Kodi Eating Disorders Ndi Chiyani? Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa ndi Chithandizo

Anthu ena matenda akudya Akhoza kukuona ngati njira ya moyo, koma kwenikweni ndi matenda aakulu a maganizo. Zimakhudza anthu mwakuthupi, m'maganizo ndi m'magulu ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa.

Kusokonezeka kwa kadyedwe tsopano ikuzindikiridwa mwalamulo monga matenda a maganizo ndi "Diagnostic and Numerical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM).

Mamiliyoni a amuna ndi akazi padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo vuto la kudya anakhala kapena adzakhala ndi moyo. Kusiyana komwe kungawoneke m'nkhaniyi matenda akudyaadzatchulidwa ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda a zakudya Kudzapatsidwa.

Kodi Eating Disorders Ndi Chiyani?

Kusokonezeka kwa kadyedwendi chikhalidwe chosonyezedwa m'madyedwe achilendo kapena osokoneza. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabwera chifukwa chotengeka kwambiri ndi chakudya, kulemera kwa thupi kapena mawonekedwe a thupi ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto athanzi. Nthawi zina matenda akudya angayambitse ngakhale imfa.

kukhala ndi vuto la kudya Anthu akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Kuletsa kwambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha khalidwe losayenera monga kuletsa chakudya, kusanza, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Kusokonezeka kwa kadyedweNgakhale zingakhudze anthu amtundu uliwonse pa moyo uliwonse, zimachitika makamaka mwa achinyamata ndi atsikana. Ndipotu, 13 peresenti ya achinyamata ali ndi zaka 20. vuto la kudya chotheka.

Kodi N'chiyani Chimayambitsa Kusadya?

Akatswiri, matenda akudyaIwo amaganiza kuti zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi chibadwa.

Maphunziro a mapasa ndi kulera ana amapasa olekana atabadwa ndikutengedwa ndi mabanja osiyanasiyana, matenda akudyaAnapeza umboni wina wosonyeza kuti ukhoza kukhala cholowa.

Kafukufuku wamtunduwu akuwonetsa kuti mmodzi mwa amapasa vuto la kudya adawonetsa kuti mapasa enawo anali ndi mwayi wa 50% wokhala ndi matendawa. 

Makhalidwe aumunthu ali ndi chifukwa china. Makamaka, neuroticism, ungwiro, ndi kutengeka ndi mikhalidwe itatu ya umunthu ndipo nthawi zambiri vuto la kudya kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha chitukuko

Zina zomwe zingayambitse ndizokonda chikhalidwe, kuonda, ndi malingaliro ofooka chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa ndi ma TV. Ena matenda a zakudyanthawi zambiri kulibe m'zikhalidwe zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi malingaliro a Kumadzulo a kuwongolera.

Komabe, malingaliro ovomerezedwa ndi chikhalidwe a kuwongola ali ochuluka m’madera ambiri a dziko lapansi. Komabe, m’mayiko ena, anthu ochepa okha vuto la kudya ikukula. Kotero ichi mwina ndi vuto la zinthu zingapo.

Posachedwapa, akatswiri amanena kuti kusiyana kwa ubongo ndi biology matenda akudyaadanenanso kuti zitha kukhala ndi gawo pakukula kwa Makamaka, serotonin mu ubongo ndi dopamine milingo ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwazinthu izi.

Kuvuta Kwambiri Kudya

Anorexia Nervosa

anorexia nervosa, mwina odziwika kwambiri vuto la kudyaImani. Nthawi zambiri imayamba muunyamata kapena unyamata ndipo imakonda kukhudza amayi ambiri kuposa amuna.

Anthu odwala anorexia nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa kwambiri; Amakonda kuyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwawo, kupewa zakudya zina, ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri ma calories. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za anorexia nervosa ndizo:

- Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anthu amsinkhu wofanana ndi kutalika.

- Kudya kochepa kwambiri.

- Khalidwe lolimbikira komanso kuopa kunenepa kuti asanenepe ngakhale osanenepa.

- Kuyesera kuchepetsa thupi kuti ukhale woonda, kukhala kutali ndi kuwonda kwa thanzi.

- Kuyika kulemera kwa thupi pamutu.

-Mawonekedwe olakwika a thupi, kuphatikiza kukana kukhala wonenepa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za kutengeka maganizo zimakhalanso nthawi zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amene ali ndi vuto la anorexia amakhala otanganidwa ndi zongoganizira za chakudya, ndipo ena amachitanso zinthu monyanyira monga maphikidwe kapena kusunga chakudya.

Anthu oterowo angakhalenso ndi vuto la kudya pagulu kapena m’malo odzaza anthu, ndipo angakhale ndi chikhumbo champhamvu cha kulamulira malo awo ndi kuchepetsa maluso awo akanthaŵi.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya anorexia - kudya mopanda malire komanso kudya mopambanitsa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu woletsa amachepa thupi chifukwa chongodya, kusala kudya, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Munthu amene amadya mopambanitsa ndi kudya mopambanitsa akhoza kudya zakudya zambiri kapena kudya pang’ono. Pazochitika zonsezi, amayeretsa matupi awo mwa kusanza akadya, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsekemera kapena okodzetsa, kapena kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Matenda a anorexia amatha kuvulaza thupi. Pakapita nthawi, zinthu monga kuwonda kwa mafupa, kusabereka, ndi kuthyoka kwa tsitsi ndi misomali zimatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe amakhala nawo.

