Ziyini Izibulala-zinambuzane, Iyini Imithelela yazo? Izinhlobo Nezingozi

ekudleni izibulala-zinambuzane Kusenza sikhathazeke kakhulu nsuku zonke.

zinambuzaneIsetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukulimala kwezitshalo yizidalwa ezincane ezifana nokhula, amagundane, izinambuzane. Lokhu kwandisa isivuno sezitshalo ezifana nezithelo nemifino.

Kepha isibulala-zinambuzane Izinsalela zayo zaziwa ngokunamathela phezu kwezithelo nemifino. Kuyamangaza futhi ukuthi lezi zinsalela ziyayithinta yini impilo yabantu. 

esihlokweni izibulala-zinambuzane nalabo abafisa ukwazi ngemiphumela yabo kwezempilo bazochazwa.

Ziyini Izibulala-zinambuzane?

ngomqondo obanzi izibulala-zinambuzanezingamakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukulawula noma iyiphi into ephilayo engahlasela noma yonakalise izitshalo, izitolo zokudla, noma amakhaya.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezibulala-zinambuzane, njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zingase zibe yingozi. Ngezansi kukhona izibonelo:

izibulala-zinambuzane

Kunciphisa ukucekelwa phansi kanye nokungcoliswa kwezitshalo ezikhulayo nezivunwa izinambuzane namaqanda azo.

ukhula

Baziwa nangokuthi ababulali bokhula, bakhulisa isivuno sesivuno.

rodenticides

Kubalulekile ukulawula ukucekelwa phansi kanye nokungcoliswa kwezilimo yizilokazane kanye nezifo ezithwalwa ngamagundane.

Ama-fungicides

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela izitshalo ezivuniwe kanye nembewu ekuboleni kwefungal.

Ideal isibulala-zinambuzaneizobhubhisa izinambuzane ezihlosiwe ngaphandle kokubangela noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kubantu, kwezinye izitshalo ezizungezile, izilwane kanye nemvelo.

esetshenziswa kakhulu izibulala-zinambuzane lokhu kuseduze nezinga elifanele. Kodwa aziphelele, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kunemiphumela yezempilo nemvelo.

Izinhlobo zezibulala-zinambuzane

zinambuzane Zingaba zokwenziwa, okungukuthi, zikhiqizwa ezindaweni zokucwaninga zezimboni noma ngokwemvelo.

Izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo noma izibulala-zinambuzane zingamakhemikhali emvelo kodwa zingakhiqizwa kabusha ezindaweni zokucwaninga ukuze zisetshenziswe ekulimeni okuphilayo.

Izibulala-zinambuzane Zokwenziwa

izibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwaIdizayinelwe ukuthi izinzile, ibe nempilo enhle yeshelufu futhi kube lula ukuyisabalalisa.

Iphinde yakhelwe ukuthi isebenze ngempumelelo ekuqondiseni izinambuzane futhi ibe nobuthi obuncane ezilwaneni ezingahlosiwe kanye nemvelo.

i-synthetic pesticide amakilasi afaka:

Ama-Organophosphates

Ama-insecticides aqondisa isimiso sezinzwa. Okumbalwa kuvinjelwe noma kukhawulelwe ngenxa yokuchayeka ngengozi okunobuthi.

ama-carbamates

Izibulala-zinambuzane ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa ngokufanayo nama-organophosphates, kodwa azinobuthi obuncane njengoba imiphumela yazo iguga ngokushesha.

ama-pyrethroids

Kuphinde kuthinte isimiso sezinzwa. Kuyinguqulo eyenziwe elebhu yesibulala-zinambuzane semvelo esitholakala kuma-chrysanthemums.

Izidakamizwa ze-Organochlorine

Lezi, okuhlanganisa i-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), zivinjelwe kakhulu noma zikhawulelwe ngenxa yomthelela wazo omubi endaweni ezungezile.

ama-neonicotinoids

Izibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenziswa emaqabunga nasezihlahleni. 

i-glyphosate

Waziwa njengesitshalo esibizwa nge-Roundup, lo muthi wokubulala ukhula usubalulekile ekutshaleni izitshalo eziguqulwe ngofuzo.

