Chii chinonzi typhus? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera uye Kurapwa

Typhus, nemamwe mashoko fivha yave iripo kubva kare. Chave chiri chimwe chezvirwere zvakaipisisa munhoroondo yose, kunyanya munguva dzehondo. chirwere chetyphus Yakatanga kunyorwa panguva yekukomba kwemauto eSpain kweGranada muna 1489.

Pari zvino, chirwere chetyphusYakanyorwa mune mamwe mativi enyika, akadai seEast Africa, Asia, uyewo mamwe matunhu muCentral neSouth America.

Kusvika pari zvino, hapana majekiseni anozivikanwa ekurapa nekudzivirira chirwere ichi, kunze kwekuvandudzwa kwehutsanana, kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye mishonga yezvipembenene inoshanda.

Muzvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura kugadzirwa kwetyphusPakave nekuderera kukuru kweiyo

Muchinyorwa "chii chinonzi typhus chirwere, "typhus inotapuriranwa sei", "chinokonzera typhus" misoro ichakurukurwa.

Chii chinonzi typhus?

Typhuschirwere chebhakitiriya chinokonzerwa neRickettsia bacteria. Chirwere chebhakitiriya kana hutachiona hunoparadzirwa nenhata, inda kana mite.

Hutachiwana uhu hunopararira kubva kuArthropods, zvichireva kuti mhuka dzisina mapfupa emuzongoza dzakaita semite, inda kana zvikwekwe zvinotapurira utachiona kuburikidza nekurumwa.

Kurumwa netumbuyu kunosiya mucherechedzo pamuviri, izvo zvinogona kuvhura ganda zvakanyanya kana rikakwenya. Utachiona hunosvika muropa kana hwasangana neganda rakashama; inoramba ichiberekana uye ichikura.

Typhusis vector-borne bacterial disease; Kune marudzi e endemic uye denda.

Mhando yedenda kunyanya ine nhoroondo refu uye inouraya.

Zvinokonzera njodzi yechirwere chetyphus zvinosanganisira kushanyira kana kugara munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda vemakonzo nedzimwe mhuka (somuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzenjodzi, nzvimbo dzine urombo, misasa yevapoteri, majeri) uko mavector akadai senhata nenda anogona kutakura mabhakitiriya kubva kumhuka.

Endemic typhus zviratidzo Izvi zvinosanganisira mapundu anotanga nekupararira pahunde yemuviri, kupisa kwakanyanya, kusvotwa, kupera simba, manyoka uye kurutsa. denda typhusane zviratidzo zvakafanana asi zvakatonyanya, zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa paganda, delirium, hypotension, uye kufa.

TyphusInoongororwa nemiedzo yakasiyana-siyana (PCR, histological staining) zvichienderana nenhoroondo yemurwere, kuongororwa kwemuviri, uye maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndeye endemic uye denda typhus kushandiswa kurapa.

Prognosis ye endemic typhus kazhinji yakanaka kune yakanaka asi kufungidzira kwedenda retyphusinogona kubva kune yakanaka kusvika kune yakaipa nekutanga kurapwa kunoshanda, uye vakwegura vanowanzova nekufungidzira kwakaipisisa.

Hutsanana uye hutsanana hwekugara hunodzikisira kana kubvisa kuratidzwa nemakonzo, mbeva nedzimwe mhuka uye mavector adzo (inda, nhata) typhus mhando inogona kudzivirira kana kuderedza njodzi ye endemic kana denda typhus Hakuna jekiseni rinoipikisa.

Chirwere chetyphus chinoparadzirwa sei?

Kazhinji, unogona kuwana chirwere ichi munyaya yekurumwa kwezvipembenene. Hakutapuriranwe kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe sefuruwenza kana dzihwa.

Inda dzine utachiona, nhata kana mite dzinowanikwa mumhuka diki dzakaita sembeva, tsindi nekatsi imotokari dzeutachiona.

Mukuwedzera, zvipembenene zvinova vatakuri vehutachiona apo vanodya paropa regonzo rine utachiona kana kuti munhu ane utachiona.

Nzira dzekutakura typhusChinonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati peizvi ndechekusangana nemibhedha yakazadzwa nebhakitiriya-inotakura arthropods.

