Electrolyte Imbalance yog dab tsi, Ua rau, Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?

Thaum cov qib electrolyte hauv peb lub cev siab dhau lossis qis dhau, electrolyte cuam tshuam los yog electrolyte imbalance tshwm sim. 

Electrolytes yog cov ntsiab lus thiab cov khoom sib txuas uas muaj nyob hauv lub cev. Lawv tswj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev.

Electrolytes hauv peb lub cev yog: 

- Calcium

- Cov tshuaj chloride

-Magnesium

- Phosphate

- Potassium

- Sodium

Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv peb cov ntshav, cov kua hauv lub cev thiab cov zis. Nws kuj tau noj nrog zaub mov, dej haus, thiab tshuaj ntxiv.

Electrolytes yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv qhov sib npaug kom lub cev ua haujlwm zoo. Txwv tsis pub, lub cev tseem ceeb yuav raug cuam tshuam. 

Kev tsis txaus electrolyte hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj xws li coma, qaug dab peg, thiab mob plawv.

Kev xuas hluav taws xob Yuav ua li cas yog hais tias? 

Electrolytes yog qee yam khoom noj (lossis tshuaj lom neeg) hauv peb lub cev uas muaj ntau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, los ntawm kev tswj lub plawv dhia mus rau cov leeg nqaij sib cog lus kom peb txav tau.

Cov electrolytes tseem ceeb hauv lub cev muaj xws li calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphate, thiab chloride.

Raws li cov as-ham tseem ceeb no pab txhawb cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev thiab sib npaug ntawm cov kua dej, electrolyte tsis txaus, tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam tsos mob hnyav, qee qhov ua rau tuag taus.

Thaum peb tau txais electrolytes los ntawm kev noj zaub mov txawv thiab haus cov kua dej, peb poob lawv ib feem los ntawm kev tawm dag zog, tawm hws, mus rau chav dej thiab tso zis.

Yog li no noj tsis txauskev tawm dag zog tsawg lossis ntau dhau thiab mob electrolyte imbalanceyog qee qhov ua tau.

Dab tsi yog Qhov Ua rau Electrolyte Imbalance?

Electrolytes muaj nyob hauv cov kua hauv lub cev, suav nrog cov zis, ntshav, thiab hws. Electrolytes yog li lub npe vim hais tias lawv cov lus muaj "hluav taws xob nqi." Thaum yaj hauv dej, lawv sib cais rau hauv qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo them ions.

Yog vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb yog vim li cas cov paj hlwb tshwm sim. Cov paj hlwb qhia ib leeg los ntawm kev sib pauv tshuaj lom neeg uas cuam tshuam nrog cov ions sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub hlwb.

Electrolyte tsis txausNws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam sib txawv, suav nrog kev mob luv luv, tshuaj noj, lub cev qhuav dej, thiab cov kab mob hauv qab. 

Electrolyte tsis txausQee qhov ua rau dandruff yog vim tsis muaj dej thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob, suav nrog:

Kev mob tshwm sim xws li ntuav, raws plab, tawm hws lossis kub taub hau, txhua yam tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej lossis lub cev qhuav dej.

- Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo uas tsis muaj cov as-ham tseem ceeb los ntawm cov khoom noj uas tsis tau ua tiav

- Nyuaj absorbing as-ham los ntawm cov zaub mov vim plab hnyuv los yog digestive teeb meem (absorption disorder)

- Hormonal imbalances thiab endocrine ntshawv siab

Noj qee yam tshuaj, suav nrog cov tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv, lossis kab mob hormonal

Noj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj diuretics hauv khw muag khoom lossis tshuaj noj, lossis tshuaj corticosteroid hormones

- Kab mob raum lossis kev puas tsuaj (raws li lub raum ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov tshuaj chloride hauv koj cov ntshav thiab "tawm" potassium, magnesium, thiab sodium)

- Kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav calcium thiab potassium qib thiab lwm yam tsis muaj electrolytesdab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau kev kho mob chemotherapy

Cov tsos mob ntawm Electrolyte Imbalance yog dab tsi?

Electrolyte tsis txausCov ntaub ntawv me me ntawm tus kab mob yuav tsis pom cov tsos mob. Cov kab mob zoo li no tuaj yeem kuaj tsis tau txog thaum lawv pom thaum kuaj ntshav niaj hnub. 

Cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim thaum ib qho teeb meem loj dua.

tag nrho cov electrolyte imbalances lawv tsis ua rau cov tsos mob zoo ib yam, tab sis muaj ntau tus neeg muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm electrolyte tsis txaus muaj xws li:

- lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem

- Lub plawv dhia ceev

- Kev nkees

- qaug zog

- Convulsions los yog qaug dab peg

- Ntshai

- ntuav

- Mob plab lossis cem quav

- Hluav taws

- Cov pob txha mob

- mob plab

- cov leeg tsis muaj zog

- mob leeg

- Kev chim siab

- kev puas siab puas ntsws

- Mob taub hau

- loog thiab tingling

Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no thiab electrolyte imbalance Yog tias koj xav tias koj yuav muaj nws, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tus mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej yog tias tsis kho.

Hom Electrolyte Imbalance

Cov qib siab ntawm electrolyte yog qhia tias "hyper". Depleted qib ntawm electrolyte yog qhia los ntawm "hypo".

Electrolyte imbalancesCov xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm:

calcium: hypercalcemia thiab hypocalcemia

chloride: hyperchloremia thiab hypochloremia

magnesium: hypermagnesemia thiab hypomagnesemia

phosphate: hyperphosphatemia lossis hypophosphatemia

poov tshuaj: hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia

sodium: hypernatremia thiab hyponatremia

calcium

Calcium yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov zaub mov vim lub cev siv nws los tswj cov ntshav siab thiab tswj cov leeg nqaij pob txha. Nws kuj yog siv los tsim cov pob txha thiab cov hniav.

hypercalcemiatxhais tau tias calcium ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim:

- Hyperparathyroidism

- Kab mob raum

- Cov kab mob thyroid

- mob ntsws xws li tuberculosis lossis sarcoidosis

Qee hom mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog mob ntsws thiab mob qog noj ntshav

- Kev siv tshuaj antacids thiab calcium lossis vitamin D ntxiv

- Cov tshuaj xws li lithium, theophylline

Hypocalcemia tsis txaus calcium hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov laj thawj yog:

- raum tsis ua hauj lwm

- Hypoparathyroidism

- tsis muaj vitamin D

- mob pancreatitis

- mob qog noj ntshav prostate

- Malabsorption

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog heparin, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob 

Chloride

Chloride yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kua hauv lub cev.

Thaum muaj chloride ntau dhau hauv lub cev hyperchloremia tshwm sim. Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog:

- lub cev qhuav dej hnyav

- raum tsis ua hauj lwm

- Dialysis

Hypochloremia tshwm sim thaum muaj cov tshuaj chloride tsawg dhau hauv lub cev. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj teeb meem sodium lossis potassium raws li tau teev tseg hauv qab no. Lwm yam laj thawj yuav muaj xws li:

- Cystic fibrosis

Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo xws li anorexia

- Scorpion stings

- Mob raum puas

magnesium

magnesiumyog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxhia uas tswj tau ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li:

- leeg nqaij contraction

- lub plawv dhia

- Nerve ua haujlwm

Hypermagnesemia txhais tau hais tias ntau dhau ntawm magnesium. Qhov no yog ib yam kab mob uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg muaj tus kab mob Addison thiab kab mob raum kawg.

Hypomagnesemia txhais tau hais tias muaj magnesium tsawg hauv lub cev. Feem ntau ua rau muaj xws li:

- Kev siv dej cawv tsis zoo

- Tsis txaus noj

- Malabsorption

- Mob raws plab

– Tshaj tawm hws

- mob plawv

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog qee cov tshuaj diuretics thiab tshuaj tua kab mob

poov tshuaj

Potassium tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj lub plawv ua haujlwm. Nws kuj pab tswj cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg noj qab haus huv.

Vim muaj ntau cov poov tshuaj hyperkalemia tuaj yeem txhim kho. Cov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus yog tias tsis kho thiab tsis kho. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm:

- lub cev qhuav dej hnyav

- raum tsis ua hauj lwm

Mob hnyav acidosis, nrog rau mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog qee cov tshuaj ntshav siab thiab diuretics

- Adrenal insufficiency, thaum koj qib cortisol qis dhau

Thaum cov poov tshuaj tsawg dhau lawm hypokalemia tshwm sim. Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm:

- Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo

- ntuav hnyav lossis raws plab

- lub cev qhuav dej

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog laxatives, diuretics, thiab corticosteroids 

sodium

hauv lub cev dej electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li castiv thaiv dab tsi sodium qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Nws kuj pab tswj cov hlab ntsha ua haujlwm thiab cov leeg nqaij.