I-Organic noma i-Biopesticides

Ukulima okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayoezimila ezitshalweni ama-biopesticideskusuka noma okwenzeka ngokwemvelo isibulala-zinambuzane sebenzisa amakhemikhali.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ongazifingqa lapha. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezibulala-zinambuzane ezibalulekile eziphilayo:

i-rotenone

Isibulala-zinambuzane esisetshenziswa ngokuhlangana nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo. Ikhiqizwa ngokwemvelo izitshalo eziningi zasezindaweni ezishisayo njengendlela yokuvimbela izinambuzane futhi inobuthi kakhulu ezinhlanzini.

I-sulphate yethusi

Ibhubhisa isikhunta nokhula oluthile. i-biopesticide Nakuba uhlukaniswa njengomkhiqizo wezimboni, ukhiqizwa ezimbonini futhi ungaba ubuthi kubantu kanye nemvelo emazingeni aphezulu.

amafutha e-horticultural

Ibhekisela ekukhishweni kwamafutha ezitshalweni ezihlukahlukene ezinomphumela we-insecticidal. Lezi zehluka ngezithako zazo kanye nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona. Ezinye zingalimaza izinambuzane eziwusizo njengezinyosi.

Ubuthi be-Bt

Ubuthi be-Bt, obukhiqizwa amagciwane futhi busebenza ngempumelelo ngokumelene nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, bufakwe kweminye imikhiqizo yezakhi zofuzo (GMO).

Lolu hlu aluphelele, kodwa lubonisa imiqondo emibili ebalulekile.

Okokuqala, “i-organic” ayisho “i-pesticide-free”. Kunalokho, kuwuhlobo olukhethekile olwenzeka emvelweni futhi lusetshenziswa esikhundleni sezibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwa. izibulala-zinambuzane iveza

Okwesibili, “imvelo” ayisho “okungeyona ubuthi”. Izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo kungase futhi kube yingozi empilweni nasendaweni ezungezile.

Ubuthi Bezibulala-zinambuzane

zinambuzane ingaba yingozi kubantu kodwa isibulala-zinambuzaneUmsebenzi we-in unquma ukuthi ziyingozi kangakanani.

Umphumela futhi isibulala-zinambuzaneKungase futhi kuncike emalini nasekugxilweni kwayo Kungase futhi kube nemiphumela ehlukene kuye ngokuthi umuntu uyangena esikhumbeni sakhe, uyasigwinya, noma uyasihogela.

ukuchayeka kwesibulala-zinambuzaneAlukho ucwaningo oluningi ngezingozi zezempilo zesikhathi eside ezingaba khona Kodwa-ke, i-World Health Organization (WHO) iphakamisa ukuthi ukuthintana nenani elikhulu lezibulala-zinambuzane kungaphazamisa ukuzala futhi kungase kubangele umdlavuza.

Ngokusho kwe-WHO, ama-insecticide ngokuvamile anobuthi obukhulu kubantu kunama-herbicides.

Ngobuningi a isibulala-zinambuzaneUkuchayeka kungabangela ubuthi. Izimpawu zobuthi zingase zivele ngokushesha noma ngemva kwamahora ambalwa.

Ezinye izimpawu zobuthi obuncane yilezi:

- Ikhanda elibuhlungu

– isiyezi

- Isicanucanu

- Uhudo

- isifo sokuqwasha

- Ukucasuka komphimbo, amehlo, isikhumba noma ikhala

Izimpawu zobuthi obumaphakathi zimi kanje:

– ukubona lufifi

- Ukufiphala kokwazi, ukudideka

– ukuhlanza

- Ukuncipha komphimbo

- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo

Ezinye izimpawu zobuthi obunzima yilezi:

– Ukusha kwamakhemikhali

– ukuquleka

– ukungakwazi ukuphefumula

– Iphlegm eyeqile emgudwini wokuphefumula

Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe izinsalela eziningi zezibulala-zinambuzane?