Saizvozvowo, utachiona hunogona kuparadzirwa kuburikidza netsvina yeArthropods. Kana ukakwenya nzvimbo yakarumwa inodya mbeva kana inda, utachiona huri mutsvina hunopinda muropa nemumaronda enzvimbo yakakwenya.

Munzvimbo dzakatsvikinyidzana dzakaita semahostela ekufambisa, nzvimbo dzine makwenzi akawanda, uye zvimbuzi zveveruzhinji zvisina hutsanana. typhus zvingangoitika. 

Ndezvipi Zvikonzero uye Mhando dzeTyphus?

Kune marudzi matatu akasiyana. Mhando imwe neimwe inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya yakasiyana uye inopararira kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzeArthropod.

Epidemic typhus nekuda kwechirwere chedenda

Inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya "Rickettsia prowazekii" uye inda dzemuviri dzinotakura chirwere ichi. Inogona zvakare kutapurirwa kuburikidza nemateki.

Micro abrasions paganda inoita senge nzira yekuti pathogen-yakazara fecal matter ipinde muropa.

Utachiona uhwu hunowanikwa pasi rose, asi kazhinji hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzinokurudzira kubatwa kwendava, dzakaita sehutsanana uye nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda.

denda typhusNdiyo yakakomba uye yakajairika fomu, sezvo inogona kukanganisa huwandu hukuru hwehuwandu munguva pfupi. 

Murine typhus kana endemic typhus

Inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya Rickettsia typhi. Inotapurirwa nenhata dzekatsi kana nhata dzembeva. Mhuka dzemurine hadzina kuganhurirwa kune imwe nzvimbo sezvo yakapararira pasi rose.

Zvakadaro, inowanikwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa. Inotapurirwa nyore nyore kune vanhu vari pedyo nepedyo nemakonzo. 

scrub typhus

Inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya "Orientia tsutsugamushi". Mhando iyi inonyanya kuwanikwa muAustralia, Asia, Papua New Guinea, uye Pacific Islands. Mutakuri (Carriers) mabhakitiriya anodya ropa remunhu kana rodent rine utachiona.  

Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveTyphus?

Mhando dzose nhatu dzataurwa pamusoro dzine zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, kunewo zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika, kunyange munhamba shoma; 

- Moto

- kubvunda

- Mapundu

- Headache

– Chikosoro chakaoma

– Kurwadza kwetsandanyama nemajoini 

Uyezve, mhando imwe neimwe ine zviratidzo zvayo. denda typhus zviratidzo zvinongoerekana zvaitika uye zvinoratidza zviratidzo zvinotevera;

- delirium uye kuvhiringidzika

– Kupisa muviri nekupindwa nechando

- Musoro wakakomba

- Kurwadza kwemajoini nemhasuru kwakanyanya

– Chikosoro chakaoma

- Sensitivity kune chiedza chakajeka

- kuderera kweropa

– Mapundu pachipfuva kana musana.

endemic typhus zviratidzo zvinogara pakati pe10 ne12 mazuva. Kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvakafanana nedenda, zvishoma zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa. 

- Kurwadza kwemusana

- Marwadzo emudumbu

- High fever (zvinogona kutora kusvika mavhiki maviri)

– Chikosoro chakaoma

– Kurutsa nekusvotwa

– Kurwadza kwetsandanyama nemajoini

- Musoro wakakomba

- Mapundu matsvuku asina kujeka pachikamu chepakati chemuviri 

scrub typhusZviratidzo zvinotanga kuonekwa mukati memazuva gumi ekutanga mushure mekurumwa. Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi maviri, rudzi urwu runogona kuuraya vanhu vanotambura nemhando dzose dzezvirwere zvakakomba sezvo zvichigona kukonzera kubuda ropa uye kukundikana kwenhengo. Zviratidzo zvayo zvinotevera;

- zvinopera

- Kuwedzera lymph nodes

-Kuvhiringidzika kwepfungwa uye coma mune dzepamusoro kesi

– Kurwadza kwemuviri nemamhasuru

– Fivha uye kupindwa nechando

- Musoro wakakomba

- Yakasviba, yakaita seganda-kuumbwa panzvimbo yakarumwa.