Hypernatremia tshwm sim thaum muaj sodium ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov txawv txav ntawm sodium ntau ntau:

- Kev siv dej tsis txaus

- lub cev qhuav dej hnyav

ntuav ntuav, raws plab, tawm hws los yog poob dej ntau dhau ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev mob ua pa

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog corticosteroids

Hyponatremia tshwm sim thaum muaj sodium tsawg dhau. Feem ntau ua rau cov qib sodium tsawg muaj xws li:

- Kev poob dej ntau dhau ntawm daim tawv nqaij vim tawm hws lossis kub hnyiab

- ntuav lossis raws plab

- Tsis txaus noj

- Kev siv dej cawv tsis zoo

- Kev haus dej ntau dhau

- Cov thyroid, hypothalamic lossis adrenal teeb meem

- Lub siab, lub plawv lossis lub raum tsis ua haujlwm

Qee cov tshuaj, suav nrog diuretics thiab tshuaj qaug dab peg

- Syndrome ntawm tsis tsim nyog tso tawm ntawm antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

phosphate

Lub raum, pob txha thiab cov hnyuv ua haujlwm kom sib npaug ntawm cov phosphate hauv lub cev. Phosphate yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam haujlwm thiab cuam tshuam nrog calcium.

Hyperphosphatemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim:

- Cov qib calcium tsawg

- Mob raum mob

- Ua tsis taus pa hnyav

- Tsawg dua cov qog parathyroid

- Cov leeg mob hnyav

- Tumor lysis syndrome, tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav

Kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj phosphate

Tsawg phosphate lossis hypophosphatemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:

- Kev haus cawv ntau heev

- Mob hnyav heev

– tshaib plab

- tsis muaj vitamin D

- Cov kab mob parathyroid overactive

- Kev siv qee yam tshuaj xws li tshuaj tua kab mob (IV) hlau, niacin thiab qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Diagnosing Electrolyte Imbalance

Kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim tuaj yeem ntsuas cov qib electrolyte hauv peb lub cev. Kev kuaj ntshav uas saib lub raum ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev.

Tus kws kho mob yuav xav mus kuaj lub cev lossis electrolyte imbalancetuaj yeem xaj cov kev xeem ntxiv kom paub meej txog qhov Cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv no yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv nqe lus nug.

Piv txwv li, hypernatremia tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm elasticity ntawm daim tawv nqaij vim lub cev qhuav dej hnyav. 

Tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov ntsuas kov los txiav txim seb lub cev qhuav dej puas cuam tshuam rau koj. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj koj qhov kev xav tau vim tias ob qho tib si nce thiab txo qis ntawm cov electrolytes tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau reflexes.

Ib qho electrocardiogram (ECG), uas txhais tau hais tias kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv, kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tau rau kev kuaj xyuas lub plawv dhia tsis zoo, lub suab, lossis EKG hloov pauv uas tshwm sim nrog cov teeb meem electrolyte.

Risk Factors rau Electrolyte Imbalance

Txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim qhov tsis txaus ntawm electrolyte. Qee tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua vim lawv keeb kwm kho mob. Cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm electrolyte imbalance muaj xws li:

- Kev siv dej cawv tsis zoo

– Cirrhosis

- Congestive plawv tsis ua hauj lwm

- Kab mob raum

Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo xws li anorexia thiab bulimia

- Kev raug mob, xws li kub hnyiab hnyav lossis pob txha tawg

- Cov thyroid thiab parathyroid teeb meem

- Cov kab mob qog adrenal

Yuav Ua Li Cas Tshem Tawm Electrolyte Loss Hauv Lub Cev?

Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev noj haus

ib tug electrolyte imbalanceThawj kauj ruam ntawm kev kho qhov teeb meem yog kom nkag siab tias nws tsim nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Feem ntau, me me electrolyte imbalanceQhov no tuaj yeem raug kho los ntawm kev hloov pauv kev noj haus thiab txiav rov qab rau cov zaub mov tsis zoo, khoom noj khoom haus thiab khoom noj hauv tsev noj mov, es tsis txhob noj zaub mov tshiab hauv tsev.