Zikavuta kwambiri, zimatha kuyambitsa anorexia, mtima, ubongo kapena kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri ndi kufa. 

Bulimia Nervosa

bulimia nervosandi vuto linanso lodziwika la kadyedwe. Mofanana ndi anorexia, bulimia imakonda kukula paunyamata ndi uchikulire ndipo simapezeka kawirikawiri pakati pa amuna kusiyana ndi akazi. Anthu odwala bulimia amadya zakudya zambiri m'kanthawi kochepa.

Nthawi iliyonse yodya mopambanitsa nthawi zambiri imakhala mpaka itakhala yowawa. Komanso, munthu akamaledzera, nthawi zambiri amaona kuti sangathe kusiya kudya kapena kulamulira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chimene amadya. 

Kudya mopambanitsa kungaphatikizepo chakudya chamtundu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri ndi zakudya zomwe munthu sayenera kudya.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia ndiye amayesa kupanga zopatsa mphamvu zomwe amadyedwa ndikupeza mpumulo kumavuto am'mimba. Zochita zodziwika bwino zomwe zimatuluka m'thupi zimaphatikizapo kusanza mokakamiza, kusala kudya, mankhwala otsekemera, okodzetsa, ma enemas, ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Zizindikirozo zingawoneke ngati zofanana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa anorexia nervosa. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera kwambiri osati onenepa.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za bulimia nervosa ndi izi:

- Zochitika zobwerezabwereza za kudya mopambanitsa ndi kusadziletsa.

- Magawo obwerezabwereza a machitidwe osayenera otuluka kuti apewe kulemera.

- Nkhondo yodzimenya yomwe imakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe a thupi ndi kulemera kwake.

- Kuopa kunenepa ngakhale kulemera kwabwinobwino.

Zotsatira za bulimia ndi kutupa kwa zilonda zapakhosi, kutupa kwa salivary gland, kukokoloka kwa enamel ya dzino, kuwola kwa mano, reflux, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kutaya kwambiri madzi m'thupi ndi kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni.

Zikavuta kwambiri, bulimia imathanso kuyambitsa kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte amthupi monga sodium, potaziyamu, ndi calcium. Izi zingayambitse matenda a stroke kapena matenda a mtima.

Kusadya Mopambanitsa

Masiku ano, makamaka ku USA, ambiri matenda akudyaImaganiziridwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazo vuto la kudya mopambanitsa Nthawi zambiri zimayamba ali wachinyamata komanso akakula koma zimatha kukula m'tsogolo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi zomwe ali ndi bulimia kapena anorexia kudya kwambiri. 

Mwachitsanzo, kudya chakudya chochuluka mosadziwika bwino kwa nthawi yochepa pomwe mukulephera kudziletsa.

Komabe, mosiyana ndi matenda aŵiri a m’mbuyomo, anthu amene ali ndi vuto la kudya mopambanitsa sachepetsa ma calories kapena kuchita zinthu zonyansa monga kusanza kapena kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi mopambanitsa kuti apeze malipiro a kudya kwawo.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za vuto la kudya mopambanitsa ndi monga:

- Kudya chakudya chochuluka mwachangu mpaka m'mimba mutakhuta movutikira, ngakhale munthu samva njala.

- Kumamva kusadziletsa pakudya kwambiri.

- Kupsinjika maganizo, monga manyazi, kunyansidwa, kapena kudziimba mlandu, poganizira za kudya mopambanitsa.

- Osagwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe zotsuka monga kuletsa ma calorie, kusanza, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitilira muyeso, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta kapena okodzetsa kubweza kudya.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya mopambanitsa nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. Izi zitha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta zachipatala zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, monga matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2.

Pica Eating Disorder

Pika idatulutsidwa posachedwa ndi DSM. vuto la kudya Ndi mkhalidwe watsopano kotheratu. 

Anthu omwe ali ndi pica amadya zinthu zomwe sizili zakudya monga ayezi, dothi, dothi, choko, sopo, mapepala, tsitsi, nsalu, ubweya, miyala, zotsukira zovala.

Pica ikhoza kuchitika mwa akuluakulu komanso ana ndi achinyamata. Chifukwa chake, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana, amayi apakati, komanso anthu olumala.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya kwa pica akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chakupha, matenda, kuvulala m'matumbo, komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Kutengera ndi zinthu zomwe zimalowetsedwa, pica imatha kupha.

Rumination Disorder

Rumination disorder, yodziwika kumene vuto la kudyaImani. Ndi mmene munthu amakabweza chakudya chimene anatafuna n’kuchimeza, n’kumatafuna n’kuchimezanso.

Kuthamangitsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika mkati mwa mphindi 30 zoyambirira mutatha kudya ndipo ndi modzifunira.

