Yiziphi Izingozi zePlastiki? Kungani Kungafanele Usebenzise Izinto Zepulasitiki?

izinto zepulasitiki Sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu. Ukusuka ekugcineni ukudla kuya ezintweni zokugeza; Kusukela ezikhwameni zepulasitiki kuya emabhodleleni amanzi, siphila sincike ngokuphelele epulasitiki.

Ipulasitiki; Kube negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto zikagesi ezinjengamakhompyutha nomakhalekhukhwini. Kodwa ekudleni usebenzisa ipulasitiki akuwona umqondo omuhle kangako. 

Uyabuza ukuthi kungani? Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, sizoqonda kangcono ukuthi ipulasitiki ilimaza ukuphila kwethu ngaphezu kwalokho esikucabangayo. 

Yini ipulasitiki?

Ipulasitiki iyizinto eziyisisekelo zomhlaba wethu wanamuhla. Izinto ezifana ne-Bisphenol A (BPA), i-thalates, i-antiminitroxide, i-brominated flame retardants, amakhemikhali e-polyfluorinated kokuqukethwe kwawo abeka ingozi enkulu emvelweni nempilo yabantu. Kudala ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okukhulu njengokungcoliswa komhlabathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukunukubezeka komoya. 

Yenziwa kanjani ipulasitiki?

Ipulasitiki yenziwe ngemikhiqizo yemvelo efana namalahle, igesi yemvelo, i-cellulose, usawoti kanye nowoyela ongahluziwe owenza inqubo ebizwa nge-polymerization phambi kwama-catalysts. Izinhlanganisela eziwumphumela, ezibizwa ngama-polymers, ziphinde zicutshungulwe ngezithasiselo zokwenza amapulasitiki. 

Izinhlobo zamapulasitiki asetshenziswa ekudleni naseziphuzweni

Nazi izinhlobo zepulasitiki ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina ukudla: 

• I-Polyethylene terephthalate; Isetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhodlela epulasitiki, amabhodlela okugqoka isaladi nezimbiza zepulasitiki.
• I-polyethylene enezinga eliphezulu esetshenziswa emaphaketheni obisi, i-polyethylene enezinga eliphansi esetshenziswa ezikhwameni zepulasitiki kanye nokupakishwa kwepulasitiki.
• I-polypropylene esetshenziswa ezinkomishini ze-yogurt, izikepisi zamabhodlela kanye notshani.
• I-Polystyrene esetshenziswa ezitsheni zokudla, amapuleti alahlwayo, ukupakisha ukudla kanye nemishini yokuthengisa.
• I-Polystyrene esetshenziswa emabhodleleni amanzi, izitsha zokugcina ukudla, iziqukathi zeziphuzo kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezincane. 

Kungani ipulasitiki iyingozi?

Cishe amakhemikhali angama-5-30 ahlukene asetshenziswa ocezwini olulodwa lwepulasitiki. Amabhodlela ezingane enziwa ngezingxenye eziningi zepulasitiki eziqukethe amakhemikhali ayikhulu noma ngaphezulu. Kulungile Kungani ipulasitiki iyingozi? Nazi izizathu...

Amakhemikhali epulasitiki abangela ukukhuluphala

• Ipulasitiki isebenza njenge-estrogen emzimbeni womuntu futhi ibophezela kuma-estrogen receptors emzimbeni. I-Bisphenol A (BPA) kuhlanganisa. Le nhlanganisela iphazamisa ibhalansi yomzimba, yandisa ukumelana ne-insulin futhi ibangele ukukhuluphala.
• Ucwaningo olushicilelwe lubonise ukuthi ukuchayeka kwe-BPA kwandisa inani lamaseli amafutha emzimbeni. 

Izinhlanganisela eziyingozi zingena ekudleni

• Amakhemikhali anobuthi aphuma epulasitikini futhi atholakala cishe kithi sonke egazini nasezicutshini zethu. 
• Lapho ipulasitiki ihlangana namahomoni e-estrogen emzimbeni, Isifo senhliziyoYandisa ingozi yezifo ezehlukene ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, umdlavuza, ukungasebenzi kahle kwegilo, ukukhubazeka kwesitho sangasese nokunye. 

Idala izinkinga zokuzala nezokuzala

• I-Phthalate iyikhemikhali eyingozi esetshenziselwa ukwenza amapulasitiki athambe futhi aguquguquke. Itholakala ezitsheni zokudla, emikhiqizweni yobuhle, amathoyizi, opende, namakhethini okugeza.
• Le khemikhali enobuthi inomphumela omubi ekuvikelekeni komzimba futhi iphazamisa amahomoni athinta ngokuqondile ukuzala.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-BPA ingabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu futhi yenze kube nzima ngabesifazane ukukhulelwa.
• Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ubuthi obutholakala kupulasitiki bungabangela izinkinga zokuzalwa nezinkinga zokukhula kwezingane.

Ipulasitiki ayisoze yanyamalala

• Ipulasitiki iyimpahla ezohlala phakade.
• Amaphesenti angama-33 awo wonke amapulasitiki - amabhodlela amanzi, izikhwama kanye notshani - asetshenziswa kanye nje alahlwe.
• Ipulasitiki ayiboli; ihlephula ibe yizicucu ezincane.

Ipulasitiki yehlisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba

• Amakhemikhali anobuthi aphuma kumapulasitiki angena emanzini angaphansi komhlaba bese egelezela emachibini nasemifuleni.
• Ipulasitiki nayo isongela izilwane zasendle. Ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude kakhulu zomhlaba, udoti wepulasitiki ungatholakala.

kuphazamisa iketango lokudla

• Ngisho ne-plankton, izidalwa ezincane kunazo zonke olwandle lwethu microplasticsIdla i-i futhi imunca amakhemikhali abo ayingozi. 
• Izingcezu zepulasitiki ezincane eziphahlazekile zithatha indawo yolwelwe oludingekayo ukuze kuqhubeke izilwane zasolwandle ezinkulu eziphila kuzo.

Indlela yokunciphisa imiphumela eyingozi yamapulasitiki?

Kusobala ukuthi amapulasitiki ayingozi kangakanani empilweni yomuntu. Nakuba ukuhlanza amapulasitiki eplanethi yethu kuyinselele kancane, kufanele sikususe ngokusemandleni ethu ezimpilweni zethu. 

Kanjani? Nakhu ongakwenza ngakho...

• Esikhundleni sokuthenga izikhwama zepulasitiki, sebenzisa isikhwama sokuthenga indwangu.
• Ungabeki izitsha zepulasitiki elangeni ukuze uvimbele amakhemikhali ukuthi angavuzi.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa iziqukathi zokudla neziphuzo zepulasitiki futhi usebenzise ezinye izinto ezilungele imvelo esikhundleni sepulasitiki.
• Shintsha amabhodlela epulasitiki ngamabhodlela engilazi.