Ita ingangoita hafu yeawa yekuita basa reaerobic pazuva kuti ubatsire kuchengetedza moyo. Kuita maekisesaizi kunobatsirawo kudzora shuga iri muropa.

Chiremba wako anotsanangura nzira yekuona zviratidzo zvekutanga zveshuga yeropa yakanyanya kana kuderera uye zvekuita mune yega yega. Zvinokubatsirawo kudzidza kuti ndezvipi zvekudya zvine hutano uye izvo zvisina.

Mishonga Yerudzi rwechipiri Chirwere cheshuga

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mararamiro anochinja Type 2 chirwere cheshugazvakakwana kuti ndirambe ndiri pasi pesimba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo hazvina kukwana, kune mishonga yakawanda inogona kubatsira. Mimwe yemishonga iyi ndeiyi:

- metformin, iyo inogona kuderedza mazinga ehuga uye kugadzirisa mapinduriro anoita muviri kune insulin. ane Type 2 chirwere cheshuga Ndiwo marapirwo anosarudzwa nevanhu vazhinji.

sulfonylureas, iyo mishonga yemumuromo inobatsira muviri kugadzira insulin yakawanda

- meglitinides, iyo inokurumidza-kuita, mishonga ipfupi-inobata iyo inokurudzira pancreas kuti ibudise insulin yakawanda.

- Thiazolidinediones, iyo inoita kuti muviri uwedzere kunzwa kune insulin

- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, izvo zvinodhaka zvinyoro zvinobatsira kuderedza shuga yeropa.

- glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists inononoka kugaya uye inovandudza mazinga ehuga.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira itsvo kubva pakudzoreredza glucose muropa uye kuitumira muweti.

Imwe neimwe yemishonga iyi inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuwana mushonga wakanakisa kana musanganiswa wemishonga kurapa chirwere chako cheshuga.

Type 2 Diabetes Nutrition

Kudya chinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza moyo uine hutano uye huwandu hweshuga yeropa munzvimbo yakachengeteka uye ine hutano.

Type 2 chirwere cheshuga Chikafu chinokurudzirwa kuvarwere ndicho icho anenge munhu wese anofanira kutevedzera:

- Idya chikafu uye masviki panguva yakatarwa.

-Sarudza chikafu chakasiyana-siyana chine chikafu chakawanda uye chine macalorie mashoma.

- Chenjerera kuti usadya zvakanyanya.

- zvinyorwa zvekudya verenga nokungwarira.

Chii Chisingadyiwe muType 2 Diabetes?

Pane zvimwe zvekudya uye zvinwiwa zvaunofanira kudzikisira kana kudzivisa zvachose:

- Chikafu chakakwira mune akazara kana trans mafuta

– zvipfuyo zvakaita semombe kana chiropa

– Mhuka dzakagadzirwa

– Shellfish

- Margarine

- Zvigadzirwa zvekubheka senge chingwa chichena uye mabhegi

- Zvikafu zvinogadzirwa

- Zvinwiwa zvine shuga, kusanganisira muto wemichero

- Zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvine mafuta akawanda

– Pasta kana mupunga muchena

Inokurudzirwawo kuti usadya zvokudya zvine munyu uye zvakakangwa. 

Chii Chekudya muType 2 Diabetes?

Hutano hwemakhahydrates hunogona kusarudzwa:

- Fruits

– Muriwo usina sitachi

– Legumes

- Mbeu dzakakwana senge oats kana quinoa

- Mbambaira

Mwoyo-utano omega 3 fatty acids Zvokudya zvine:

- Tuna

- Sardines

– Salmon

– tuna

– Kod

– Flaxseed

Iwe unogona kuwana ane hutano monounsaturated uye polyunsaturated mafuta kubva kwakasiyana-siyana zvekudya, kusanganisira:

- Mafuta akadai semafuta emuorivhi, canola mafuta, uye peanut oil

– Nzungu senge walnuts, hazelnuts, maamondi

– avocado

Matambudziko Akabatanidzwa ne Type 2 Diabetes

kuvanhu vazhinji Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inogona kutarisirwa zvinobudirira. Kana ikasagadziriswa nemazvo, inogona kukanganisa chero nhengo uye inotungamirira kumatambudziko makuru, kusanganisira:

- Matambudziko eganda senge mabhakitiriya kana fungal utachiona

Kukuvara kwetsinga kana neuropathy, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kana kusanzwa uye kurira mumigumo, pamwe nematambudziko ekugaya akadai sekurutsa, manyoka uye kuvimbiswa.

– patsoka kusatenderera kweropa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuti tsoka dzako dziporese kana uine kucheka kana utachiona, uye zvinogona kukonzera gangrene uye kurasikirwa kwetsoka kana makumbo.

– Kusanzwa zvakanaka

-Kukuvara kweretinal kana retinopathy uye kukuvara kweziso, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganiswa kwekuona, glaucoma uye cataracts.

Zvirwere zvemwoyo zvakadai seBP, kuderera kwetsinga, angina, kurwisa kwemoyo uye sitiroko

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia inogona kuitika kana shuga yeropa yakaderera. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kudedera, dzungu, uye kutadza kutaura. 

hyperglycemia

hyperglycemiainogona kuitika kana shuga yeropa yakakwira. Iyo inowanzoonekwa nekugara weti uye kuwedzera nyota. 

Matambudziko panguva uye mushure mekuita pamuviri

Kana uine chirwere cheshuga paunenge uine pamuviri, zvakakosha kunyatsotarisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Chirwere cheshuga chisingatarisike zvakakwana chinogona kukonzera:

– Zvinonetsa kubata pamuviri nekuzvara

- Kukuvadza kunhengo dzemwana dziri kukura

- Zvinokonzera kuti mwana wako awedzere uremu

Zvinogonawo kuwedzera njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga muhupenyu hwese hwemwana.

Mazano ekudzivirira Type 2 Diabetes

Idya zvine hutano nekusarudza chikafu chine mafuta mashoma uye macalorie uye akakwira mufiber.

- Idya michero yakawanda, miriwo uye zviyo.

- Tsiva zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvine mafuta akazara nemukaka usina mafuta mashoma.

-Sarudza ane hutano asina kuzara mafuta, dzikamisa mafuta akazara uye dzivirira trans mafuta.

- Paunenge uchidya, gara uchiedza kudya zvidiki muzvikamu zvidiki uye 4 kana kashanu pazuva.

-Vavarira kuita angangoita maminetsi makumi matatu ekuita zvine mwero zvekurovedza muviri pazuva.

- Kana wakafuta, tora matanho ekuderedza uremu.

- Idya muchero mutsva pane kunwa muto wemuchero.

– Rega kuputa uye dzivisa doro.

-Cherechedza chiyero cheBP yako uye ita izvo zvinodiwa kuti urambe uri pasi pesimba.

- Kuderedza njodzi yechirwere chemoyo.

- Bvunza chiremba wako kuti ugare uchiongororwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti ugare uchitarisa glucose yeropa, BP uye ropa cholesterol level.