Guillain-Barré syndromeis a rare serious condition in which the immune system attacks healthy nerve cells in the nervous system.autoimmune disordertype. It occurs in one in 100.000 people.
Autoimmune disease causes the immune system to attack and destroy certain groups of healthy cells. in Guillain-Barré syndrome, peripheral nerves attack the myelin sheaths.
Myelin sheaths cover the axons of the nerves. Myelin helps nerve cells transmit their messages. In some cases Guillain-Barré syndromeIt also attacks the axons themselves.
This prevents the nerves from sending certain information, such as the sense of touch, to the spinal cord and brain. This causes a feeling of drowsiness. The brain and spinal cord also fail to transmit signals back to the body, leading to muscle weakness. It can go as far as stroke.
Guillain-Barré syndromethe cause is unknown. It is triggered by an infectious disease such as irritation of the stomach and intestines or a lung infection.
There is no cure for the condition either. Treatment for the disease helps to reduce the severity of symptoms and shorten the duration of the disease.
Guillain BarresyndromeMortality from it ranges from 4% to 7%. Patients may experience fatigue, drowsiness or fatigue experience permanent effects.
What are the symptoms of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
The first sign of Guillain-Barré syndrome It is a tingling sensation in the toes, feet and legs. The tingling radiates upwards to the arms and fingers.
Symptoms progress very quickly. In some people, the disease becomes serious in just a few hours. Guillain-Barré syndromeOther symptoms of it are:
muscle weakness that travels from the legs to the upper body and worsens over time
Constant walking difficulty
Difficulty moving eyes and face, speaking, chewing, or swallowing
severe back pain
loss of bladder control
fast heartbeat
Difficulty breathing
Paralysis
What are the causes of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Guillain-Barré syndromeThe exact cause is unknown. with Guillain-Barré syndrome about two-thirds of people diarrhea or develops the disease soon after having a respiratory infection.
So Guillain-Barré syndrome triggered by an inappropriate immune response to the previous disease.
What are the risk factors for Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Guillain-Barré syndrome affects all age groups. The risk increases as you get older. It is more common in men than women. The risks that cause the disease are as follows
Campylobacter infection, a type of bacteria found in undercooked poultry
Flu virus
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein Barr Virus
Zika virus
Hepatitis A, B, C and E
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS
mycoplasma pneumonia
Operation
Trauma
Hodgkin lymphoma
Rarely flu shots or childhood vaccines
COVID-19
Adults over 50 are more at risk.
How is Guillain-Barré syndrome treated?
Guillain-Barré syndrome Anyone who has it is admitted to the hospital for close observation. Symptoms can worsen rapidly and are fatal if left untreated.
in severe cases with Guillain-Barré syndrome People can develop whole body paralysis. The condition is life-threatening if the paralysis affects the diaphragm or chest muscles, preventing proper breathing.
The goal of treatment is to reduce the severity of the immune attack and support bodily functions such as lung function while the nervous system recovers.
Treatments include plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
What are the complications of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Guillain-Barré syndromeThe weakness and paralysis that occur in the body affect many parts of the body.
When the paralysis spreads to the muscles that control breathing, there is difficulty breathing. In such a situation, a respirator is needed to assist breathing.
Other side effects that may occur as a result of the disease are as follows:
Persistent weakness, lethargy, even after recovery
heart or blood pressure problems
Pain
slow bowel or bladder function
Formation of blood clots and bedsores due to stroke
Guillain-Barré syndromeThe recovery time is long, but most patients recover.
In general, symptoms get progressively worse over 2 to 4 weeks. Recovery takes from a few weeks to several years after this time frame. Most people recover in 6 to 12 months. For some, recovery takes longer.
Guillain-Barré syndromeAbout 30 percent of people affected by shingles still experience some fatigue after 3 years.
