Kodi Macular Degeneration ndi Chiyani, Chifukwa Chiyani Imachitika? Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Kuwonongeka kwa macular, aka kuwonongeka kwa macular, Ndi matenda omwe amakhudza pafupifupi 8.7% ya anthu padziko lapansi. Ndiwo omwe amayambitsa khungu pakati pa achikulire omwe ali m'maiko otukuka.

Kodi Macular Degeneration Amatanthauza Chiyani?

Macular degeneration (AMD)ndi matenda omwe amakhudza retina - maselo osamva kuwala kumbuyo kwa diso. Zimakhudza masomphenya apakati a munthu.

Zotsatira zake, zithunzi zomwe zidali zowonekeratu zimayamba kuzimiririka. Ena amathanso kuona mawanga akuda omwe amakula kwambiri. Ngakhale kusapeza kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchita zinthu zina, kutayika kwathunthu kwa maso kumakhala kochepa.

kuchepa kwa macular okhudzana ndi zaka Nthawi zambiri imakhudza achikulire ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khungu pang'ono mwa anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitilira apo.

Kwenikweni pali mitundu iwiri:

Mitundu ya Macular Degeneration

Matendawa amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri - youma macular alibe ndi chonyowa macular alibe.

Dry Macular Degeneration

Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo palibe mankhwala. Komabe, munthuyo angayesetse kupirira. youma macular alibeamawerengera 85-90% ya milandu.

Wet Macular Degeneration

Imadziwikanso kuti neovascular AMD ndipo nthawi zambiri imachitika pamene maselo atsopano amagazi amapanga pansi pa macula. Kukula kumeneku kungayambitse magazi ndi madzimadzi kutuluka pansi pa macula.

AMD yonyowa imakhala ndi zotsatira zowopsa kuposa AMD yowuma chifukwa imathanso kuwononga kwambiri masomphenya. Zizindikiro zikayamba kuwoneka, chithandizo chamsanga chimafunika kuti tipewe zovuta.

Magawo a Macular Degeneration

kwenikweni kuchepa kwa macular okhudzana ndi zakaIli ndi magawo atatu:

AMD woyamba

Anthu ambiri sawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro kwa AMD. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyezetsa maso nthawi zonse ndikofunikira, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa. Kukhalapo kwa drusen yachikasu, yapakatikati yoyikidwa pansi pa retina kumatsimikizira AMD yoyambirira.

AMD yapakati

Kutaya masomphenya kwina kungachitike panthawiyi, koma pangakhalebe zizindikiro zoonekeratu. Anthu ena amatha kuona malo osawoneka bwino pakati pa diso. Imazindikiridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa drusen imodzi kapena zingapo zazikulu.

AMD yomaliza

Mkhalidwewo ukafika pamlingo uwu, kutayika kwa masomphenya kumawonekera. Gawo limeneli nthawi zambiri limakhudza pakati pa masomphenya a munthu. Magawo akuluakulu a minofu yowonongeka yomwe imayambitsa mawanga apakati akhungu amatanthauzira siteji iyi.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Macular Degeneration ndi Chiyani?

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa macular ndi motere:

Kusawona bwino pakati, kutanthauza kuti munthu akayang’ana kutsogolo, nthawi zambiri amaoneka ngati saona bwino pakati.

- Pakapita nthawi, malo osawoneka bwino amatha kukhala akulu kapena mawanga ena amawoneka opanda kanthu.

- Mizere yowongoka imakhala yopindika kapena yopindika. Ena amapeza kuti mitundu imakhala yakuda kapena yocheperako komanso yowoneka bwino.

- Kukhala ndi vuto ndi zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kuwerenga, kulemba, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto.

- Nthawi zina za kuwonongeka kwa macular, masomphenya amatha kutayika pakapita nthawi ndipo khungu lokhazikika limatha kuchitika. 

Kuwonongeka kwa macular Malingana ndi mtunduwo, zizindikirozo ndi izi;

Dry AMD

- Kufunika kowala kowala powerenga

- kusawona bwino

- Kuchira pang'onopang'ono pambuyo poyang'ana kuwala kowala

- Mitundu imawoneka yosasangalatsa

- Kuwonjezeka kwazovuta kuzindikira nkhope zosiyanasiyana

- Kuwona kosawoneka bwino kapena kosawoneka bwino

AMD yonyowa

Pamodzi ndi pamwambapa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

Metamorphopsia - Matenda omwe amachititsa kuti mizere yowongoka iwoneke ngati yopindika kapena yopotoka.

