Hashimoto's thyroid, most common thyroid diseaseis. It is an autoimmune disease that causes hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormones) and is eight times more common in women.
The production of immune cells and the production of autoantibodies in the body's immune system can damage thyroid cells and interfere with their ability to make thyroid hormones.
Hashimoto thyroiditis - same time Hashimoto's disease It is also called as - even when treated with medication, its symptoms can significantly affect quality of life.
Studies show that diet and lifestyle changes can greatly improve symptoms in addition to standard medication.
Hashimoto's disease Each person responds differently to treatment, so it is very important to develop a personalized approach to this condition.
In the article "What is hashimoto thyroid", "how is hashimoto disease treated", "what are the causes of hashimoto", "is nutrition important in hashimoto disease" Answers to such questions will be sought.
What is Hashimoto?
Hashimoto thyroiditisa disease that slowly destroys thyroid tissue through lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that are part of the immune system. autoimmune diseaseTruck.
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the neck. It secretes hormones that affect almost every organ system, including the heart, lungs, skeleton, digestive and central nervous systems. It also controls metabolism and growth.
The main hormones secreted by the thyroid are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
Eventually, damage to this gland leads to insufficient thyroid hormone production.
What Causes Hashimoto's Thyroid?
Hashimoto thyroiditisis an autoimmune disease. The condition causes the white blood cells and antibodies to mistakenly attack the thyroid cells.
Doctors don't know why this happens, but some scientists think genetic factors may be involved.
Research shows that the development of autoimmune disorders is multifactorial. Genetics, nutrition, environmental influences, stress, hormone levels, and immunological factors are all pieces of the puzzle.
Autoimmune disease reactions that can attack tissue throughout the body, including the thyroid gland
Leaky gut syndrome and problems with normal digestive function
Common allergens such as inflammatory foods such as gluten and dairy products
Other commonly consumed foods that cause sensitivity and intolerance, including cereals and many food additives
Emotional stress
Nutrient deficiencies
Various risk factors at some point in life Hashimoto's diseaseIncreases the probability of developing. Risk factors for Hashimoto's disease It is as follows;
Be woman
Much more women than men, for reasons that are not exactly known Hashimoto's diseasena is caught. One reason women are more sensitive is because they are more susceptible to stress / anxiety, which can cause serious damage to female hormones.
Middle age
Hashimoto's disease Most people are middle-aged between the ages of 20 and 60. The greatest risk is in people over the age of 50, and researchers believe the risk only increases with age.
Many women over the age of 60 suffer from hypothyroidism to some degree (estimates show about 20 percent or more), but thyroid disorders may not be diagnosed in older women as they closely mimic menopausal symptoms.
A history of autoimmune disorders
In a family member Hashimoto or if you have a thyroid disorder or have dealt with other autoimmune disorders in the past, you are more likely to develop the disease.
Recent trauma or excessive stress
Stress contributes to hormone imbalances such as adrenal insufficiency, T4 causes changes in the conversion of thyroid hormones to T3, and weakens the body's immune defenses.
Pregnancy and postpartum
Pregnancy affects thyroid hormones in various ways, and it is possible for some women to develop antibodies against their own thyroid during or after pregnancy.
This is called postpartum autoimmune thyroid syndrome or postpartum thyroiditis and is said to be the most common thyroid disease in the postpartum period, in five to nine percent.
Having a history of eating disorder or exercise addiction
Both malnutrition (malnutrition) and excessive exercise, reduces thyroid function and contributes to hormonal imbalance.
What are the Symptoms of Hashimoto's Disease?
Hashimoto's diseaseThe onset of is usually slow. It typically begins with an enlargement of the thyroid gland known as anterior neck goiter.
Sometimes this creates noticeable swelling, fullness in the throat, or a (painless) difficulty swallowing.
Hashimoto's disease As it affects almost every organ system in our body, it is associated with various symptoms:
- Gaining weight
Extreme tiredness
Poor concentration
- Thinning and breakage of hair
Dry skin
Slow or uneven heart rate
Decrease in muscle strength
Shortness of breath
Decreased exercise tolerance
Intolerance to cold
High blood pressure
Brittle nails
- Constipation
Neck pain or thyroid tenderness
Depression and anxiety
Menstrual irregularities
Insomnia
- Voice changes
Among other variants of autoimmune thyroid disease
- Atrophic thyroiditis
- Juvenile thyroiditis
- Postpartum thyroiditis
- Silent thyroiditis
- Focal thyroiditis
located.
How Is Hashimoto's Disease Diagnosed?
Those who have the symptoms described above should consult a doctor. The doctor will look at the patient's medical history and perform a physical examination. Test results are also important.
Diagnosing Hashimoto's disease The following tests can be used for:
Blood test
Thyroid tests may include TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), thyroid hormone (T4), free T4, T3, and thyroid antibodies (positive in about 85 people with Hashimoto's).
The doctor may also order a complete blood count for anemia (seen in 30-40% of patients), lipid profile, or metabolic panel (including sodium, creatine kinase, and prolactin levels).
views
Thyroid ultrasound may be ordered.