Chii chinonzi Typhus Risk Factors?

typhus ngozi zvinhuKugara kana kushanyira nzvimbo dzine chirwere ichi. Izvi zvinosanganisira maguta akawanda ane zviteshi zvezvikepe ane makonzo akawanda uye nzvimbo dzinoungana marara uye hutsanana hunogona kunge hwakaderera.

Nzvimbo dzine njodzi, misasa yevasina pokugara, nzvimbo dzine urombo nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anobvumira makonzo kuti aswedere pedyo nevanhu zvinopa ngozi huru. Iyi ndiyo cholera, tibhii uye mamiriro akafanana anotungamira kuzvirwere zvehutachiona senge furuu.

Chirimo nezhizha ndipo apo nhata (uye zvikwekwe) zvinonyanya kushanda, asi zvirwere zvinogona kuitika chero nguva yegore.

Typhus Inorapwa Sei?

Kunyange zvazvo pasina kurapwa kwakananga kwechirwere ichi, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa nhasi. Chikumbiro chinosiyana zvichienderana nevanhu vabatwa.

- Doxycycline ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa nzira yekurapa. Inogona kupiwa vanhu vemazera ose. Yakatemerwa kuti doxycycline inopa mhedzisiro inoshanda munguva pfupi.

- Chloramphenicol inonyanya kushandiswa kune vanhu vasina pamuviri kana kuyamwisa. Kazhinji denda typhus inoshanda ku

– Vanhu vasingakwanise kunwa mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya doxycycline vanopihwa ciprofloxacin.

Ndezvipi Zvinetso zveTyphus?

Kana isina kurapwa, typhus zvinogona kukonzera zvakakomba uye kunyange zvinouraya matambudziko:

- Kuzvimba kweuropi nemuzongoza

- Mbeu yakakurisa

- Kuzvimba kwemhasuru yemoyo kana mavharuvhu

- Kubuda ropa mukati

- Kidney naughty

- Kukuvadzwa kwechiropa

- kuderera kweropa

- Chirwere chemabayo

– Septic shock

Nzira yekudzivirira sei typhus?

Hapana nzira chaiyo yekudzivirira kuitika kwechirwere ichi. II. nokuda kwedenda muHondo Yenyika II vaccine yetyphus Kunyangwe huwandu hwenyaya hwakavandudzwa, huwandu hwenyaya dziri kudzikira dzakamisa kugadzirwa kwejekiseni. 

Sezvo pasina mushonga chaiwo wechirwere chebhakitiriya, kudzivirira kukura kwetyphus Unofanira kutora matanho anotevera. 

– Imwe yedziviriro iri nyore ndeyekudzivirira kuberekana kwetumbuyu nendanda dzinoparadzira chirwere ichi.

- Gara uchiteerera kune hutsanana hwemunhu.

-Nzvenga kuenda kunzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawandisa dzine hutsanana husina kunaka.

– Shandisa zvinodzinga zvipembenene.

- Zvifukidze iwe paunenge uchienda kunzvimbo dzezvinomera. 

Typhus Inouraya Here?

Pave nemishumo yekufa kwechirwere ichi pamberi pezana ramakore rechi20, kunyanya denda typhus zverudzi. Nhasi nzufu shoma dziri kutaurwa nhasi sezvo vanhu vave kuziva kukosha kwehutsanana.

Rufu rwakawanda rwakataurwa pakati pevakuru uye vanhu vasina kudya kwakakwana vasina immune system yakasimba.

denda typhus Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kurapwa kusina kuitwa, kufa kunogona kuitika. kuongororwa kwe typhus Vana vanoiswa vanonyanya kurapwa.

typhus uye typhoid

Kunyangwe zvinonzwika zvakafanana typhus ve fivha zvirwere zvakasiyana.

Typhus Kufanana nefivha yetyphoid, chirwere chebhakitiriya. Mhando inowanikwa muvanhu, yakasvibiswa chikafu nemvura salmonella kubva pakubata nemabhakitiriya fivha anowana. Pamusoro pezvo, typhoid fever inogona kubatwa kubva mutsvina yevanhu nemhuka dzinotakura chirwere ichi.

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi yekutapukirwa netyphoid:

– Kugara uchigeza maoko

– Hutsanana hwechikafu hwakakodzera

-Kushandisa mvura yakachena chete, yakacheneswa