Saib xyuas koj cov tshuaj sodium

Thaum koj noj cov zaub mov ntim los yog ua tiav, xyuas cov qib sodium. Sodium yog ib qho electrolyte uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev muaj peev xwm khaws lossis tso dej, yog li yog tias cov khoom noj uas koj noj muaj sodium ntau dhau, cov dej ntau dhau los ntawm ob lub raum thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog kev sib npaug ntawm lwm cov electrolytes.

Haus dej kom txaus (tsis ntau)

Thaum cov dej hauv peb lub cev hloov pauv electrolyte imbalance Tej zaum yuav tsim, ua rau lub cev qhuav dej (tsis muaj dej txaus piv rau qee cov electrolytes siab) lossis overhydration (dej ntau dhau). 

Kev haus dej kom txaus yam tsis muaj dej ntau dhau ntawm lub hlwb yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj sodium thiab potassium ntau dhau los yog qis dhau.

Xyuas koj cov tshuaj

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob, diuretics, tshuaj hormonal, tshuaj ntshav siab, thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qib electrolyte.

Electrolyte tsis txausCov hom mob hnyav tshaj plaws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav tau txais tshuaj kho mob. Nws cov tsos mob tuaj yeem loj heev yog tias tsis tswj xyuas kom zoo thiab suav nrog cov ntshav calcium ntau lossis lwm yam tsis sib xws uas tshwm sim thaum cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tuag.

Yog tias koj tau pib noj tshuaj tshiab lossis ntxiv thiab pom tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub siab, lub zog, lub plawv dhia thiab pw tsaug zog. electrolyte imbalance Nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham kom txo tau qhov txaus ntshai.

Roj tom qab kev tawm dag zog

Cov kua dej thiab electrolytes (feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sodium ntxiv) feem ntau noj los ntawm cov neeg ncaws pob thaum lub sij hawm los yog tom qab kev cob qhia. 

Replenishing electrolytes tau yog ib qho kev pom zoo rau ntau xyoo, thiab qhov no yog vim li cas cov dej haus ua kis las thiab cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig tau nyiam nrog cov neeg nquag heev. 

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom haus dej kom txaus ua ntej, thaum, thiab tom qab kev tawm dag zog kom koj muaj dej txaus, thiab yog tias koj tawm dag zog ntev, kev rov ua kom koj lub khw muag khoom electrolyte yog qhov tseem ceeb vim qee cov electrolytes (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sodium) poob thaum koj tawm hws.

Txhawm rau them nyiaj poob dej thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm dej ntxiv, koj yuav tsum haus li 1,5 mus rau 2,5 khob rau kev ua haujlwm luv luv thiab txog peb lub khob ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm ntev dua ib teev. 

Thaum lub cev tsis muaj dej txaus, lub cev qhuav dej thiab qhov tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv (hloov lub plawv dhia), cov leeg nqaij, qaug zog, kiv taub hau thiab tsis meej pem.

Qhov no tsis tsuas yog ua phem rau tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm aerobic, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog lossis, qee zaum, teeb meem loj xws li mob plawv.

Ua kom tiav qhov tsis txaus

Vim tias muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces, lossis cov mob uas twb muaj lawm, qee cov neeg tuaj yeem ua tsis taus nyob rau qee yam electrolytes. 

Magnesium thiab potassium yog ob lub electrolytes uas cov neeg feem coob tsis tshua muaj. Kev noj cov tshuaj magnesium txhua hnub tuaj yeem pab ntxiv cov khw muag khoom noj thiab tiv thaiv magnesium deficiency, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov tsos mob xws li kev ntxhov siab, teeb meem pw tsaug zog lossis mob leeg.

Yuav tiv thaiv Electrolyte Imbalance li cas?

ib tug electrolyte imbalanceMus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias koj tab tom ntsib cov tsos mob tshwm sim

Yog tias qhov tsis txaus ntawm electrolyte yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lossis ib qho laj thawj, tus kws kho mob yuav kho koj cov tshuaj thiab kho qhov ua rau. Qhov no yog yav tom ntej electrolyte imbalanceNws kuj yuav pab tiv thaiv

Yog tias koj ntuav ntuav, raws plab lossis tawm hws, nco ntsoov haus dej.

Electrolyte imbalance yog qhov txaus ntshai. Koj puas nyob thiab?