Thyroid biopsy
The doctor may recommend taking a piece of suspicious swelling in the thyroid area and performing a biopsy to rule out cancer or lymphoma.
Hashimoto's Thyroid Treatment
Medical treatment
Hashimoto's disease It generally responds well to treatment with levothyroxine, a man-made form of T4.
Most people need lifelong treatment and regular monitoring of T4 and TSH levels.
Dose adjustment is required to keep the levels within the normal range.
Patients can easily switch to hyperthyroidism, which is particularly harmful to heart and bone health.
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can include fast or irregular heart rate, irritability / excitement, fatigue, headache, sleep disturbance, shaking hands, and chest pain.
Surgical treatment
Surgery is rarely needed, but it can indicate whether there is a large goiter that causes obstruction or cancer.
Personal care
Hashimoto's disease Because it is an inflammatory and autoimmune condition, lifestyle changes can be a useful aid to medical care.
Risks of Untreated Hashimoto's Disease
If left untreated Hashimoto's disease can lead to the following situations:
Infertility, miscarriage risk and birth defects
High cholesterol
A severely inactive thyroid is called myxedema and is rare but dangerous Myxedema can cause:
Heart failure
Seizures
Coma
- Death
In pregnant women, poorly controlled hypothyroidism can cause:
Birth defects
- Early birth
Low birth weight
Stillbirth
Thyroid problems in the baby
Preeclampsia (high blood pressure, dangerous for mother and baby)
Anemia
- low
- Placental abruption (the placenta separates from the uterine wall before birth, which means the fetus is not getting enough oxygen).
Postpartum hemorrhage
Hashimoto's Disease Nutrition
Diet and lifestyle Hashimoto's diseaseIt plays a vital role in controlling the disease because many people find that their symptoms persist even with medication. Also, many people who show symptoms are not given medication unless they change their hormone levels.
Studies show that inflammation Hashimoto symptomssuggests that it could be the driving factor behind. Inflammation usually depends on diet.
People with Hashimoto's diseaseSince there is a higher risk of developing autoimmune conditions, high cholesterol, obesity and diabetes, dietary and lifestyle changes are also key to reducing the risk of developing other ailments.
Studies show that cutting down certain foods, taking supplements, and making lifestyle changes can significantly improve symptoms and quality of life.
Also, these changes can help reduce inflammation, slow or prevent thyroid damage caused by high thyroid antibodies, and manage body weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels.
Hashimoto Diet
Treatment of Hashimoto's disease Here are some evidence-based dietary tips to help.
Gluten-free and grain-free diet
Many studies, Hashimoto's patientsIt shows that the probability of developing celiac disease is higher than the general population. Therefore experts, Hashimoto He recommends that anyone diagnosed with celiac disease be screened for celiac disease.
Some evidence suggests that gluten-free and grain-free diets Hashimoto's disease shows that it can benefit people.
Hashimoto's disease In a 34-month study in 6 women, the gluten-free diet decreased thyroid antibody levels while improving thyroid function and vitamin D levels compared to a control group.
Many other studies, Hashimoto's disease or people with autoimmune diseases in general likely benefit from a gluten-free diet, even if they don't have celiac disease.
While following a gluten-free diet, you should avoid all wheat, barley and rye products. For example, most pasta, bread, and soy sauce contain gluten - but gluten-free alternatives are also available.
Autoimmune Protocol Diet
Autoimmune Protocol Diet (AIP) is designed for people with autoimmune diseases.
It eliminates foods such as cereals, dairy products, added sugar, coffee, legumes, eggs, alcohol, nuts, seeds, refined sugar, oils and food additives.
Hashimoto's disease In a 16-week study in 10 women, the AIP Diet led to significant improvements in quality of life and a significant reduction in levels of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP).
Although these results are promising, longer studies are needed.
A phased out of the AIP Diet elimination diet and should be recommended and followed by an experienced doctor.
Hashimoto's disease In a study in 83 women, 75,9% were diagnosed with lactose intolerance.
If you suspect lactose intolerance, cutting dairy products can aid digestive issues, as well as thyroid function and drug absorption.
Keep in mind that this strategy may not work for everyone, as some people with this disease tolerate dairy products perfectly.
Focus on anti-inflammatory foods
Inflammation, Hashimoto's diseasecould be the driving force behind. Therefore, an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits and vegetables can significantly improve symptoms.
Hashimoto's disease A study in 218 women who had a history of chronic inflammation found that oxidative stress markers, a condition that causes chronic inflammation, were lower in those who ate fruits and vegetables more often.
Vegetables, fruits, spices, and oily fish are just some of the foods that have powerful anti-inflammatory properties.
Eat nutrient-dense, natural foods
Nutrient-dense foods low in added sugar and highly processed foods can improve health, manage weight and Hashimoto It can help reduce symptoms associated with
Whenever possible, prepare your meals at home using nutritious foods such as vegetables, fruits, protein, healthy fats, and fiber-rich carbohydrates.