Okuphakeme kakhulu Izibulala-zinambuzaneYiziphi izithelo nemifino enakho:

- Spinach

- Ijikijolo

- Nectarine

- Iklabishi

- Amagilebhisi

- I-apula

- Okusamathunduluka

- Ipentshisi

- Utamatisi

- Ipheya

- Amazambane

- Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi

Le mikhiqizo iqukethe inani eliphezulu lezibulala-zinambuzane kunezinye izithelo nemifino. Izithelo nemifino enezibulala-zinambuzane eziphansi yilezi:

- Umbila

- ukwatapheya

– uphizi oqandisiwe

- Uphayinaphu

- I-Papaya

- U-anyanini

- I-asparagus

- I-Aubergine

- Iklabishi

- Ikiwi

- I-Melon

- Ukholifulawa

- Amakhowe

– Ikhabe elimnandi nelimanzi

– Brukholi

Iyini Imithelela Yezempilo Yokuchayeka Okuphezulu Kwezibulala-zinambuzane?

zinambuzanekungabangela imiphumela emibi yesikhathi esifushane yezempilo, ebizwa ngemiphumela ebuhlungu, kanye nemiphumela emibi engapheli engenzeka izinyanga noma iminyaka ngemva kokuchayeka. 

Izibonelo zemiphumela eyingozi empilweni zihlanganisa amehlo abomvu, amabhamuza, ubumpumputhe, isicanucanu, isiyezi, isifo sohudo nokufa. 

Izibonelo zemiphumela engapheli eyaziwayo umdlavuza, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukulimala kokuzala, ubuthi bemizwa nokuthuthuka, i-immunotoxicity, nokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine.

Abanye abantu isibulala-zinambuzane zisengozini kakhulu emiphumeleni yako kunabanye. Ngokwesibonelo, izinsana nezingane ezincane isibulala-zinambuzaneKuyaziwa ukuthi azwela kakhulu emiphumeleni enobuthi yezidakamizwa kunabantu abadala. 

abasebenzi basemapulazini kanye izibulala-zinambuzane basengozini kakhulu ngoba bavezwa kakhulu.

Ingabe Ukudla Okuphilayo Kunezibulala-zinambuzane Ezincane?

Imikhiqizo ye-organic inamazinga aphansi ezibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwa. Lokhu kuphansi emzimbeni i-synthetic pesticide iphenduka ibe amazinga.

Ucwaningo lwabantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-4.400 lubonise ukuthi labo ababike ukusetshenziswa okungenani okusesilinganisweni kwemikhiqizo ye-organic babe namazinga aphansi ezibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwa emchameni wabo.

Nokho, imikhiqizo ye-organic inamazinga aphezulu i-biopesticide Iqukethe. Izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayoKukhona nemiphumela yemvelo, okuthi kwezinye izimo ibe mibi kunezinye izindlela zokwenziwa.

Ingabe Kufanele Ngiqhelelane Nokudla Okusetshenziswa Izibulala-zinambuzane?

Kunobufakazi obukhulu besayensi bokuthi ukudla izithelo nemifino kunezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo.

Lokhu kusebenza kungakhathalekile ukuthi umkhiqizo ungowemvelo noma ukhule ngokwejwayelekile futhi uguqulwe ngofuzo.

Abanye abantu bahlushwa ukukhathazeka kwemvelo noma kwezempilo emsebenzini. izibulala-zinambuzaneangase akhethe ukugwema. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi i-organic akusho ukungabi namagciwane.

Ungawasusa kanjani ama-pesticides afana nezibulala-zinambuzane ekudleni?

Thatha izithelo nemifino engcolile endishini bese ufaka amanzi anele kuwo. Faka uviniga emanzini esitsheni bese ushiya isitsha sime imizuzu engu-15.

Ngemuva kwalokho, yisuse esitsheni bese uhlanza amajikijolo ngamanzi. Uviniga, ama-insecticides kanye izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzaneKuyasiza ukususa amaphesenti angama-98 esithelo.

Yona, izibulala-zinambuzaneKuyindlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokususa i-linseed ezithelweni nemifino.

zinambuzane, Kuyinkinga okuzanywa ukuthi ivinjwe kodwa iyakhula. Ucabangani ngakho?