Matendawa amatha kuchitika ali wakhanda, ali mwana, kapena akakula. Imayamba kukula mwa makanda pakati pa miyezi itatu ndi 12 ndipo imachoka yokha.

Ana ndi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amafuna chithandizo kuti athetse vutoli.

Ngati vutoli silinathetsedwe mwa makanda, lingayambitse arrhythmia, kuwonda komanso mavuto aakulu omwe angakhale akupha. kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupizingayambitse a.

Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amadya. Izi zingapangitse kuti achepetse thupi.

Kupewa / Kuletsa Kudya Kusokonezeka kwa Zakudya

Kupewa/kuletsedwa kudya matenda (ARFID) ndi dzina latsopano la matenda akale. M'malo mwake, imalowa m'malo mwa matenda omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale kwa ana osakwana zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, omwe amadziwika kuti "matenda odyetsa ubwana ndi ubwana."

ARFID nthawi zambiri imayamba ali wakhanda kapena ubwana, koma imatha kupitilira mpaka uchikulire. Ndilofalanso mwa amuna ndi akazi.

Anthu odwala matendawa amakana kudya chifukwa chosafuna kudya kapena sakonda fungo linalake, zokonda, mitundu, maonekedwe, kapena kutentha.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za ARFID ndi izi:

- Kupewa kapena kuletsa kudya komwe kumalepheretsa munthu kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi zokwanira.

-Zizolowezi zomwe zimakhudza momwe anthu amakhalira, monga kudya ndi ena.

- Kusakhazikika kwa msinkhu ndi kutalika.

- Kuperewera kwa michere kapena kudalira zowonjezera kapena kudyetsa machubu.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti ARFID imadutsa machitidwe osavuta akukula monga kudya mwachidwi kwa makanda ang'onoang'ono kapena kuchepetsa kudya kwa akuluakulu.

Matenda Ena Odyera

pamwamba pa zisanu ndi chimodzi ku vuto la kudya Kuphatikiza apo, osadziwika bwino kapena ocheperako matenda akudya ziliponso. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

vuto lochotsa

Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizolowezi zodziyeretsa monga kusanza, mankhwala otsekemera, okodzetsa, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti athetse kulemera kwawo kapena mawonekedwe awo.

usiku kudya syndrome

usiku kudya syndrome Anthu odwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amadya kwambiri akadzuka kutulo.

EDNOS

Kusadya bwinoZimaphatikizapo zinthu zina zomwe zingatheke zomwe zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana koma sizikugwirizana ndi magulu onse omwe ali pamwambawa.

Matenda amodzi omwe amagwera pansi pa EDNOS ndi orthorexia nervosa. Zotchulidwa mochulukira muzofalitsa ndi kafukufuku wasayansi, orthorexia nervosa ndi gulu lapadera lomwe limadziwika ndi DSM yamakono. vuto la kudya ayenera kudziwika ngati

Orthorexia nervosa Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisala amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudya bwino; Amatanganidwa ndi kudya kopatsa thanzi mpaka kumasokoneza moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Mwachitsanzo, wokhudzidwayo anganyalanyaze magulu onse a zakudya chifukwa choopa kudwala. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti mukhale ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m’thupi, kuwonda kwambiri, kuvutika kudya kunja kwa nyumba, ndiponso kuvutika maganizo.

Chithandizo cha Matenda Ovutika Kudya

Chifukwa cha zovuta komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika, matenda akudyaGulu lothandizira akatswiri lomwe limagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo

Mapulani a chithandizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri zomwe mwamuna kapena mkazi angakumane nazo pofuna kukonza thanzi lawo ndikukhala bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amakonzedwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa za munthu payekha.

Chithandizo cha vuto la kudyaNjira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:

Chisamaliro cha Zachipatala ndi Kuwunika

Chithandizo cha vuto la kudyankhawa kwambiri mu vuto la kudya kuti athetse vuto lililonse la thanzi lomwe lingakhale chifukwa cha khalidwe lawo.

Zakudya zabwino

Ziphatikizanso chitsogozo pakudya kwanthawi zonse komanso kuphatikiza kwadongosolo la chakudya chamunthu.

Chithandizo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya psychotherapy, monga payekha, banja, kapena gulu matenda akudyaZingathandize kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa.

Kuchiza ndi gawo la chithandizo chofunikira chifukwa chimapatsa munthu mwayi woti athe kuthana ndi kuchira komanso kuchira ku zochitika zowawa pamoyo panthawi yakuchira ndikuphunzira luso lothana ndi thanzi labwino komanso njira zofotokozera zakukhosi, kulankhulana komanso kukhala ndi ubale wabwino.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena ali vuto la kudyakusinthasintha maganizo kapena nkhawa Zitha kukhala zothandiza pochepetsa zizindikiro kapena kuchepetsa kudya kwambiri komanso kuyeretsa.

Chifukwa;

Kusokonezeka kwa kadyedwendi matenda a m'maganizo omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa zakuthupi ndi zamaganizo. Kusadya bwinoNgati muli naye kapena mukumudziwa munthu wotero, matenda akudya Funsani thandizo kuchokera kwa katswiri wazachipatala yemwe ndi katswiri