- Central scotoma kapena malo akhungu pakati pa masomphenya. Ngati malowa sakuthandizidwa, amakula.

Zizindikiro za AMD yonyowa nthawi zambiri zimakula mwachangu komanso zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa AMD yowuma.

Chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa sichinapezekebe. Koma zinthu zotsatirazi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli.

 

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Macular Degeneration ndi Zowopsa

- Zaka za chitukuko-Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli chimawonjezeka pambuyo pa zaka 60.

- Mpikisano-Anthu aku Caucasus ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi AMD kuposa ena.

- Mbiri yabanja / Genetics-Kukhala ndi matendawa mwa aliyense m'banjamo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kudwala.

- Kusuta

- Kunenepa kwambiri

Matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol yambiri

- Kudya mafuta ambiri

- Kutengera kuwala kwa dzuwa

Ndizovuta kuzindikira matendawa atangoyamba kumene. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa maso anu pafupipafupi, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi AMD.

Kuyesedwa kwa Macular Degeneration ndi Kuzindikira

Ophthalmologist ayamba ndikuyesa dera lakumbuyo kwa maso komwe kuli retina ndi macula. Padzakhala mayesero angapo monga awa:

Gridi ya Amsler

Mudzafunsidwa kuti muyang'ane gridi yapadera yokhala ndi mizere yowongoka komanso yopingasa. Ngati mizere ikuwoneka yopotoka kapena yotumbululuka, matendawa amakhala abwino.

Fluorescein Angiography

Dokotala amalowetsa utoto wotchedwa fluorescein m'manja. Kenako amayang'ana diso ndi galasi lokulitsa ndikujambula zithunzi za diso.

Izi zithandizira kudziwa ngati mitsempha yamagazi kuseri kwa macula ikutuluka. Leak imatsimikizira AMD yonyowa.

Optical Coherence Tomography

Miyendo yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusanthula ndi kujambula retina. Chithunzichi chimapereka zambiri za macula ndikuthandizira kuwona kusintha kwake.

Matenda anu akangopezeka, adokotala amalangiza chithandizo chotengera mtundu wa AMD.

Chithandizo cha Macular Degeneration

Chithandizo chimafuna kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa masomphenya. Dry AMD mankhwala, ili ndi izi:

- Kugwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa powerenga

- Kuwerenga mabuku okhala ndi zilembo zazikulu

- Kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kowala powerenga

Macular degeneration stem cell therapy Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika pochiza AMD youma mothandizidwa ndi stem cell transplantation ndi

Njira zothandizira pa AMD yonyowa:

Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo

Vascular endothelial growth factor ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukulitsa mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi pamaso pa omwe akudwala AMD yonyowa. Mankhwala oletsa VEGF monga ranibizumab (Lucentis) ndi bevacizumab (Avastin) amaletsa mankhwalawa.

Photodynamic Therapy

Thandizoli limaphatikizapo kubaya jekeseni wa mankhwala osamva kuwala otchedwa Verteporfin m'manja mwa munthu amene wakhudzidwayo kuti azindikire mitsempha yamagazi yomwe ili m'maso.

Kenako, laser imawalitsidwa m'diso kwa mphindi imodzi, izi zimathandizira Verteporfin ndikuwononga mitsempha yamagazi yosadziwika bwino mu macula.

Opaleshoni ya Laser

Amagwiritsa ntchito matabwa a laser pochiza mitsempha yamagazi mu retina.

Chithandizo cha Zitsamba cha Macular Degeneration

Mankhwala azitsamba a macular alibe Ndi za kulabadira zakudya zanu.

Kudya chiyani?

- Zakudya zokhala ndi ma antioxidants monga broccoli, zukini, sipinachi, kabichi.

- Mazira, sipinachi, parsley, Brussels zikumera, letesi, zukini ndi lutein ndi zeaxanthin Zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala ndi michere yambiri komanso zimathandiza kukonza thanzi la macular.

- Zipatso zokhala ndi vitamini C, monga sitiroberi ndi zipatso za citrus.