These foods offer powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Other Nutrition Tips
Some studies suggest that certain low-carb diets Hashimoto's disease It can help reduce body weight and thyroid antibodies in people with diabetes.
These special diets provide 12-15% of daily calories from carbohydrates and restrict goitrogenic foods. Goitrogens are substances found in cruciferous vegetables and soy products that can inhibit thyroid hormone production.
However, cruciferous vegetables are highly nutritious, and cooking them reduces their goitrogenic activity. Therefore, it is unlikely to interfere with thyroid function unless consumed in large quantities.
Some evidence suggests that soy harms thyroid function, so Hashimoto Many people choose to avoid soy products. However, more research is needed on this subject.
Useful Supplements for Hashimoto's Patients
Some supplements, Hashimoto's disease It may help reduce inflammation and thyroid antibodies in people who have it.
Also, those with this condition are more likely to be deficient in some nutrients, so supplementation may be necessary. Hashimoto's diseaseSupplements that may be useful include:
Selenium
Studies show 200 mcg per day selenium taking antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies Hashimoto's disease It can help improve well-being in people who have it.
Zinc
Zincessential for thyroid function. Studies show that taking 30 mg of this mineral per day, when used alone or in combination with selenium, can improve thyroid function in people with hypothyroidism.
Animal and human studies have shown that this powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound can protect the thyroid. It can also help treat autoimmune diseases in general.
Vitamin D
Hashimoto's disease It has been found that levels of this vitamin are lower in people who have had it. What's more, research has shown that low vitamin D levels Hashimotoassociates with the severity of the disease.
B complex vitamins
Hashimoto's disease in people with Vitamin B12 tends to be low.
Magnesium
Low levels of this mineral, Hashimoto's disease risk and associated with higher thyroid antibodies. Also, magnesium correcting their deficiencies can improve symptoms in people with thyroid disease.
Iron
Hashimoto's disease People with anemia are more likely to develop anemia. Iron supplements may be required to correct a deficiency.
Fish oil, alpha-lipoic acid and N-acetyl cysteine other supplements such as Hashimoto's disease can help people with
In case of iodine deficiency, taking high-dose iodine supplements Hashimoto's patientsBe aware that it may cause adverse effects. Unless your doctor has told you, you should not take high-dose iodine supplements.
What to Eat in Hashimoto's Disease?
Hashimoto's diseaseIf you have, a nutrient-dense diet can help reduce the severity of symptoms and improve overall health. You can eat the following foods:
Fruits
Strawberry, pear, apple, peach, citrus fruits, pineapple, banana, etc.
Non-starchy vegetables
Zucchini, artichokes, tomatoes, asparagus, carrots, peppers, broccoli, arugula, mushrooms, etc.
Starchy vegetables
Sweet potatoes, potatoes, peas, pumpkin, etc.
Healthy Oils
Avocado, avocado oil, coconut oil, olive oil, full-fat yogurt, etc.
Animal protein
Salmon, eggs, cod, turkey, shrimp, chicken, etc.
Gluten-free grains
Brown rice, oatmeal, quinoa, brown rice pasta etc.
Almond milk, cashew milk, full-fat unsweetened yogurt, goat cheese, etc.
Spices, herbs and condiments
Turmeric, basil, rosemary, red pepper, saffron, black pepper, salsa, tahini, honey, lemon juice, apple cider vinegar, etc.
Drinks
Water, unsweetened tea, mineral water, etc.
Note that some people with Hashimoto's disease avoid some of the foods mentioned above, such as grains and dairy products. To find out which foods are best for you, you have to experiment.
What should not be eaten in Hashimoto's disease
Restricting the following foods, Hashimoto symptomsIt can help reduce and improve overall health:
Added sugar and sweets
Soda, energy drinks, cakes, ice cream, pastries, cookies, confectionery, sugary cereals, table sugar, etc.
Fast food and fried foods
French fries, hot dogs, fried chicken, etc.
Refined grains
White pasta, white bread, white flour bread, bagel, etc.
Highly processed foods and meats
Frozen meals, margarine, microwave-heated convenience foods, sausages, etc.
Cereals and foods that contain gluten
Wheat, barley, rye, crackers, bread, etc.
Hashimoto's disease Working with a dietitian who specializes in autoimmune diseases, such as, can help you establish a healthy eating pattern.
Other Lifestyle Changes
Hashimoto's disease For those, it is extremely important to get plenty of sleep, relieve stress and practice self-care.
Research, participating in stress reduction practices, Hashimoto's disease in women with depression and helps reduce anxiety, improve overall quality of life, and lower thyroid antibodies.
It is important to let your body rest when you feel tired.
Additionally, for maximum absorption, you should take your thyroid medication on an empty stomach at least 30-60 minutes before breakfast or at least 3-4 hours after dinner.
Even coffee and dietary supplements interfere with the absorption of thyroid medications, so it's best not to consume anything other than water for at least 30 minutes after taking your medication.
Hashimoto's disease Those who have it can share the course of their illness by writing a comment to guide other patients.
