Hoʻohana mākou i ka plastic i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka plastik ma kahi ʻano biodegradable. I ka wā lōʻihi, e wāwahi ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia nā microplastics hiki ke hōʻino i ke kaiapuni. Hōʻike nā haʻawina hou e loaʻa pinepine nā microplastics i ka meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka iʻa. No laila he aha ka microplastic a he aha kona mau pōʻino? Eia nā mea āu e noʻonoʻo nei:
He aha nā microplastics?
ʻO Microplastics nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka plastic i loaʻa i ke kaiapuni. Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo ia nā ʻāpana plastik ma lalo o 5 mm ke anawaena. Hana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he plastic plastic liʻiliʻi, e like me ka micro-sized plastic beads i hoʻohui ʻia i ka toothpaste a me nā exfoliants, a i ʻole i hana ʻia i ka wā e haki ai nā plastics nui i ke kaiapuni.
He aha nā microplastics?
He mea maʻamau ka microplastic i nā moana, nā muliwai a me ka lepo. ʻAi pinepine ʻia e nā holoholona.
Ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau haʻawina i ka makahiki 1970 e noiʻi i nā pae o nā microplastics i ka moana a loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika ma waho o ke kahakai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Ma muli o ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka honua i ka plastic i kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka plastic i nā muliwai a me nā moana. Ma kahi o 8.8 miliona mau tone o ka ʻōpala palaka e komo i ke kai i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He 276.000 tone o kēia plastik e lana ana i loko o ke kai i kēia manawa, a ʻo ke koena ua pohō a lana paha i uka.
Aia i loko o ke kai, neʻe ka microplastics me nā au, ka nalu a me nā kūlana makani a hiki ke laha i nā wahi āpau o ka kaiaola kai.
I ka emi ʻana o nā ʻāpana plastik a lilo i microplastics liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia e nā holoholona hihiu, kahi pilikia nui i nā ala wai i kēia lā.
Loaʻa ka microplastics ma nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka meaʻai.
Ua nānā ʻia kahi noiʻi hou he 15 mau ʻano like ʻole o ka paʻakai kai a loaʻa iā 273 microplastic particles no ka kilo o ka paʻakai (600 particles per kilo).
ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o nā microplastics i ka meaʻai he iʻa. No ka mea maʻamau ka microplastic i ka wai kai, ʻai ʻia e nā iʻa a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe o ke kai.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou i ka ʻai ʻana o kekahi iʻa i ka plastic i meaʻai, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kemika ʻawaʻawa e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o nā ake iʻa.
Hōʻike kekahi haʻawina e loaʻa ana nā microplastics i nā mea kai hohonu, e pili ana i nā ʻano mamao loa. mussels aʻoʻopu Nui nā ʻano mea ola ʻē aʻe, e like me nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka haumia.
Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou ʻana he 0.36-0.47 mau ʻāpana microplastic i hopu ʻia no ka ʻai kanaka.iʻa iʻaUa hoʻomaopopo ʻia hiki i nā kānaka ke ʻai a hiki i 11.000 microplastic particle i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Pehea ka hopena o ka microplastic i ke olakino kanaka?
ʻOiai ke hōʻike nei kekahi mau haʻawina e loaʻa nā microplastics i nā meaʻai, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hopena o ke olakino. I kēia manawa, ua nānā nā haʻawina i ka hopena o ka microplastics i ke olakino kanaka a me nā maʻi.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Phthalates, kahi ʻano kemika i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i ka plastic, e hoʻonui ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi umauma.
Ua nānā ʻia kahi noiʻi hou i nā hopena o nā microplastics i nā ʻiole laboratory. Ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻiole, hōʻiliʻili nā microplastics i loko o ke ake, nā puʻupaʻa, a me nā ʻōpū a hoʻonuikaumaha oxidative ʻāhui mole. Ua hoʻonui pū i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi mole e hiki ke ʻona i ka lolo.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā microparticles, me nā microplastics, e hele mai ka ʻōpū i loko o ke koko a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
Ua loaʻa pū nā microplastics i nā kānaka. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina i nā fiber plastic i 87% o nā māmā kanaka i nānā ʻia. Ua manaʻo nā mea noiʻi ma muli paha o nā microplastics i loaʻa i ka lewa.
Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i nā microplastics ea e hoʻoulu i nā pūnaʻi māmā e hana i nā kemika inflammatory.
ʻO Bisphenol A (BPA) kekahi o nā plastic i aʻo nui ʻia i loaʻa i ka meaʻai. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia i loko o ka ʻeke plastik a i ʻole nā pahu mālama meaʻai a hiki ke lele i loko o ka meaʻai.
Ua hōʻike kekahi mau hōʻike e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka BPA i nā hormones hānau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahine.
He aha nā pōʻino o ka microplastic?
ʻO ia ke kumu o ka ʻawaʻawa i loko o ka ʻōpū o ke kanaka, ka māmā, ka ate a me ka lolo.
Hoʻopilikia ia i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā mea olaola.