Zinthu zoyenera kupewa

Kuwonongeka kwa macular Zakudya zomwe zingakuwonongereni zikuphatikizapo:

-Maswiti

- Zakudya zamafuta

- Zokazinga ndi zokhwasula-khwasula

- Zotsekemera zopanga

- Zakudya zoyengedwa bwino monga mpunga woyera, pasitala, ndi chimanga

- Mafuta okoma

Zowonjezera Zomwe Zingagwiritsidwe Ntchito Kuteteza Maso

Kafukufuku wina wokhudza matenda a maso adapeza kuti kuphatikiza kophatikizana kwa antioxidants, kuphatikiza zinc ndi omega-3s, ndi vitamini C ndi E kumalowetsedwa. kuwonongeka kwa macularzinasonyeza kuti zikuchedwetsa kupita patsogolo kwake. Kuwonongeka kwa macularZinthu zabwino zachilengedwe zopewera izi ndi:

Zipatso za Blueberries (160 milligrams kawiri pa tsiku)

Chotsitsa cha anthocyanocyte ichi chimathandizira kuyenda bwino kwa magazi komanso chimakhala ndi flavonoids zomwe zimathandiza kuthandizira diso.

Omega 3 nsomba mafuta (1.000 milligrams tsiku lililonse)

Tengani osachepera 600 milligrams a EPA ndi 400 milligrams a DHA mu mawonekedwe a nsomba mafuta kapena cod mafuta chiwindi kuthandiza kuchepetsa intraocular pressure.

Astaxanthin (2 milligrams patsiku)

Astaxanthin ndi mkanjo wamphamvu waulere womwe ungathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kwa retina. 

Zeaxanthin (3 milligrams patsiku)

Ndi antioxidant ina yomwe imakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsa ukalamba chifukwa imachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni.

mafuta ofunika

Mafuta ofunikira a Frankincense atsimikiziridwa kuti amathandizira kuwona bwino, mafuta a helichrysum amathandizira masomphenya ndikuthandizira minofu ya mitsempha, ndipo mafuta ofunikira a cypress amathandizira kufalikira.

Ikani madontho atatu a mafuta ofunikirawa pamasaya ndi malo ozungulira maso (pafupi ndi maso) katatu patsiku, koma samalani kuti musagwiritse ntchito mafutawo m'maso.

Lutein (15 milligrams tsiku lililonse)

Zopezeka mumasamba ndi zipatso zatsopano, zitha kuthandiza kupewa kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni.

Tetezani maso ku kuwala ndi kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni

Ngakhale kuti kuwala kwa dzuŵa pang’onopang’ono kungakhale ndi ubwino (monga kupereka vitamini D wotetezera thupi), kuchulukirachulukira kungawononge maso. 

Ngati mumathera nthawi yambiri panja padzuwa, kuvala magalasi adzuwa ndi chipewa kumateteza maso kuti asatengeke kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa UV. 

Yesetsani kuti musayang'ane padzuwa, makamaka pa nthawi yochuluka kwambiri, pafupifupi 10:00 mpaka 14:00, kuti mupumule maso anu tsiku lililonse ngati mumagwira ntchito pa kompyuta kwa maola tsiku lililonse kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi pafupipafupi. 

Pewani zida zowunikira za buluu kwa mphindi 20 ndikuyandikira kugona kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwa maso.

Malangizo Opewera Macular Degeneration

- Yang'anani maso anu pafupipafupi.

- Siyani kusuta.

- Pewani kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa.

- Osayang'ana molunjika kumagetsi owala.

- Valani magalasi kapena chipewa panja, makamaka masana.

- Sungani kulemera kwanu.

- Yang'anani kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol.

- Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino m'thupi.

- Idyani bwino.

Chifukwa;

kuchepa kwa macular okhudzana ndi zaka kapena AMD imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa retina ndi macula m'maso. Macula ndi kadera kakang'ono kumbuyo kwa diso komwe kumathandiza kuyang'ana kuwala ndikubweretsa kumveka bwino kwa zithunzi.

AMD nthawi zambiri imakhudza akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 60. Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa macular ndi zizindikiro Zinthuzi ndi monga kusaona bwino, zithunzi zopotoka, kusintha kwa mitundu, ndi zithupsa zikamawonedwa kutsogolo.

Kuwonongeka kwa macular Chithandizo chachilengedwe cha nyamakazi ya nyamakazi chimaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, kuchepetsa kuperewera kwa michere, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse kutupa komanso kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuteteza maso kuti asawonongeke pang'ono, komanso kusiya kusuta.